Risk Factors and Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Disease Requiring Revascularisation In Young Adults: A Single Centre Experience

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 59 - 72, 30.06.2019

Flora Özkalaycı , Öykü Gülmez Armağan Altun

https://doi.org/10.33716/bmedj.537719

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most frequent cause of
mortality and morbidity world-wide. Advanced age is one of the most important
risk factor for progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease
(CAD) is often seen over 45-years in male and 55 years in female population.
However, there is a significant increase in the prevalence of myocardial
infarction (MI) in young population recently. The aim of this study is to
identify the most prevalent risk factors for CAD in the young population who
presented with cardiac complaints and underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and
to determine the primary and secondary prevention strategies along with the
treatment strategies. Method: Young patients who have had cardiac complaints
and received CAG during the last 10 years were screened retrospectively.
Patient demographics, clinical characteristics and medications were collected
retrospectively from the review of the medical records and cardiac
catheterization database. A total of 113 cases were enrolled to the study. In
all patients CAG was performed. Subjects were then classified in to two main
groups according to their needs for revascularisation. Those subjects who
didn’t require coronary revascularisation after CAG were enrolled to the control
group (Group 1); and those who needed coronary revascularisation were enrolled
to the patient group (Group 2). SPSS 15.0 for Windows program was used for
statistical analysis. For categorical variables descriptive statistics were;
number and percentage. For numerical variables descriptive statistics were;
mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, median. When the independent
two-group comparisons of numerical variables provided normal distribution
condition the Student's t test was performed, while Mann-Whitney U test was
performed when the normal distribution condition was not met. Rates in
independent groups were compared with Chi square test. Statistical significance
level of alpha was accepted as p<0,05. Results: The
prevalence of male gender was significantly higher than female gender among the
groups (p=0.002). There was no statistically significant difference between
groups in respect to mean value of BMI (p=0.105). Smoking and average number of
cigarettes smoked was significantly higher in Group 2 patients (p<0.001; p=0.002). There were no statistically significant difference
between the groups regarding to their additional co-morbidities.

Keywords

coronary artery disease in young, risk factors for atherosclerosis

Gençlerde Revaskülarizasyon Gerektiren Koroner Arter Hastalığı Risk Faktörleri ve Anjiyografik Özellikleri: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

Abstract

Kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH) en sık ölüm ve morbidite
nedenlerindendir. İleri yaş aterosklerozun ilerlemesinde en önemli risk
faktörlerinden biridir. Koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) genellikle erkeklerde 45
yaşın ve kadın popülasyonda 55 yaş üstünde görülür. Bununla birlikte, genç
popülasyonda miyokard enfarktüsünün (MI) prevalansında önemli bir artış vardır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalp şikayetleri ile başvuran ve koroner anjiyografi (KAG)
yapılan genç popülasyonda KAH için en yaygın risk faktörlerini tanımlamak ve
tedavi stratejileri ile birlikte birincil ve ikincil önleme stratejilerini
belirlemektir. Metod: Son 10 yıl içinde kardiyak şikayetlerle gelerek KAG
yapılmış genç hastalar geriye dönük olarak tarandı. Çalışmaya toplam 113 olgu
alındı.  Revaskülarizasyon ihtiyaçlarına
göre iki ana gruba ayrıldı. KAG sonrası koroner revaskülarizasyon gerektirmeyen
olgular kontrol, ​​(Grup 1); Koroner revaskülarizasyon ihtiyacı olanlar ise
hasta grubu (Grup 2) şeklinde sınıflandırıldı. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS
15.0 for Windows programı kullanıldı. Kategorik değişkenler için tanımlayıcı
istatistikler; sayı ve yüzde olarak ifade edildi. Sayısal değişkenler için
tanımlayıcı istatistikler; ortalama, standart sapma, minimum, maksimum, medyan
şeklinde ifade edildi. İki değişkenli bağımsız değişkenlerin sayısal
dağılımları normal dağılım koşulu sağladığında, Student t testi, normal dağılım
koşulu sağlanamadığında Mann-Whitney U testi yapıldı. Bağımsız gruplardaki
oranlar Ki kare testi ile karşılaştırıldı. Alfa'nın istatistiksel anlamlılık
düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Sonuç: Erkek cinsiyet
prevalansı, gruplar arasında kadın cinsiyetten anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti
(p=0.002). BKİ'nin ortalama değerinde gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p=0.105). Sigara ve ortalama sigara sayısı Grup 2'de
anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0.001; p=0.002).
İlave komorbiditeler açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bir fark yoktu.

Keywords

genç erişkinde koroner arter hastalığı, aterosklerotikrisk faktörleri

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