Antropojenik Faaliyetler Nedeniyle Değişen Çevrenin Yarasalar Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 1449 - 1459, 26.09.2020

Atilla Arslan , Mesut Baş

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.689189

Abstract

Ekosistemin en önemli dinamiklerinden olan yarasalar, birçok bulaşıcı hastalığın kaynağını oluşturan ve ayrıca tarım için zararlı etkileri olan böcek populasyonunun kontrolünü sağlar. Günümüzde küresel ekosistemin insanlar tarafından değiştirilmesi nedeniyle birçok bilim adamının hemfikir olduğu yeni bir jeolojik çağın -Antroposen Çağı- başlangıcı tetiklenmektedir. Birçok canlı antropojenik faaliyetleri tolere edip insanlarında içinde bulundukları habitatlarda hayatlarını sürdürmeye devam ederken, canlıların büyük çoğunluğu da dramatik bir şekilde popülasyonlarında düşüş yaşamaktadır. Tüm bu olanların sonucunda da gezegenimiz altıncı büyük yokoluşa doğru itilmektedir. Yarasalar, yaşam döngüleri, beslenme şekilleri, habiatatları, düşük üreme hızı ve yüksek metabolik hızları nedeniyle antropojenik değişikliklere özellikle açıktırlar. Yarasaların %16’sının IUCN tarafından Kritik Olarak Tehlikeli, Nesli Tehlikede ve Hassas konumda oldukları belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada antropojenik faaliyetlerin yarasalar üzerinde nasıl bir etki oluşturduğu vurgulanmıştır. Amacımız, bizim de nokturnal olmaları nedeniyle pek de farkında olmadığımız yarasalar hakkında farkındalık oluşmasını sağlamaktır.

Keywords

ekoloji, ekosistem, korunma statüsü

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