Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Improving the Fire Resistance of Heat Treated Wood by Using Environment-Friendly Substance

Year 2018, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 519 - 524, 15.12.2018

Abstract

The greatest risk of wood structures with many advantages is there ignition and burning. Negative property of wood can be reduced by using environmentally friendly substance. In this study, pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood samples were heat-treated at 210 ° C for 120 minutes after impregnation with boric acid in concentrations of 2.5% and 5%. Fire performance of the combination of boric acid (BA) and heat treatment was calculated from maximum temperature and weight loss. According to Mini Fire Tube (MFT) test results, 99,99% weight loss was observed in the control samples, while 38,36% and 52,24% weight loss were observed in 5% BA and 5% BA+Heat treatment respectively. 2.5% BA+Heat treatment and 5% BA+Heat treatment samples reached maximum weight loss in 160 seconds. While the maximum temperature increased to 444,73 ºC in 5% BA impregnated samples, it remained at 227.9 ºC in 2.5% BA + heated samples.

References

  • ASTM-D, 1976. Standard Test Method of Testing Wood Preservatives by Laboratory Soilblock Cultures, 1413-76, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Philadelphia, 452-460.
  • ASTM E 69, (2002). Standard Test Method for Combustible Properties of Treated Wood by the Fire-Tube Apparatus, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • Baysal, E. 2002. Determination of oxygen index levels and thermal analysis of scots pine impregnated melamine formaldehyde-boron combinations, Journal of Fire Sciences. 20(9), 373-389.
  • Can, A. (2011). Endüstriyel Ölçekli Isıl Işlem ve Borlu Bileşiklerle Emprenyenin Odunun Bazı, Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Biyolojik Özelliklerine Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, KTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Fengel, D. and Wegener, G. (1989). Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions. Walter De Gruyter, Berlin /New York, 3(9):333–335.
  • Fogel, J.L. and Lloyd, J.D. (2002). Mold Performance of Some Construction Products with and without Borates, Forest Products Journal, 52, 2, 38-43.
  • Gündüz, G., Korkut, S., Korkut, D.S. (2008). The effects of heat treatment on physical and technological properties and surface roughness of Camiyanı Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana var. pallasiana) wood. Bioresour. Technol. 99(7): 2275-2280.
  • İstek, A., and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2016). The Effect of Using Siriono and Boric Acid on the Combustion Performance in Particleboard Production. International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016), 07-10 December 2016, Kastamonu/TURKEY
  • Kartal, S.N. and Imamura, Y. (2004). Borlu Bileşiklerin Emprenye Maddesi Olarak Ağaç Malzeme ve Kompozitlerde Kullanımı, 3. Uluslararası Bor Sempozyumu, Eylül, Eskişehir, Bildiriler Kitabı: 333-338
  • Kamdem, D.P., Pizzi, A., Triboulot, M.C. (2000). Heat-treated timber: potentially toxic byproducts presence and extent of wood cell wall degradation. Holz Roh Werkst. 58: 253-257
  • Levan, S.L. and Tran, H.C. (1990). The Role of Boron in Flame-Retardant Treatments, in: Hamel, Margaret, Ed. 1st International Conference on Wood Protection With Diffusible Preservatives: Proceedings 47355; 1990 November, Nashville, TN. Madison, WI: Forest Products Research Society; 39-41.
  • Tomak, E.D. (2011). Masif Odundan Bor Bileşiklerinin Yıkanmasını Önlemede Yağlı Isıl İşlemin ve Emülsiyon Teknikleri ile Emprenye İşleminin Etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • TS 2470. (1976). Wood - sampling methods and general requirements for physical and mechanical tests. TSE, Ankara URL-1 (2018). http://www.boren.gov.tr/en/boron/areas-of-application/flame-retardants
  • Yalınkılıç, M. K., Baysal, E., Demirci, Z. 1997. Fire resistance of calabrian pine (Pinus brutia (Ten.)) wood treated with some boron compounds and or water repellents. Turkish. Journal of Agriculture and Foresty, Vol 4: 423-431
  • Yamaguchi, H. (2003). Silicic Acid: Boric Acid Complex as Wood Preservatives, Wood Science and Technology, 37, 287-297.
  • Yıldız, S. (2002). Isıl işlem uygulanan Doğu Kayını ve Doğu Ladini Odunlarının Fiziksel Teknolojik ve Kimyasal Özellikleri, Doktora Tezi, K.T.Ü., Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.

Çevre Dostu Madde Kullanılarak Isıl İşlemli Örneklerin Yanma Dirençlerinin İyileştirilmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 519 - 524, 15.12.2018

Abstract

Ahşap malzemelerin avantajlarının yanında en büyük dezavantajları alevlenmeleri ve yanmalarıdır. Odunun bu negatif özelliği çevre dostu maddeler kullanılarak azaltılabilir. Bu çalışmada, çam (Pinus sylvestris L.) odun örnekleri,% 2.5 ve % 5'lik konsantrasyonlarda borik asit ile emprenye edildikten sonra 120 dakika süreyle, 210 ° C'de ısıl işleme tabi tutulmuşlardır. Bor ve ısıl işlem kombinasyonunun odunun yanma performansı üzerine etkisi maksimum sıcaklık ve ağırlık kaybı üzerinden hesaplanmıştır. Mini Fire Tube (MFT) test sonuçlarına göre kontrol örneklerinde% 99,99 ağırlık kaybı gözlenirken, % 5 BA ve % 5 BA + Isıl işlemli örneklerde sırasıyla % 38,36 ve % 52,24 ağırlık kaybı gözlenmiştir. % 2,5 BA + Isıl işlem ve % 5 BA + Isıl işlemli örnekler 160 saniyede maksimum ağırlık kaybına ulaşmıştır. % 5 BA emprenyeli örneklerde maksimum sıcaklık 444,73 ºC'ye yükselirken,% 2.5 BA + Isıl işlemdeki maksimum sıcaklık 227,9 ºC’de kalmıştır.

References

  • ASTM-D, 1976. Standard Test Method of Testing Wood Preservatives by Laboratory Soilblock Cultures, 1413-76, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Philadelphia, 452-460.
  • ASTM E 69, (2002). Standard Test Method for Combustible Properties of Treated Wood by the Fire-Tube Apparatus, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • Baysal, E. 2002. Determination of oxygen index levels and thermal analysis of scots pine impregnated melamine formaldehyde-boron combinations, Journal of Fire Sciences. 20(9), 373-389.
  • Can, A. (2011). Endüstriyel Ölçekli Isıl Işlem ve Borlu Bileşiklerle Emprenyenin Odunun Bazı, Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Biyolojik Özelliklerine Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, KTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Fengel, D. and Wegener, G. (1989). Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions. Walter De Gruyter, Berlin /New York, 3(9):333–335.
  • Fogel, J.L. and Lloyd, J.D. (2002). Mold Performance of Some Construction Products with and without Borates, Forest Products Journal, 52, 2, 38-43.
  • Gündüz, G., Korkut, S., Korkut, D.S. (2008). The effects of heat treatment on physical and technological properties and surface roughness of Camiyanı Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana var. pallasiana) wood. Bioresour. Technol. 99(7): 2275-2280.
  • İstek, A., and Özlüsoylu, İ. (2016). The Effect of Using Siriono and Boric Acid on the Combustion Performance in Particleboard Production. International Forestry Symposium (IFS 2016), 07-10 December 2016, Kastamonu/TURKEY
  • Kartal, S.N. and Imamura, Y. (2004). Borlu Bileşiklerin Emprenye Maddesi Olarak Ağaç Malzeme ve Kompozitlerde Kullanımı, 3. Uluslararası Bor Sempozyumu, Eylül, Eskişehir, Bildiriler Kitabı: 333-338
  • Kamdem, D.P., Pizzi, A., Triboulot, M.C. (2000). Heat-treated timber: potentially toxic byproducts presence and extent of wood cell wall degradation. Holz Roh Werkst. 58: 253-257
  • Levan, S.L. and Tran, H.C. (1990). The Role of Boron in Flame-Retardant Treatments, in: Hamel, Margaret, Ed. 1st International Conference on Wood Protection With Diffusible Preservatives: Proceedings 47355; 1990 November, Nashville, TN. Madison, WI: Forest Products Research Society; 39-41.
  • Tomak, E.D. (2011). Masif Odundan Bor Bileşiklerinin Yıkanmasını Önlemede Yağlı Isıl İşlemin ve Emülsiyon Teknikleri ile Emprenye İşleminin Etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • TS 2470. (1976). Wood - sampling methods and general requirements for physical and mechanical tests. TSE, Ankara URL-1 (2018). http://www.boren.gov.tr/en/boron/areas-of-application/flame-retardants
  • Yalınkılıç, M. K., Baysal, E., Demirci, Z. 1997. Fire resistance of calabrian pine (Pinus brutia (Ten.)) wood treated with some boron compounds and or water repellents. Turkish. Journal of Agriculture and Foresty, Vol 4: 423-431
  • Yamaguchi, H. (2003). Silicic Acid: Boric Acid Complex as Wood Preservatives, Wood Science and Technology, 37, 287-297.
  • Yıldız, S. (2002). Isıl işlem uygulanan Doğu Kayını ve Doğu Ladini Odunlarının Fiziksel Teknolojik ve Kimyasal Özellikleri, Doktora Tezi, K.T.Ü., Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Biomaterial Engineering, Bio-based Materials, Wood Science
Authors

Ahmet Can 0000-0001-5926-6039

Wojciech Grzeskowiak This is me

İsmail Özlüsoylu

Publication Date December 15, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 20 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Can, A., Grzeskowiak, W., & Özlüsoylu, İ. (2018). Improving the Fire Resistance of Heat Treated Wood by Using Environment-Friendly Substance. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(3), 519-524.


Bartin Orman Fakultesi Dergisi Editorship,

Bartin University, Faculty of Forestry, Dean Floor No:106, Agdaci District, 74100 Bartin-Turkey.

Fax: +90 (378) 223 5077, Fax: +90 (378) 223 5062,

E-mail: bofdergi@gmail.com