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Nisin ve Sodyum Aljinat İçeren Kağıt Kaplamalarının Hazırlanması ve Antimikrobiyal Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2020, , 114 - 122, 15.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.24011/barofd.658875

Abstract

Son yüzyılda artan dünya nüfusu ve çevre kirliliğinin sonucu olarak gıda kaynaklarındaki azalmalar doğal ve işlenmiş gıdaların muhafazasını daha da önemli hale getirmiştir. Bu kapsamda yeni işleme teknolojileri yanında daha uzun raf ömrü sağlayan ambalaj ve depolama tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Biyopolimerlerden elde edilen yenilebilir kaplamalar; doğal, ucuz ve çevre dostu özelliklerinden ötürü son yıllarda gıda ambalajlama materyali olarak sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. İyi kaliteye sahip yenilebilir bir malzemenin; duyusal özellikleri (şeffaf, tatsız ve kokusuz) yanında bariyer özellikleri (nem, oksijen geçirgenlikleri), gıda ile malzeme ve/veya atmosfer ile malzeme arasında gerçekleşebilecek fiziksel ve biyokimyasal reaksiyonlara karşı kararlı yapıda olması, sağlık açısından güvenilir, çevreyle dost ve düşük maliyetli olması önemlidir. Yenilebilir filme antimikrobiyal özellikler kazandırılarak daha uzun ömürlü gıda koruması gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Gıdalara raf ömrü artırmak amacıyla antimikrobiyal özellik gösterdiği bilinen maddeler; nisin, natamisin, askorbik asit veya sodyum aljinat sayılabilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada nisin ve sodyum aljinat ve bunların ikili karışımlarının dolgu maddesi olarak eklendiği nişasta bazlı kâğıt kaplama formülasyonları hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen biyo kaplamaların kimyasal yapısı ATR-FTIR ile aydınlatılmıştır. Biyo kaplamaların renk, parlaklık, temas açısı ve yüzey morfolojisi belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen boş, nisin katkılı, sodium aljinat katkılı ve nisin-sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplamaların antimikrobiyal özellikleri Listeria Monocytogenes gram pozitif ve Escherichia coli gram negatif bakterileri üzerinde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen kaplamalara magenta renkli mürekkep ile IGT C1 ofset test baskı makinası ile baskılar yapılmış ve elde edilen baskıların renk ve parlaklık değişimleri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak antibakteriyel biyokaplamalar başarıyla üretilmiştir. İçerisine dolgu maddesi olarak gıda koruyucu içeren filmlerde bakteri üremesini azaltma oranları nisin-sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplama ˃ sodyum aljinat katkılı nişasta biyokaplama ˃ nisin katkılı nişasta biyokaplama şeklinde sıralanabilir.

References

  • 1. Aloui, H., Khwaldia, K., Ben Slama, M., Hamdi M. (2011). Effect of glycerol and coating weight on functional properties of biopolymer-coated paper. Carbohydrate Polymers, 86(2): 1063-1072.
  • 2. Ekinci Doğan, C. (2012). Gıda ile temas eden maddeler ve gıda güvenliği. Türkiye 11. Gıda kongresi, 10 Eylül 2012; Hatay, Türkiye.
  • 3. Gutierrez, L., Sánchez, C., Batlle, R., Nerín, C. (2009). New antimicrobial active package for bakery products. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 20(2): 92-99.
  • 4. Gökbulut, İ., Öztürk, F.S. (2018). Gıda mikrokapsülasyonunda aljinat kullanımı. Batman Üniversitesi Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1/2): 16-28.
  • 5. Hampikyan, H., Çolak, H. (2007). Nisin ve gıdalardaki antimikrobiyal etkisi. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(2): 1-10.
  • 6. Han, J.H. (2005). New technologies in food packaging: overview, ın: ınnovations in food packaging. Elsevier Academic Press, London, 3-10.
  • 7. Hosseini, S.M., Hosseini, H., Mohammadifar, M.A., German, J.B., Mortazavian, A.M., Mohammadi, A., Khaksar, R. (2014). Preparation and characterization of alginate and alginate-resistant starch microparticles containing nisin. Carbohydrate Polymers, 103: 573-580.
  • 8. Kandirmaz, E.A., Ozcan, A. (2019). Antibacterial effect of Ag nanoparticles into the paper coatings. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, 34(4): 507-515.
  • 9. Karagöz, Ş., Demirdöven, A. (2017). Gıda Ambalajlamada güncel uygulamalar: modifiye atmosfer, aktif, akıllı ve nanoteknolojik ambalajlama uygulamaları. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 6(1): 9-21.
  • 10. Kong, J., Yu, S. (2007). Fourier transform ınfrared spectroscopic analysis of protein secondary structures. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 39(8): 549-559.
  • 11. Özcan, A., Zelzele, Ö. (2017). The effect of binder type on the physical properties of coated paper. Mus Alparslan University Journal of Science, 5(1): 399-404.
  • 12. Ozcan, A., Kandırmaz, E.A., Hayta, P., Mutlu, B. (2019). Examination of the effect of melamine as a filler in paper coatings on print quality. Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 53(3-4): 307-313.
  • 13. Rai, A., Prabhune, A., Perry, C.C. (2010). Antibiotic mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial activity and their application in antimicrobial coatings. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20(32): 6789-6798.
  • 14. Rhim, J.W., Lee, J.H., Hong, S.I. (2006). Water resistance and mechanical properties of biopolimer (alginate and soy protein) coated paperboards. Swiss Society of Food Science and Tecnology, 39: 806-813.
  • 15. Robertson, G.L. (2009). Food packaging and shelf life: a practical guide. CRC Press.
  • 16. Rodriguez, A., Batlle, R., Nerin, C. (2007). The use of natural essential oils as antimicrobial solutions in paper packaging part II. Progress in Organic Coatings, 60: 33-38.
  • 17. Rudra, S., Singh, V., Jyoti, S., Shivhare, U. (2013). Mechanical properties and antimicrobial efficiency of active paper for primary packaging of fruits. Food Bioscience, 3: 49-58.
  • 18. Sesli, Y., Ozomay, Z., Arman Kandirmaz, E., Ozcan, A. (2018). The ınvestigation of using zirconium oxide microspheres in paper coating. 9.International Symposium Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, pp. 129-134.
  • 19. Şen, F., Uzunsoy, İ., Baştürk, E., Kahraman, M.V. (2017). Antimicrobial agent-free hybrid cationic starch/sodium alginate polyelectrolyte films for food packaging materials. Carbohydrate Polymers, 170: 264-270.
  • 20. Ural, E., Kandirmaz, E.A. (2018). Potential of fish scales as a filling material in surface coating of cellulosic paper. Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials, 16(1): 23-27.

Preparation of Nisin and Sodium Alginate Containing Paper Coatings and Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties

Year 2020, , 114 - 122, 15.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.24011/barofd.658875

Abstract

Decreasing food sources as a result of the increasing world population and environmental pollution in the last century made the preservation of natural and processed foods even more important. In this context, it is necessary to develop packaging and storage techniques that provide longer shelf life as well as new processing technologies. Edible coatings from biopolymers; due to its natural, inexpensive and environmentally friendly properties, it has been used frequently as food packaging material in recent years. An edible material of good quality; sensory properties (transparent, tasteless and odorless), as well as barrier properties (moisture, oxygen permeability), stable against physical and biochemical reactions between food and atmosphere, reliable in terms of health, environmentally friendly and low cost is important. Long-lasting food preservation can be achieved by providing edible material’s antimicrobial properties. Nisin, natamycin, ascorbic acid or sodium alginate are used as substances known to exhibit antimicrobial properties to enhance shelf life in food.

In this study, starch-based paper coating formulations were prepared with nisin, sodium alginate and their binary mixtures. The chemical structure of the obtained bio-coatings was illuminated by ATR-FTIR. The color, gloss, contact angle and surface morphology of the bio coatings were determined. The antimicrobial properties of the obtained blank, nisin doped, sodium alginate doped, and nisin-sodium alginate doped starch bio coatings were investigated on Listeria monocytogenes gram positive and Escherichia coli gram negative bacteria. Magenta color ink was printed on the obtained coatings with IGT C1 offset printability tester.. The color and gloss differences of the obtained prints were examined. As a result, antibacterial bio-paper coatings have been successfully produced. The rates of bacterial growth reduction in coatings containing food preservatives as fillers can be listed as nisin-sodium alginate doped starch bio-coating ˃ sodium alginate doped starch bio-coating ˃ nisin-doped starch bio-coating.

References

  • 1. Aloui, H., Khwaldia, K., Ben Slama, M., Hamdi M. (2011). Effect of glycerol and coating weight on functional properties of biopolymer-coated paper. Carbohydrate Polymers, 86(2): 1063-1072.
  • 2. Ekinci Doğan, C. (2012). Gıda ile temas eden maddeler ve gıda güvenliği. Türkiye 11. Gıda kongresi, 10 Eylül 2012; Hatay, Türkiye.
  • 3. Gutierrez, L., Sánchez, C., Batlle, R., Nerín, C. (2009). New antimicrobial active package for bakery products. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 20(2): 92-99.
  • 4. Gökbulut, İ., Öztürk, F.S. (2018). Gıda mikrokapsülasyonunda aljinat kullanımı. Batman Üniversitesi Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1/2): 16-28.
  • 5. Hampikyan, H., Çolak, H. (2007). Nisin ve gıdalardaki antimikrobiyal etkisi. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 6(2): 1-10.
  • 6. Han, J.H. (2005). New technologies in food packaging: overview, ın: ınnovations in food packaging. Elsevier Academic Press, London, 3-10.
  • 7. Hosseini, S.M., Hosseini, H., Mohammadifar, M.A., German, J.B., Mortazavian, A.M., Mohammadi, A., Khaksar, R. (2014). Preparation and characterization of alginate and alginate-resistant starch microparticles containing nisin. Carbohydrate Polymers, 103: 573-580.
  • 8. Kandirmaz, E.A., Ozcan, A. (2019). Antibacterial effect of Ag nanoparticles into the paper coatings. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, 34(4): 507-515.
  • 9. Karagöz, Ş., Demirdöven, A. (2017). Gıda Ambalajlamada güncel uygulamalar: modifiye atmosfer, aktif, akıllı ve nanoteknolojik ambalajlama uygulamaları. Gaziosmanpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Dergisi, 6(1): 9-21.
  • 10. Kong, J., Yu, S. (2007). Fourier transform ınfrared spectroscopic analysis of protein secondary structures. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 39(8): 549-559.
  • 11. Özcan, A., Zelzele, Ö. (2017). The effect of binder type on the physical properties of coated paper. Mus Alparslan University Journal of Science, 5(1): 399-404.
  • 12. Ozcan, A., Kandırmaz, E.A., Hayta, P., Mutlu, B. (2019). Examination of the effect of melamine as a filler in paper coatings on print quality. Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 53(3-4): 307-313.
  • 13. Rai, A., Prabhune, A., Perry, C.C. (2010). Antibiotic mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial activity and their application in antimicrobial coatings. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20(32): 6789-6798.
  • 14. Rhim, J.W., Lee, J.H., Hong, S.I. (2006). Water resistance and mechanical properties of biopolimer (alginate and soy protein) coated paperboards. Swiss Society of Food Science and Tecnology, 39: 806-813.
  • 15. Robertson, G.L. (2009). Food packaging and shelf life: a practical guide. CRC Press.
  • 16. Rodriguez, A., Batlle, R., Nerin, C. (2007). The use of natural essential oils as antimicrobial solutions in paper packaging part II. Progress in Organic Coatings, 60: 33-38.
  • 17. Rudra, S., Singh, V., Jyoti, S., Shivhare, U. (2013). Mechanical properties and antimicrobial efficiency of active paper for primary packaging of fruits. Food Bioscience, 3: 49-58.
  • 18. Sesli, Y., Ozomay, Z., Arman Kandirmaz, E., Ozcan, A. (2018). The ınvestigation of using zirconium oxide microspheres in paper coating. 9.International Symposium Graphic Engineering and Design, Novi Sad, Serbia, pp. 129-134.
  • 19. Şen, F., Uzunsoy, İ., Baştürk, E., Kahraman, M.V. (2017). Antimicrobial agent-free hybrid cationic starch/sodium alginate polyelectrolyte films for food packaging materials. Carbohydrate Polymers, 170: 264-270.
  • 20. Ural, E., Kandirmaz, E.A. (2018). Potential of fish scales as a filling material in surface coating of cellulosic paper. Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials, 16(1): 23-27.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Biomaterial , Polymer Science and Technologies
Journal Section Biomaterial Engineering, Bio-based Materials, Wood Science
Authors

Emine Kandırmaz 0000-0002-4089-6660

Publication Date April 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Kandırmaz, E. (2020). Nisin ve Sodyum Aljinat İçeren Kağıt Kaplamalarının Hazırlanması ve Antimikrobiyal Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.24011/barofd.658875


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