Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğü belirtileri gösteren buğday örneklerinden izole edilen Fusarium türleri

Year 2019, Volume: 59 Issue: 3, 31 - 37, 30.09.2019

Fatih Ölmez , Berna Tunalı

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.515066

Cited By: 19

Abstract

Türkiye’de insan ve hayvan
beslenmesinde kalori ihtiyacının çok önemli bir bölümünü karşılayan buğday ülkemizde
en geniş alanda yetiştirilen tahıldır. Buğday arzını tehdit eden birçok fungal
hastalık olmasına rağmen, Fusarium türleri buğdayda kalite ve kantite
problemlerine neden olan önemli bir patojenik gruptur. Fusarium cinsine
ait 100’den fazla tür vardır ve bu yüzden tür düzeyinde ayrımları kolay
değildir. Bu çalışma Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde buğdayda kök ve kök boğazı
çürüklüğüne neden olan Fusarium türlerinin belirlenmesini amaçlamıştır.
Tür düzeyinde moleküler teşhisler için bazı tür-spesifik primerler ve bazı
ribozomal RNA bölgelerinin dizilenmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunlara ek
olarak bazı türlerin teşhisleri, koloni ve spor karakterleri kullanılarak,
mikroskobik olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Mardin
ve Adıyaman illeri buğday üretim alanlarında 19 farklı türe ait 143 Fusarium
türü belirlenmiştir. En yaygın tür %17.4 ile F. proliferatum olmasına
rağmen, en önemli buğday kök boğazı çürüklüğü patojenlerinden olan F.
pseudograminearum ve F. culmorum izole edilen Fusarium türlerinin %13’ünü oluşturmuştur.

Keywords

Buğday, Kök ve Kök Boğazı Çürüklüğü, Fusarium, PCR

Fusarium species isolated from wheat samples showing root and crown rot

Abstract

Wheat is one of
the most largely grown cereals in Turkey and it is very important for meet
calorie requirements of humans and animals. However, due to numerous fungal
diseases suffered, the wheat supply is threatened. Fusarium spp., known as the big portion of plant parasitic fungi,
causes some quality and quantity problems on wheat production. This large genus
has over one hundred sub-species, therefore, it is so difficult to diagnose in
species level. Using certain molecular and microscopic approaches, this study
aimed at determining the Fusarium
spp., causing root and crown rot on wheat in Southeast Anatolia. Molecularly, using
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiment with some species-specific primers
and sequencing of some part of ribosomal RNA region after amplification by PCR were
used to differentiate the species. Additionally, colony and different spore
characteristics of cultures were used to diagnose some Fusarium species microscopically. At the end of the study, 143 Fusarium isolates including 19 species
were obtained from wheat producing areas in Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Mardin, and
Adıyaman provinces. Although the most frequently isolated species was F. proliferatum at the rate of 17.4%, F. pseudograminearum and F. culmorum, which were the most
important crown rot pathogens, were isolated at 13% of the total isolated Fusarium isolates.

Keywords

wheat, root and crown rot, Fusarium, PCR

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