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Mustafakemalpaşa ve Karacabey’deki Taxus baccata L. Gen Kaynakları

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 146 - 154, 15.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2021.883497

Abstract

Taxus baccata L. (Porsuk ağacı), ülkemizde populasyonu azalmakta olan ve yer yer korunmaya alınmış değerli bir ağaçtır. Genel olarak gölgeli ve korunaklı kuzey bakılarda serpili olarak görülür. Mustafakemalpaşa ve Karacabey ilçelerinde yamaç araziler ve dere içlerinde küçük popülasyonlara ve bireylere sahip olan T. baccata Bursa florası için önemli doğal ve tıbbi bitkilerdendir. Bu çalışmada araştırma yapılan ilçelerdeki porsuk ağacının doğal yayılış alanları, bulunan bireylerin boyutları, türün yöredeki yetişme ortamı özellikleri, yerel insanlar tarafından kullanımı ile ilgili etnobotanik bilgilerin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Arazi çalışmalarında porsuk ağaçlarının bulundukları yerin bakısı, rakımı, koordinatları, çap-boy gelişimleri, arazinin mülkiyeti ve bireylerin görüntüleri kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Mustafakemalpaşa (133 adet) ve Karacabey (39 adet) ilçelerinde 172 adet porsuk ağacı tespit edilmiştir. Bireylerin en fazla kuzey (%54,7) bakıda yer aldığı ve (%95,4)’ ünün orman arazisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tür en düşük 192 m ve en yüksek 1034 m yükseltide görülmektedir. Yayılış gösterdiği yerlerde, korunmasına yönelik silvikültürel bakım tedbirleri uygulanmalıdır. Doğal olarak bulunduğu yerlerde porsuk ağacının gençleşmesi ve çoğalmasında güçlükler bulunmaktadır. Diğer yandan hassas yetişme ortamlarında bulunan porsuk ağacı iklim değişikliğinden en fazla etkilenmesi beklenen türlerdendir. Bundan dolayı tür ile ilgili özel farkındalık ve koruma çalışmalarına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.

References

  • [1] Aksoy, H. (1985). Yeniçe orman işletmesindeki meşe ve porsuk bakir orman kalıntıları örnekleriyle orman rezervleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 58-74.
  • [2] Baytop, A. (1994). Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü. Atatürk Kültür, Dil Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. TDK, Ankara.
  • [3] Browicz, K. (1982). Chorology of trees and shrubs in South-West Asia and adjacent regions. Vol. 1. Chorology of trees and shrubs in South-West Asia and adjacent regions. Vol. 1.
  • [4] Brzeziecki, B., & Kienast, F. (1994). Classifying the life-history strategies of trees on the basis of the Grimian model. Forest Ecology and management, 69(1-3), 167-187. https://doi: 10.1016/0378-1127(94)90227-5
  • [5] Davis, P. H. (1970). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3.
  • [6] Dempsey, D., & Hook, I. (2000). Yew (Taxus) species-chemical and morphological variations. Pharmaceutical Biology, 38(4), 274-280. https://doi: 10.1076/1388-0209(200009)3841-AFT274
  • [7] Erdemoğlu, N., & Şener, B. (1999). Taksol ve türevlerinin biyosentezi. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), https://doi: 99-116. 10.1501/Eczfak_0000000335
  • [8] Eriksson, G., Namkoong, G., & Roberds, J. H. (1995). Dynamic Conservation of Forest Tree Gene Resources. Forest Genetic Resources, 23, 2-8.
  • [9] FAO. (2014). The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. Rome. [http://www.fao.org/forestry/fgr/64582].
  • [10] Grime, J.P. (1979). Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes. John Wiley, Chihester, UK.
  • [11] Güner, H.T. (2018). Taxus L. (Porsuklar), (Ed. Ü. Akkemik) Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları. OGM Yayınları, Ankara. s:136.
  • [12] Kendir, G., & Güvenç, A. (2010). Etnobotanik ve Türkiye’de yapılmış etnobotanik çalışmalara genel bir bakış. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 30 (1), 49-80.
  • [13] Lowe, J. (1897). The Yew Trees of Great Britain and Ireland. Macmillan, London, UK.
  • [14] Melzack, R. N. (1979). Some aspects of variation in Taxus baccata L. in England. PhD Thesis, University of Hull, UK.
  • [15] Mercuri, A. M., Torri, P., Casini, E., & Olmi, L. (2013). Climate warming and the decline of Taxus airborne pollen in urban pollen rain (Emilia Romagna, northern Italy). Plant Biology, 15, 70-82. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00624.x
  • [16] Miller, R. W. (1980). A brief survey of Taxus alkaloids and other taxane derivatives. Journal of Natural Products, 43, 425–437. https://doi: 10.1021/np50010a001
  • [17] Parlak, S. (2020). Türk yaylarında kullanılan ağaç türleri ve özellikleri. Ağaç ve Orman, 1 (2), 25-34.
  • [18] Rodwell, J.S., (1991). British plant communities, vol. 1. Woodlands and scrub. Cambridge University Press, UK.
  • [19] Saatçioğlu, F. (1971). Silvikültür II (Silvikültürün Tekniği), İ.Ü. Orman Fak. Yayın No: 172, İstanbul, 562s.
  • [20] Sadıkoğlu, N., & Alpınar, K. (2000). Bartın: from an ethnobotanical point of view. In XIII th meeting on plant originated crude drugs proceeding book. Marmara University Press (pp. 87-100).
  • [21] Sarıbaş, M. (2000). Bazı Bitki Tohumlarında Çimlenmenin Aktivasyonu. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 1 (6), 24.
  • [22] Suszka, B. (1985). Conditions for after-ripening and germination of seeds and for seedling emergence of the English yew (Taxus baccata L.). Arboretum Kórnickie, 30, 285–338.
  • [23] Thomas P.A., & Polwart A. (2003). Taxus baccata L. biological flora of the British Isles 229. Journal Ecology 91: 489–524. https://doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00783.x
  • [24] Williamson, R., & Williamson, K. (1973). The bird community of yew woodland at Kingley Vale, Sussex. British Birds, 66, 12–23.
  • [25] Yaltırık, F. (1988). Dendroloji I Gymnospermae (Açık Tohumlular). İÜ. Yay. No: 3443, Or. Fak. Yay. No: 386, İstanbul.
  • [26] Yılmaz M. & Ok T. (2012). Geyik Elması (Malus trilobata C.K.Schneid.)’ın bazı biyolojik, ekolojik ve etnobotanik özellikleri. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 156-160.
  • [27] Yılmaz, M. (2020). Türk kızılağacı (Alnus orientalis Decne.)’nın tohum özellikleri. Ağaç ve Orman, 1(1), 58-65.
  • [28] Yılmaz, M., & Yüksel, M.C. (2016). Geyik Elması (Malus trilobata CK Schneid.)’nın Etnobotanik Özellikleri ve Fidan Üretimi. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, 295 3(1):1-8. https://doi: 10.31202/ecjse.67148
  • [29] Yılmaz, M. (2014). New Localıty Records and Conservation Of Caucasian Wingnut (Pterocarya Pterocarpa (Michx.) Kunth Ex I.Iljınsk.) in Southern Turkey, Anadolu University, Journal of Science and Technology - C – Life Sciences and Biotechnology 3 (2): 39-44. https://doi: 10.18036/btdc.75287
  • [30] Yilmaz, M., & Ok, T. (2015) Seed characteristics of Flueggea anatolica, an endangered forest shrub species. Dendrobiology 74: 59–67. http://doi: 10.12657/denbio.074.006
  • [31] Young, J.A. & Young, C.G. (1992). Seeds of Woody Plants in North America. Dioscorides Press, Portland.

The Genetic Resources of Taxus baccata L. in Mustafakemalpaşa and Karacabey

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 146 - 154, 15.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2021.883497

Abstract

Taxus baccata L. (Yew Tree), a valuable and sometimes conserved tree in our country, has been decreased in population. Generally, it is scattered in the shady areas and northern aspects of forest landscapes. T. baccata, a natural and medicinal plant for the flora of Bursa, has small populations in creeks and hillsides in Mustafakemalpaşa and Karacabey. In this study main objectives were the finding of natural distribution areas and the individuals at different altitudes in the districts surveyed, habitat characteristics of individuals, the collection of ethnobotanical information about the species from the local people. In the field trips, major characteristics of each tree and its site were recorded including diameter, height, land use, the views of the individuals, aspects, altitudes, and coordinates. After the result of field trips, 172 trees were recorded in Mustafakemalpaşa (133) and Karacabey (39). The largest part of the trees was forest land (%95,4) and north aspects (%54,7). The lowest and the highest elevation of the species in the region were 192 m and 1034 m, respectively. The silvicultural tending treatments should be applied for the conservation of yew tree populations and individuals. There are difficulties in the regeneration and reproduction of yew trees in the natural distribution sites. On the other hand, yew trees growing in sensitive sites are expected to be most affected by climate change. Therefore, there is a need for special public awareness and conservation studies for the species.

References

  • [1] Aksoy, H. (1985). Yeniçe orman işletmesindeki meşe ve porsuk bakir orman kalıntıları örnekleriyle orman rezervleri. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 58-74.
  • [2] Baytop, A. (1994). Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü. Atatürk Kültür, Dil Tarih Yüksek Kurumu. TDK, Ankara.
  • [3] Browicz, K. (1982). Chorology of trees and shrubs in South-West Asia and adjacent regions. Vol. 1. Chorology of trees and shrubs in South-West Asia and adjacent regions. Vol. 1.
  • [4] Brzeziecki, B., & Kienast, F. (1994). Classifying the life-history strategies of trees on the basis of the Grimian model. Forest Ecology and management, 69(1-3), 167-187. https://doi: 10.1016/0378-1127(94)90227-5
  • [5] Davis, P. H. (1970). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3.
  • [6] Dempsey, D., & Hook, I. (2000). Yew (Taxus) species-chemical and morphological variations. Pharmaceutical Biology, 38(4), 274-280. https://doi: 10.1076/1388-0209(200009)3841-AFT274
  • [7] Erdemoğlu, N., & Şener, B. (1999). Taksol ve türevlerinin biyosentezi. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), https://doi: 99-116. 10.1501/Eczfak_0000000335
  • [8] Eriksson, G., Namkoong, G., & Roberds, J. H. (1995). Dynamic Conservation of Forest Tree Gene Resources. Forest Genetic Resources, 23, 2-8.
  • [9] FAO. (2014). The State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. Rome. [http://www.fao.org/forestry/fgr/64582].
  • [10] Grime, J.P. (1979). Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes. John Wiley, Chihester, UK.
  • [11] Güner, H.T. (2018). Taxus L. (Porsuklar), (Ed. Ü. Akkemik) Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları. OGM Yayınları, Ankara. s:136.
  • [12] Kendir, G., & Güvenç, A. (2010). Etnobotanik ve Türkiye’de yapılmış etnobotanik çalışmalara genel bir bakış. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 30 (1), 49-80.
  • [13] Lowe, J. (1897). The Yew Trees of Great Britain and Ireland. Macmillan, London, UK.
  • [14] Melzack, R. N. (1979). Some aspects of variation in Taxus baccata L. in England. PhD Thesis, University of Hull, UK.
  • [15] Mercuri, A. M., Torri, P., Casini, E., & Olmi, L. (2013). Climate warming and the decline of Taxus airborne pollen in urban pollen rain (Emilia Romagna, northern Italy). Plant Biology, 15, 70-82. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00624.x
  • [16] Miller, R. W. (1980). A brief survey of Taxus alkaloids and other taxane derivatives. Journal of Natural Products, 43, 425–437. https://doi: 10.1021/np50010a001
  • [17] Parlak, S. (2020). Türk yaylarında kullanılan ağaç türleri ve özellikleri. Ağaç ve Orman, 1 (2), 25-34.
  • [18] Rodwell, J.S., (1991). British plant communities, vol. 1. Woodlands and scrub. Cambridge University Press, UK.
  • [19] Saatçioğlu, F. (1971). Silvikültür II (Silvikültürün Tekniği), İ.Ü. Orman Fak. Yayın No: 172, İstanbul, 562s.
  • [20] Sadıkoğlu, N., & Alpınar, K. (2000). Bartın: from an ethnobotanical point of view. In XIII th meeting on plant originated crude drugs proceeding book. Marmara University Press (pp. 87-100).
  • [21] Sarıbaş, M. (2000). Bazı Bitki Tohumlarında Çimlenmenin Aktivasyonu. Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 1 (6), 24.
  • [22] Suszka, B. (1985). Conditions for after-ripening and germination of seeds and for seedling emergence of the English yew (Taxus baccata L.). Arboretum Kórnickie, 30, 285–338.
  • [23] Thomas P.A., & Polwart A. (2003). Taxus baccata L. biological flora of the British Isles 229. Journal Ecology 91: 489–524. https://doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00783.x
  • [24] Williamson, R., & Williamson, K. (1973). The bird community of yew woodland at Kingley Vale, Sussex. British Birds, 66, 12–23.
  • [25] Yaltırık, F. (1988). Dendroloji I Gymnospermae (Açık Tohumlular). İÜ. Yay. No: 3443, Or. Fak. Yay. No: 386, İstanbul.
  • [26] Yılmaz M. & Ok T. (2012). Geyik Elması (Malus trilobata C.K.Schneid.)’ın bazı biyolojik, ekolojik ve etnobotanik özellikleri. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 156-160.
  • [27] Yılmaz, M. (2020). Türk kızılağacı (Alnus orientalis Decne.)’nın tohum özellikleri. Ağaç ve Orman, 1(1), 58-65.
  • [28] Yılmaz, M., & Yüksel, M.C. (2016). Geyik Elması (Malus trilobata CK Schneid.)’nın Etnobotanik Özellikleri ve Fidan Üretimi. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, 295 3(1):1-8. https://doi: 10.31202/ecjse.67148
  • [29] Yılmaz, M. (2014). New Localıty Records and Conservation Of Caucasian Wingnut (Pterocarya Pterocarpa (Michx.) Kunth Ex I.Iljınsk.) in Southern Turkey, Anadolu University, Journal of Science and Technology - C – Life Sciences and Biotechnology 3 (2): 39-44. https://doi: 10.18036/btdc.75287
  • [30] Yilmaz, M., & Ok, T. (2015) Seed characteristics of Flueggea anatolica, an endangered forest shrub species. Dendrobiology 74: 59–67. http://doi: 10.12657/denbio.074.006
  • [31] Young, J.A. & Young, C.G. (1992). Seeds of Woody Plants in North America. Dioscorides Press, Portland.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Conservation and Biodiversity
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Seren Dikeş 0000-0002-8687-7975

Mustafa Yılmaz 0000-0002-8250-1882

Mehmet Kalkan 0000-0002-0801-4955

Publication Date April 15, 2021
Submission Date February 19, 2021
Acceptance Date March 23, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Dikeş, S., Yılmaz, M., & Kalkan, M. (2021). Mustafakemalpaşa ve Karacabey’deki Taxus baccata L. Gen Kaynakları. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 14(1), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2021.883497

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