A User - Friendly Signal-Processing App For Harmonics

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 153 - 164, 29.10.2024

Sıtkı Akkaya

https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1470226

Abstract

Harmonics, especially the 3^rd,5^th, and 7^th components, are significant disturbances in power systems, occurring simultaneously and at varying time intervals. Measurements of these components depend on factors such as fundamental frequency deviation, event duration, amplitude values, and noise levels. Accurate detection and measurement are crucial for effective harmonic mitigation and preventive strategies. This study introduces a harmonic signal analysis application utilizing methods like FFT, STFT, CWT, EMD, and HHT, with individual user interfaces for in-phase and time-variant harmonic signals. The application provides results for amplitude, frequency, event time intervals, and noise effects simultaneously. Test results at a 60 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reveal that FFT achieves precise frequency and amplitude results due to its high resolution, whereas other methods offering time-frequency domain results exhibit lower resolution. EMD, in particular, demonstrates high errors in frequency and amplitude responses, reducing four frequency components to three. HHT, utilizing EMD results, yields higher accuracy with minimal errors compared to other methods. This application, combined with test results, facilitates signal synthesis and comparative analysis in time and time-frequency domains.

Keywords

Harmonics, IEEE 1459, app, fundamental frequency, noise, IEC 61000-4-30

Harmonikler İçin Kullanıcı Dostu Bir Sinyal İşleme Uygulaması

Abstract

Harmonikler, özellikle 3., 5. ve 7. bileşenler, güç sistemlerinde aynı anda ve değişen zaman aralıklarında meydana gelen önemli bozulmalardır. Bu bileşenlerin ölçümleri temel frekans sapması, olay süresi, genlik değerleri ve gürültü seviyeleri gibi faktörlere bağlıdır. Etkin harmonik azaltma ve önleyici stratejiler için doğru tespit ve ölçüm çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, FFT, STFT, CWT, EMD ve HHT gibi yöntemleri kullanan, faz içi ve zaman değişkenli harmonik sinyaller için ayrı kullanıcı arayüzlerine sahip bir harmonik sinyal analizi uygulaması tanıtılmaktadır. Uygulama aynı anda genlik, frekans, olay zaman aralıkları ve gürültü efektleri için sonuçlar sağlar. 60 dB sinyal-gürültü oranındaki (SNR) test sonuçları, FFT'nin yüksek çözünürlüğü nedeniyle hassas frekans ve genlik sonuçları elde ettiğini, oysa zaman-frekans alanı sonuçları sunan diğer yöntemlerin daha düşük çözünürlük sergilediğini ortaya koyuyor. Özellikle EMD, frekans ve genlik yanıtlarında yüksek hatalar göstererek dört frekans bileşenini üçe indiriyor. EMD sonuçlarını kullanan HHT, diğer yöntemlere kıyasla minimum hatayla daha yüksek doğruluk sağlar. Test sonuçlarıyla birleştirilen bu uygulama, zaman ve zaman-frekans alanlarında sinyal sentezini ve karşılaştırmalı analizi kolaylaştırır.

Keywords

Harmonik, IEEE 1459, uygulama, temel frekans, gürültü, IEC 61000-4-30.

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