Examination of the Potential Effect of Corrosion Current Density of Ship Hulls on the Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 292 - 298, 27.06.2023

Kenan Yiğit , Mustafa Adanur

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1133653

Cited By: 1

Abstract

In this study, the sacrificial anode cathodic protection system, which is one of the electrical protection methods in the prevention of corrosion in ships, was examined. Within the scope of the study, the potential effects of corrosion current density, which is an important parameter for cathodic protection design, were studied. The study includes cathodic protection calculations for a bulker with a protected hull area of 9406 m2 and a general cargo ship with a protected hull area of 1770 m2. As a result, it was estimated that each 1 mA/m2 change in the electric current density parameter changes the anode usage amount by 64 kg in bulker and 12 kg in general cargo, depending on the reference parameters such as protected hull area, anode type, and design life. It can be stated that the evaluation of the corrosion current density parameter, taking into account the operating conditions of each ship, will be beneficial in terms of optimizing the sacrificial anode consumption.

Keywords

Ship corrosion, Cathodic protection, Sacrificial anode, Electrical current density

Supporting Institution

Yildiz Technical University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Project Number

FLO-2021-4656

Thanks

This work has been supported by Yildiz Technical University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under project number FLO-2021-4656.

References

• [1] M. Hashim, K. Mohammed, and N. Hamadi, “Modeling and control of impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system,” Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 80–88, 2014.
• [2] C. M. Hansson, “The impact of corrosion on society,” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 2952–2962, 2011.
• [3] T. Koyun and Ş. Y. Güven, “Galvani̇k korozyon ve alümi̇nyum-bakır üzeri̇ne deneysel bi̇r çalışma,” Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 1, 2017.
• [4] A. Kadhim, A. A. Al-Amiery, R. Alazawi, M. K. S. Al-Ghezi, and R. H. Abass, “Corrosion inhibitors. A review,” International Journal of Corrosion and Scale Inhibition, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 54-67, 2021.
• [5] X. Li, D. Zhang, Z. Liu, Z. Li, C. Du, and C. Dong, “Materials science: Share corrosion data,” Nature, vol. 527, no. 7579, pp. 441–442, 2015.
• [6] M. Shehadeh and I. Hassan, “Study of sacrificial cathodic protection on marine structures in sea and fresh water in relation to flow conditions,” Ships and Offshore Structures, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 102–110, 2013.
• [7] Ş. Şanlıer, “Gemilerde korozyon ve korozyondan korunma yöntemleri,” GAP Matematik, Mühendislik, Fen ve Sağlık Bilimleri Kongresi, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye, pp.1-10, 2018.
• [8] H. Elçiçek, A. C. Karaoğlanlı, and B. Demirel, “Gemicilik endüstrisinde korozyon problemi ve katodik koruma uygulamaları,” In 6th International Advanced Technologies Symposium, pp. 16-18, 2011.
• [9] S. Sutrisno, A. Bastari, and O. S. Suharyo, “The comparison study of cathodic protection system of victim anoda between Zink anoda (Zn) and Aluminum anoda (Al),” International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 183-193, 2021.
• [10] Y.-S. Kim, S. K. Lee, and J.-G. Kim, “Influence of anode location and quantity for the reduction of underwater electric fields under Cathodic protection,” Ocean Engineering, vol. 163, pp. 476–482, 2018.
• [11] P. M. Koli, A. K. Satapathy, G. S. Ambre, and G. Gunasekaran, “Eco-friendly sacrificial anode for corrosion mitigation of steel and aluminium alloy based ship hull”, CORCON, 23rd–26th September, Mumbai, India, pp. 1-5, 2019.
• [12] D. T. Kalovelonis, D. C. Rodopoulos, T. V. Gortsas, D. Polyzos, and S. V. Tsinopoulos, “Cathodic protection of a container ship using a detailed BEM model,” Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 359, 2020.
• [13] V. Kramar, A. Rodkina, O. Ivanova, S. Chernyi, and A. Zinchenko, “Analysis Technology and cathodic protection for hull structures of ships and floating facilities,” Inventions, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 74, 2021.
• [14] D. Clematis, A. Marroccu, M. Panizza, and A. Barbucci, “A critical analysis on the current design criteria for cathodic protection of ships and superyachts,” Materials, vol. 15, no. 7, p. 2645, 2022.
• [15] K. Yiğit and M. Adanur, “Comparison of the potential effects of using aluminum and zinc anode in galvanic anode cathodic protection design for a cruise ship,” In 2. International Mediterranean Scientific Research and Innovation Congress, Girne, K.K.T.C., pp. 954, 2022.
• [16] E. Karataş and L. Seyfi, “Afyon bölgesinde yer alan doğalgaz boru hattı üzerindeki AC enterferans seviyelerinin ölçülmesi ve AC korozyon ihtimalinin değerlendirilmesi,” Uluslararası Bilimsel Çalışmalarda Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Sempozyumu, Samsun, Türkiye, pp. 645-649, 2018.
• [17] T. Tezdogan and Y. K. Demirel, “An overview of marine corrosion protection with a focus on cathodic protection and coatings,” Brodogradnja: Teorija I Praksa Brodogradnje I Pomorske Tehnike, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 49-59, 2014.
• [18] C. S. Moser, T. P. Wier, J. F. Grant, M. R. First, M. N. Tamburri, G. M. Ruiz, A. W. Miller, and L. A. Drake, “Quantifying the total wetted surface area of the World Fleet: A first step in determining the potential extent of ships’ biofouling,” Biological Invasions, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 265–277, 2015.
• [19] L. Yan, G.-L. Song, and D. Zheng, “Magnesium alloy anode as a smart corrosivity detector and intelligent sacrificial anode protector for reinforced concrete,” Corrosion Science, vol. 155, pp. 13–28, 2019.
• [20] A. Bahadori, “Design considerations on cathodic protection for buried pipelines and marine structures, cathodic corrosion protection systems. A guide for oil and gas industries,” USA: Gulf Professional Publishing, 2014.
• [21] U.S. Naval Academy, “Appendix: Cathodic Protection Design – 1,” 1996.
• [22] American Bureau of Shipping, “Guidance notes on cathodic protection of ships,” 2017.
• [23] Netherlands National Water Board, “Sacrificial anodes, merchant shipping and fisheries,” 2008.
• [24] C. Georgios, T. Iason, and K. Konstantinos, “MaVeCoDD dataset: Marine vessel hull corrosion in dry-dock images”, Mendeley Data V1, 2021.
• [25] Marine Cathodic Protection Systems, “Galvanic anode cathodic protection design,” 2023. [Online]. Available: http://www.z-guard.co.uk/anodeplan.html. [Accessed: Mar. 9, 2023].
• [26] Altın Çıpa Denizcilik, “Galvanic anode cathodic protection application,” 2023. [Online]. Available: https://altincipa.com.tr/galeri/. [Accessed: Mar. 9, 2023].
• [27] R. Singh, “Corrosion control for offshore structures: Cathodic protection and high-efficiency coating,” Gulf Professional Publishing, 2014.
• [28] L. Xu, Y. Xin, L. Ma, H. Zhang, Z. Lin, and X. Li, “Challenges and solutions of cathodic protection for marine ships,” Corrosion Communications, vol. 2, pp. 33–40, 2021.
• [29] I. Gurrappa, I. V. Yashwanth, and I. Mounika, “Cathodic protection technology for protection of naval structures against corrosion,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2014.
• [30] A. S. Oryshchenko and Y. L. Kuzmin, “Development of electrochemical cathodic protection against corrosion of ships, vessels, and offshore structures,” Inorganic Materials: Applied Research, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 612–625, 2015.