Ordu ili kıyı ilçelerinden entomopatojen fungusların izolasyonu ve tanımlanması

Year 2023, Volume: 63 Issue: 3, 17 - 24, 31.10.2023

Funda Şahin , Yusuf Yanar

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1296436

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Ordu ili kıyı bölgelerindeki orman, fındık, kivi, sebze ve çayır-mera alanlarından toplam 250 adet toprak örneği alınmıştır. Bu toprak örneklerinden Galleria-tuzak yöntemi kullanılarak entomopatojen funguslar izole edilmiştir. İzolasyonlar sonucunda 85 fungal izolat elde edilmiştir. Morfolojik karakterizasyondan sonra 85 izolattan 64'ü moleküler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Moleküler karakterizasyon sonuçlarına göre 64 izolattan 23'ü Beauveria bassiana (%35.94), 11 izolat Metarhizium brunneum (%17.19), 8 izolat Metarhizium anisopliae (%12.5), 6 izolat Metarhizium robertsii (%9.38), 4 izolat Purpureocillium lilacinum (%6.25), 4 izolat Clonostachys rogersoniana (%6.25), 3 izolat Fusarium solani (%4.69), 1 izolat Clonostachys rossmaniae (%1.56), 1 izolat Aspergillus flavus (%1.56), 1 izolat Cordyceps cicadae (%1.56), 1 izolat Cordyceps fumosorosea (%1.56) ve 1 izolat Fusarium oxysporum (%1.56) idi. Ordu ilinin kıyı kesimlerinde en yaygın entomopatojen mantar türü Metarhizium'dur ve bunu Beauveria bassiana izlemektedir.

Keywords

entomopatojen fungus, izolasyon, biyolojik mücadele, orman, fındık, Karadeniz

Supporting Institution

Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri

Project Number

2020/18

Isolation and identification of entomopathogenic fungi from coastal districts of Ordu province, Turkey

Abstract

A total of 250 soil samples were taken from the forest, hazelnut, kiwi, vegetable, and meadow-rangeland areas in the coastal regions of Ordu province, Turkey. Entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from these soil samples using the Galleria-bait method. Eighty-five fungal isolates were isolated from these soil samples, after which they were morphologically and molecularly identified. After morphological characterization, 64 out of 85 isolates were identified molecularly. Based on the molecular characterization results, twenty-three out of the 64 isolates were Beauveria bassiana (35.94%), 11 isolates were Metarhizium brunneum (17.19%), 8 isolates were Metarhizium anisopliae (12.5%), 6 isolates were Metarhizium robertsii (9.38%), 4 isolates were Purpureocillium lilacinum (6.25%), 4 isolates were Clonostachys rogersoniana (6.25%), 3 isolates were Fusarium solani (4.69%), 1 isolate was Clonostachys rossmaniae (1.56%), 1 isolate was Aspergillus flavus (1.56%), 1 isolate was Cordyceps cicadae (1.56%), 1 isolate was Cordyceps fumosorosea (1.56%), and 1 isolate was Fusarium oxysporum (1.56%). In the coastal area of Ordu province, the most common entomopathogen fungal genus is Metarhizium followed by Beauveria bassiana.

Keywords

entomopathogenic fungi, isolation, biological control, forest, hazelnut, Black Sea

Project Number

2020/18

References

• Abdullah S.K., Mustafa R.A., Assaf L.H., 2015. Isolation of entomopathogenic and opportunistic fungi from soil in Duhok province, Kurdistan region of Iraq by different selective isolation media. Journal of Biology, Agriculture, and Healthcare, 5, 73-79.
• Ali-Shtayeh M.S., Mara'i A.B.B., Jamous R.M., 2003. Distribution, occurrence ,and characterization of entomopathogenic fungi in agricultural soil in the Palestinian area. Mycopathologia, 156 (3), 235-244. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1023339103522
• Anonymous, 2023. General statistical data of the cities https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=ORDU (accessed date: 29.08.2023).
• Bidochka M.J., Kasperski J.E., Wild G.A., 1998. Occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana in soils from temperate and near-northern habitats. Canadian Journal of Botany, 76 (7), 1198-1204. https://doi.org/10.1139/b98-115
• D'Alessandro C.P., Jones L.R., Humber R.A., López Lastra C.C., Sosa-Gomez D.R., 2014. Characterization and phylogeny of Isaria spp. strains (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and elongation factor 1-alpha sequences. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 54, 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201300499
• Eilenberg J., Hajek A., Lomer C., 2001. Suggestions for unifying the terminology in biological control. BioControl, 46 (4), 387-400. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014193329979
• European Commision 2021. Farm to fork targets – progress. https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/pesticides/sustainable-use-pesticides/farm-fork-targets-progress_en
• Gebremariam A., Chekol Y., Assefa F., 2021. Phenotypic, molecular, and virulence characterization of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Balsam) Vuillemin, and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin from soil samples of Ethiopia for the development of mycoinsecticide. Heliyon, 7 (5), e07091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07091
• Gül E., 2016. Morphological and molecular identification of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from sunn pests (Eurygaster spp.) and determination of their pathogenicity. Ankara University, Doctoral dissertation, Ankara, 70 p.
• https://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui;/bitstream/handle/20.500.12575/84201/434744.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
• Han R., Ehlers R.U., 2000. Pathogenicity, development, and reproduction of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae under axenic in vivo conditions. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 75 (1), 55-58. https://doi.org/10.1006/jipa.1999.4900
• Humber R.A., 1997. Fungi: identification. Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology, 153-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012432555-5/50011-7
• Keller S., Kessler P., Schweizer C., 2003. Distribution of insect pathogenic soil fungi in Switzerland with special reference to Beauveria brongniartii and Metarhizium anisopliae. BioControl, 48, 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023646207455
• Keskin A., Koprulu T.K., Bursali A., Ozsemir A.C., Yavuz K.E. Tekin S., 2014. First record of Ixodes arboricola (Ixodida: Ixodidae) from Turkey with presence of Candidatus Rickettsia vini (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 51, 864-7. https://doi.org/10.1603/ME13169
• Kulkarni S.A., 2015. Biochemical and molecular studies of chitin deacetylase from Metarhizium species. Savitribai Phule Pune University, Doctoral dissertation, Pune, India. http://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in/document/d2lzYlFSMWhDSTFQNHRvOGtpVmhEZDJDZVBuRDVOWlBTTTFDdmV1Q3lrYz0
• Liu Y.C., Ni N.T., Chang J.C., Li Y.H., Lee M.R., Kim J.S., Nai Y.S., 2021. Isolation and selection of entomopathogenic fungi from soil samples and evaluation of fungal virulence against insect pests. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 175, e62882. https://doi.org/ 10.3791/62882
• Majchrowska-Safaryan A., Tkaczuk C., 2021. Abundance of entomopathogenic fungi in leaf litter and soil layers in forested habitats in Poland. Insects, 12 (2), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12020134
• Meyling N.V., Eilenberg J., 2006. Isolation and characterization of Beauveria bassiana isolates from phylloplanes of hedgerow vegetation. Mycological Research, 110 (2), 188-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2005.09.008
• Meyling N.V., Eilenberg J., 2007. Ecology of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in temperate agroecosystems: potential for conservation biological control. Biological control, 43 (2), 145-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.07.007
• Mietkiewski R.T., Pell J.K., Clark S.J., 1997. Influence of pesticide use on the natural occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi in arable soils in the UK: field and laboratory comparisons. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 7 (4), 565-576. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583159730622
• Mishra S., Kumar P., Malik A., 2015. Effect of temperature and humidity on pathogenicity of native Beauveria bassiana isolate against Musca domestica L. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 39 (4), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-013-0408-0
• Niu X., Xie W., Zhang J., Hu Q., 2019. Biodiversity of entomopathogenic fungi in the soils of South China. Microorganisms, 7 (9), 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090311
• Saygılı İ., 2019. Intogression of barley drought tolerance QTL using marker-assisted selection. Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Doctoral Dissertation, 120 p., Tokat. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/bitstream/handle/20.500.12812/684229/yokAcikBilim_10237873.pdf?sequence=-1&isAllowed=y
• Sevim A., Demir I., Höfte M., Humber R.A., Demirbag Z., 2010. Isolation and characterization of entomopathogenic fungi from hazelnut-growing region of Turkey. Biocontrol, 55, 279-297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-009-9235-8
• Shin T.Y., Ko S.H., Lee W.W., Bae S.M., Choi J.B., Woo S.D., 2013. Screening and evaluation of antibacterial metabolites from entomopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Industrial Entomology, 26 (2), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.7852/ijie.2013.26.2.89
• Steenberg T., 1995. Natural occurrence of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. with focus on infectivity to Sitona species and other insects in lucerne. Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Copenhagen, Denmark, 126 p.
• Şahin F., Yanar Y. 2021. Pathogenicity of some local entomopathogenic fungus isolates on the cotton leafworm larvae, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 31, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00494-3
• Teetor-Barsch G.H., Roberts D.W., 1983. Entomogenous Fusarium species. Mycopathologia, 84 (1), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00436991
• White T.J., Bruns T., Lee S.J.W.T., Taylor J., 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR Protocols: A guide to methods and applications, 18 (1), 315-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
• Woo P.C., Ngan A.H., Chui H.K., Lau S.K., Yuen K.Y., 2010. Agar block smear preparation: a novel method of slide preparation for preservation of native fungal structures for microscopic examination and long-term storage. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 48 (9), 3053-3061. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00917-10
• Vänninen I., 1996. Distribution and occurrence of four entomopathogenic fungi in Finland: effect of geographical location, habitat type and soil type. Mycological Research, 100 (1), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80106-7
• Zimmermann G., 1986. The 'Galleria bait method' for detection of entomopathogenic fungi in soil. Journal of applied Entomology, 102 (1‐5), 213-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1986.tb00912.x