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Autoclave processing and sintering of ZrB2-ZrO2 powders and investigation of microstructural and some mechanical properties of bulk products

Year 2017, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 16.03.2017

Abstract

In this study, the production of ZrB2-ZrO2 powders and
their sintered bodies was aimed by utilizing
mechanical activation assisted autoclave process
and pressureless sintering (PS) or spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. ZrCl4,
B2O3 and Mg powders were used as starting materials and
the powder mixtures were mechanically activated for 5 min by using high energy
ball milling system. Mechanically activated powders were heated in an autoclave
at 450°C for 12 h and subsequently purified by HCl leaching. Pure powders were
consolidated by PS (1700°C, 6 h) and SPS (1700°C, 60 MPa, 15 min) to obtain the
bulk samples. Characterization studies of the powders and sintered products involve
the XRD, SEM, SM, OM techniques, particle size and Archimedes density
measurements, microhardness and wear tests. Synthesized powders comprise of ZrB2
and ZrO2 phases with 78.5 % wt. ZrB2 content and have an
average particle size of 203 nm. The bulk samples produced by PS and SPS
techniques have relative densities of 92.8 % and 99.3 %, respectively and the
microhardness reaches to the value of 12.6 GPa. The bulk sample fabricated by
SPS technique having a wear volume loss of
8,52 ´ 10-3 mm3
reveals a smooth wear track
instead of micro-grooves along the sliding direction. 

References

  • Riedel R., Handbook of Ceramic Hard Metarials (Vol. 1). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2000.
  • Franke P., Neuschütz D., “B-Zr (Boron-Zirconium)”, Landolt-Börnstein-Group IV Physical Chemistry, 19B5, 1-4 2007.
  • Fahrenholtz W. G., Hilmas G. E., Refractory diborides of zirconium and hafnium, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 90, 1347-1364, 2007.
  • Chamberlain A. L., Fahrenholtz W. G., Hilmas G. E., Ellerby D. T., High-strength zirconium diboride-based ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 87, 1170-1172, 2004.
  • Monteverde F., Bellosi A., Scatteia L, Processing and properties of ultra-high temperature ceramics for space applications Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 485, 415-421, 2008.
  • Shein I. R., Ivanovskii A. L., Band structure of ZrB2, VB2, NbB2, and TaB2 hexagonal diborides: Comparison with superconducting MgB2, Phys. Solid State, 44, 1833-1839, 2002.
  • Shein I. R., Medvedeva N. I., Ivanovskii A. L., Effect of metal vacancies on the band structure of Nb, Zr and Y diborides, Phys. Solid State, 45, 1617-1621, 2003.
  • Guo S., Densification of ZrB2-based composites and their mechanical and physical properties: A review, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 29, 995-1011, 2009.
  • Zhang G., Guo W., Ni D., Kan Y., Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics (Uhtcs) Based on ZrB2 and HfB2 Systems: Powder Synthesis, Densification and Mechanical Properties, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 176, 2009.
  • Qiu H. Y., Guo W. M., Zou J., Zhang G. J., ZrB2 powders prepared by boro/carbothermal reduction of ZrO2: The effects of carbon source and reaction atmosphere, Powder Technol., 217, 462-466, 2012.

Otoklavda sentezlenen ZrB2-ZrO2 tozlarının farklı tekniklerle sinterlenmesi ve yığın yapıların mikroyapısal ve bazı mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 16.03.2017

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, ZrB2-ZrO2 tozlarının ve sinter ürünlerinin,
mekanik aktivasyon destekli otoklavda sentezleme ve basınçsız sinterleme (PS)
veya spark plazma sinterleme (SPS) teknikleri kullanılarak üretimi
amaçlanmıştır. Hammadde olarak ZrCl4, B2O3 ve
Mg kullanılmış olup, toz karışımları yüksek enerjili öğütme sisteminde 5 dk
süre ile mekanik olarak aktive edilmiştir. Mekanik olarak aktive edilmiş toz
karışımları, 450
°C’de
12 sa süre ile otoklavda reaksiyona tabi tutulmuş ve ardından HCl çözeltisi ile
liç işlemi uygulanarak saflaştırılmıştır. Saf tozlar, basınçsız sinterleme
(1700°C, 6 sa) ve spark plazma sinterleme (1700°C, 60 MPa, 15 dk) yöntemleriyle
yığın yapıya getirilmiştir. Elde edilen toz ve sinter ürünlerin
karakterizasyonu, XRD, SEM, SM, OM, partikül boyutu, Arşimet yoğunluk ölçümü,
mikrosertlik ve aşınma testi çalışmalarını kapsamaktadır. Elde edilen tozlar,
ağırlıkça % 78,5 ZrB2 fazı ihtiva eden ZrB2-ZrO2
tozları olup hiçbir empürite içermemektir ve 203 nm ortalama partikül boyutuna
sahiptir. PS ve SPS metotları ile elde edilen yığın yapıdaki ürünler, sırasıyla
% 92,8 ve % 99,3 rölatif yoğunluk değerlerine sahiptir ve mikrosertlik ortalama
12,6 GPa değerine ulaşmaktadır. SPS ile elde edilen numunedeki aşınma hacimsel
kayıp 8,52
´ 10-3
mm3 olup; aşınma izi, derin oyuklar yerine malzemenin yüzeysel
olarak aşındığını göstermektedir.

References

  • Riedel R., Handbook of Ceramic Hard Metarials (Vol. 1). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2000.
  • Franke P., Neuschütz D., “B-Zr (Boron-Zirconium)”, Landolt-Börnstein-Group IV Physical Chemistry, 19B5, 1-4 2007.
  • Fahrenholtz W. G., Hilmas G. E., Refractory diborides of zirconium and hafnium, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 90, 1347-1364, 2007.
  • Chamberlain A. L., Fahrenholtz W. G., Hilmas G. E., Ellerby D. T., High-strength zirconium diboride-based ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 87, 1170-1172, 2004.
  • Monteverde F., Bellosi A., Scatteia L, Processing and properties of ultra-high temperature ceramics for space applications Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 485, 415-421, 2008.
  • Shein I. R., Ivanovskii A. L., Band structure of ZrB2, VB2, NbB2, and TaB2 hexagonal diborides: Comparison with superconducting MgB2, Phys. Solid State, 44, 1833-1839, 2002.
  • Shein I. R., Medvedeva N. I., Ivanovskii A. L., Effect of metal vacancies on the band structure of Nb, Zr and Y diborides, Phys. Solid State, 45, 1617-1621, 2003.
  • Guo S., Densification of ZrB2-based composites and their mechanical and physical properties: A review, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 29, 995-1011, 2009.
  • Zhang G., Guo W., Ni D., Kan Y., Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics (Uhtcs) Based on ZrB2 and HfB2 Systems: Powder Synthesis, Densification and Mechanical Properties, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 176, 2009.
  • Qiu H. Y., Guo W. M., Zou J., Zhang G. J., ZrB2 powders prepared by boro/carbothermal reduction of ZrO2: The effects of carbon source and reaction atmosphere, Powder Technol., 217, 462-466, 2012.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özge Balcı

Nazlı Akçamlı

Duygu Ağaoğulları

M. Lütfi Öveçoğlu

İsmail Duman

Publication Date March 16, 2017
Acceptance Date August 17, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Balcı, Ö., Akçamlı, N., Ağaoğulları, D., Öveçoğlu, M. L., et al. (2017). Autoclave processing and sintering of ZrB2-ZrO2 powders and investigation of microstructural and some mechanical properties of bulk products. Journal of Boron, 2(1), 1-10.