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Menstrual Kanamaya Yönelik Algı ve Tutumların Kadın Sağlığına Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 76 - 81, 22.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246

Abstract

Menstrual kanama ve menstruasyon süreci, bir kadının ergenlik döneminden itibaren hayatı boyunca aylık periyotlar halinde yaşadığı fizyolojik bir süreçtir ve birçok toplumda tabu olarak görülerek hakkında konuşulmamaktadır. Çalışmamızda geçmişten günümüze menstrual kanamaya yönelik tutum ve uygulamaları derlemeyi amaçladık. Geçmişte bazı kültürlerde adet kanaması kutsal kabul edilirken; bazılarında utanılacak, hakkında konuşulmayan bir konu olmuştur. Günümüzde adet görmeye karşı kültürel tabular nedeniyle bu konularda bilgi eksikliği bulunmakta ve bu durum kadın üreme sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Eksik ve yanlış menstrual uygulamaların ortadan kaldırılması için menstrual hijyen konusunda bilgilendirme ve eğitimler düzenlenmeli ve bu eğitimler sağlık eğitiminin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturmalıdır.

References

  • Abiç, A., Vefikuluçay Yılmaz, D. (2020). The effect of yoga on menopause symptoms. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 3(2), 217–223. doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72295
  • Ali, T. S., Rizvi, S. N. (2010). Menstrual knowledge and practices of female adolescents in urban Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of Adolescence, 33(4), 531–541. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.013
  • Arıkan, D., Çelebioğlu, A., Güdücü Tüfekçi, F. (2013). Growth and development in pediatric nursing in childhood (Z. Conk, Z. Başbakkal, H. Bal Yılmaz, & B. Bolışık (eds.); 2nd ed.). Academician publishing house.
  • Arora, N. (2017). Menstruation in India: Ideology, politics, and capitalism. Asian Journal of Women's Studies, 23(4), 528–37. doi: 10.1080/12259276.2017.1386817
  • Behjati-ardakani, Z., Akhondi, M. M., Mahmoodzadeh, H., Hosseini, S. H. (2016). An evaluation of the historical importance of fertility and its reflection in ancient mythology. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 17(1), 2–9.
  • Bhartiya, A. (2013). Menstruation , religion and society. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 3(6), 523–527. doi: 10.7763/IJSSH.2013.V3.296
  • Boakye, P. (2010). A rite of passage among the Krobos (Master’s thesis). Norway: University of Tromsø. Çevirme, A. S., Çevirme, H., Karaoǧlu, L., Uǧurlu, N., Korkmaz, Y. (2010). The perception of menarche and menstruation among Turkish married women: Attitudes, experiences, and behaviors. Social Behavior and Personality, 38(3), 381–394. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.381
  • Fusaro, D. (2016). Menstruation in news media: The impact of media discourses on the menstrual taboo in France (Master’s thesis). Sweden: Lund University.
  • Garg, S., & Anand, T. (2015). Menstruation related myths in India: strategies for combating ititle. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 4(2), 184–186.doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.154627
  • Hamal, M., & Susma, K. C. (2014). Hygiene, health problems and socio-cultural practices: What school girls do during menstruation? International Journal of Health Sciences & Research, 284(4), 28–33.
  • Hotun Şahin, N. (2015). Reproductive organ anatomy / physiology. In women's health and diseases for nurses and midwives, edited by N. Kızılkaya Beji. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstores.
  • Johnston-Robledo, I., Chrisler, J. C. (2013). The menstrual mark: Menstruation as social stigma. Sex Roles, 68(1–2), 9–18. doi: 10.1007/s11199-011-0052-z
  • Kaundal, M., Thakur, B. (2017). A dialogue on menstrual taboo. Indian Journal of Community Health 26(2), 192-5.
  • Lamborn, A. M. (2017). It’s about ‘that time’ to break the cycle: A rhetorical analysis of challenging menstrual taboos (Master’s thesis). Abilene (Teksas): Abilene Christian University.
  • Maniar, A., Mehta, S. (2017). Menstrual hygiene practices : Myths and taboo. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 7(12), 93–101.
  • Manica, T., Rios, C. (2017). (In) visible Blood: Menstrual performances and body art. Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology, 14(1), 124–148.
  • Ott, M. F., Vannelli, M. (2018). Impure blood: The menstrual taboo in the Christian church during the thirteenth century. Young Historians Conference. Portland State University.
  • Padmanabhanunni, A., Jaffer, L., Steenkamp, J. (2018). Menstruation experiences of South African women belonging to the ama-Xhosa ethnic group. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 1058, 1–11. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2017.1371335
  • Patil, R., Agarwal, L., Khan, M. I., Gupta, S. K., Raghavia, M., Mittal, A. (2011). Beliefs about menstruation: A study from rural. Pondicherry, 2(1), 23–26.
  • Polat, F., Aylaz, R. (2020). Supporting physical exercise for the management of women in menopause period based on Pender’s Health Improvement Model. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School, 8(1), 150–161. doi: 10.33715/inonusaglik.655871
  • Sakar, T., Özkan, H., Saraç, M.N., Atabey, K., Nazbak, M. (2015). Cultural behaviors and practices of students during menstruation. The Journal of Turkish Family Physician, 6(3), 114-123.
  • Seven, R. (2018). Melancholia in ancient mythology. Iğdır Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 11, 31–53.
  • Spadaro, G., d’Elia, S. R. G., Mosso, C. O. (2018). Menstrual Knowledge And Taboo TV Commercials: Effects on self-objectification among Italian and Swedish women. Sex Roles, 78(9–10), 685–696. doi: 10.1007/s11199-017-0825-0
  • Tan, D. A., Haththotuwa, R., Fraser, I. S. (2017). Cultural aspects and mythologies surrounding menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 40, 121–133. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.09.015
  • Tingle, C Vora, S. (2018). Break the barriers: Girls’ experiences of menstruation in the UK. Plan Int UK. Erişim Tarihi: 09.12.2020, https://plan-uk.org/file/plan-uk-break-the-barriers-report-032018pdf/download?token=Fs-HYP3v.
  • Turkey National Pediatric Association. (2014). Diagnosis and treatment guidelines in child health and diseases 4. https://millipediatri.org.tr/menu/klavuzlar-131
  • Turkish Language Association. (2020). Taboo. Erişim Tarihi: 12.12.2020 https://sozluk.gov.tr/. UNESCO. (2014). Puberty Education & Menstrual Hygiene Management. Erişim Tarihi: 16.12.2020, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000226792?fbclid=IwAR2LSjFK9lXvcdrbYA5Yd9RhB3udkrWupxQNMOjmET8yWGT1kUA02nctEek.
  • Varghese, M. M., James, S., Ravichandran, L., Sivaprakasam, E., Palaniyandi, A., Balaji, S. (2015). Religious restrictions and cultural taboos related to menstruation in adolescent girls: A school-based cross-sectional observational study. Indian Journal of Child Health, 02(04), 161–164. doi: 10.32677/ijch.2015.v02.i04.005
  • Walker, B. (2010). Man made god-a collection of essays. 1st ed. Seattle (USA): Stellar House Publishing.
  • Wang, M. (2018). The Heartside: The visual communication design of engaging with young women to address menstrual taboos. Auckland (New Zeland): Auckland University.
  • Webster, S. B. (2017). Abiç, Arzu and D. Vefikuluçay Yılmaz. (2020). The Effect of Yoga on Menopause Symptoms. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 3(2), 217–23.

The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women's Health

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 76 - 81, 22.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246

Abstract

Menstrual bleeding and menstruation process is a physiological process that a woman experiences as monthly periods throughout her life as of the pubertal period, and it is seen as a taboo in many societies and is not talked about. In our study, we aimed to compile the attitudes and practices towards menstrual bleeding from past to present. While menstrual bleeding was considered sacred in some cultures in past cultures; in some, it has been a topic that is ashamed and cannot be talked about. In present days, due to the cultural taboos against menstruation, there is a lack of information about these issues and this affects reproductive health negatively. Menstrual hygiene information and education should be organized to eliminate incomplete and wrong menstrual practices, and this education should constitute an important part of health education.

References

  • Abiç, A., Vefikuluçay Yılmaz, D. (2020). The effect of yoga on menopause symptoms. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 3(2), 217–223. doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72295
  • Ali, T. S., Rizvi, S. N. (2010). Menstrual knowledge and practices of female adolescents in urban Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of Adolescence, 33(4), 531–541. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.013
  • Arıkan, D., Çelebioğlu, A., Güdücü Tüfekçi, F. (2013). Growth and development in pediatric nursing in childhood (Z. Conk, Z. Başbakkal, H. Bal Yılmaz, & B. Bolışık (eds.); 2nd ed.). Academician publishing house.
  • Arora, N. (2017). Menstruation in India: Ideology, politics, and capitalism. Asian Journal of Women's Studies, 23(4), 528–37. doi: 10.1080/12259276.2017.1386817
  • Behjati-ardakani, Z., Akhondi, M. M., Mahmoodzadeh, H., Hosseini, S. H. (2016). An evaluation of the historical importance of fertility and its reflection in ancient mythology. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 17(1), 2–9.
  • Bhartiya, A. (2013). Menstruation , religion and society. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 3(6), 523–527. doi: 10.7763/IJSSH.2013.V3.296
  • Boakye, P. (2010). A rite of passage among the Krobos (Master’s thesis). Norway: University of Tromsø. Çevirme, A. S., Çevirme, H., Karaoǧlu, L., Uǧurlu, N., Korkmaz, Y. (2010). The perception of menarche and menstruation among Turkish married women: Attitudes, experiences, and behaviors. Social Behavior and Personality, 38(3), 381–394. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.381
  • Fusaro, D. (2016). Menstruation in news media: The impact of media discourses on the menstrual taboo in France (Master’s thesis). Sweden: Lund University.
  • Garg, S., & Anand, T. (2015). Menstruation related myths in India: strategies for combating ititle. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 4(2), 184–186.doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.154627
  • Hamal, M., & Susma, K. C. (2014). Hygiene, health problems and socio-cultural practices: What school girls do during menstruation? International Journal of Health Sciences & Research, 284(4), 28–33.
  • Hotun Şahin, N. (2015). Reproductive organ anatomy / physiology. In women's health and diseases for nurses and midwives, edited by N. Kızılkaya Beji. İstanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstores.
  • Johnston-Robledo, I., Chrisler, J. C. (2013). The menstrual mark: Menstruation as social stigma. Sex Roles, 68(1–2), 9–18. doi: 10.1007/s11199-011-0052-z
  • Kaundal, M., Thakur, B. (2017). A dialogue on menstrual taboo. Indian Journal of Community Health 26(2), 192-5.
  • Lamborn, A. M. (2017). It’s about ‘that time’ to break the cycle: A rhetorical analysis of challenging menstrual taboos (Master’s thesis). Abilene (Teksas): Abilene Christian University.
  • Maniar, A., Mehta, S. (2017). Menstrual hygiene practices : Myths and taboo. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 7(12), 93–101.
  • Manica, T., Rios, C. (2017). (In) visible Blood: Menstrual performances and body art. Vibrant Virtual Brazilian Anthropology, 14(1), 124–148.
  • Ott, M. F., Vannelli, M. (2018). Impure blood: The menstrual taboo in the Christian church during the thirteenth century. Young Historians Conference. Portland State University.
  • Padmanabhanunni, A., Jaffer, L., Steenkamp, J. (2018). Menstruation experiences of South African women belonging to the ama-Xhosa ethnic group. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 1058, 1–11. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2017.1371335
  • Patil, R., Agarwal, L., Khan, M. I., Gupta, S. K., Raghavia, M., Mittal, A. (2011). Beliefs about menstruation: A study from rural. Pondicherry, 2(1), 23–26.
  • Polat, F., Aylaz, R. (2020). Supporting physical exercise for the management of women in menopause period based on Pender’s Health Improvement Model. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School, 8(1), 150–161. doi: 10.33715/inonusaglik.655871
  • Sakar, T., Özkan, H., Saraç, M.N., Atabey, K., Nazbak, M. (2015). Cultural behaviors and practices of students during menstruation. The Journal of Turkish Family Physician, 6(3), 114-123.
  • Seven, R. (2018). Melancholia in ancient mythology. Iğdır Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 11, 31–53.
  • Spadaro, G., d’Elia, S. R. G., Mosso, C. O. (2018). Menstrual Knowledge And Taboo TV Commercials: Effects on self-objectification among Italian and Swedish women. Sex Roles, 78(9–10), 685–696. doi: 10.1007/s11199-017-0825-0
  • Tan, D. A., Haththotuwa, R., Fraser, I. S. (2017). Cultural aspects and mythologies surrounding menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding. Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 40, 121–133. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.09.015
  • Tingle, C Vora, S. (2018). Break the barriers: Girls’ experiences of menstruation in the UK. Plan Int UK. Erişim Tarihi: 09.12.2020, https://plan-uk.org/file/plan-uk-break-the-barriers-report-032018pdf/download?token=Fs-HYP3v.
  • Turkey National Pediatric Association. (2014). Diagnosis and treatment guidelines in child health and diseases 4. https://millipediatri.org.tr/menu/klavuzlar-131
  • Turkish Language Association. (2020). Taboo. Erişim Tarihi: 12.12.2020 https://sozluk.gov.tr/. UNESCO. (2014). Puberty Education & Menstrual Hygiene Management. Erişim Tarihi: 16.12.2020, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000226792?fbclid=IwAR2LSjFK9lXvcdrbYA5Yd9RhB3udkrWupxQNMOjmET8yWGT1kUA02nctEek.
  • Varghese, M. M., James, S., Ravichandran, L., Sivaprakasam, E., Palaniyandi, A., Balaji, S. (2015). Religious restrictions and cultural taboos related to menstruation in adolescent girls: A school-based cross-sectional observational study. Indian Journal of Child Health, 02(04), 161–164. doi: 10.32677/ijch.2015.v02.i04.005
  • Walker, B. (2010). Man made god-a collection of essays. 1st ed. Seattle (USA): Stellar House Publishing.
  • Wang, M. (2018). The Heartside: The visual communication design of engaging with young women to address menstrual taboos. Auckland (New Zeland): Auckland University.
  • Webster, S. B. (2017). Abiç, Arzu and D. Vefikuluçay Yılmaz. (2020). The Effect of Yoga on Menopause Symptoms. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 3(2), 217–23.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors

Suzi Özdemir 0000-0003-2437-9169

Ayşegül Şimşek 0000-0002-2166-1778

Publication Date April 22, 2022
Submission Date November 25, 2021
Acceptance Date February 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özdemir, S., & Şimşek, A. (2022). The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246
AMA Özdemir S, Şimşek A. The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. April 2022;4(1):76-81. doi:10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246
Chicago Özdemir, Suzi, and Ayşegül Şimşek. “The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4, no. 1 (April 2022): 76-81. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246.
EndNote Özdemir S, Şimşek A (April 1, 2022) The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4 1 76–81.
IEEE S. Özdemir and A. Şimşek, “The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health”, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 76–81, 2022, doi: 10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246.
ISNAD Özdemir, Suzi - Şimşek, Ayşegül. “The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4/1 (April 2022), 76-81. https://doi.org/10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246.
JAMA Özdemir S, Şimşek A. The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2022;4:76–81.
MLA Özdemir, Suzi and Ayşegül Şimşek. “The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health”. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 1, 2022, pp. 76-81, doi:10.46413/boneyusbad.1028246.
Vancouver Özdemir S, Şimşek A. The Effect of Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Menstrual Bleeding on Women’s Health. Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2022;4(1):76-81.

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