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ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 127 - 131, 28.06.2019

Abstract

ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmamızda anti HCV testlerinin güvenirliliğin ortaya konmasına ek olarak anti HCV testlerinin istenmesinden itibaren
test sonuçlarının takibi, yorumlanması ve doğrulama prosedürlerine ne kadar uyulduğunu da göstermeyi amaçladık.
Gereçve Yöntem: Retrospektif tanımlayıcı bir çalışma olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmada 1 Ocak 2017 ve 31 Aralık 2017 tarihleri
arasında hastanemiz tıbbi mikrobiyoloji merkez laboratuvarında çalışılan tüm anti HCV test sonuçları tarandı. Bu
hastalardan HCV RNA (PCR) ile doğrulama çalışılan olgular çalışmaya alındı. Daha önce tanı almış ve interferon veya direk
etkili ajanlar ile tedavi almış olanlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Tarama anti-HCV kemilüminesans mikropartikül immünoassay
(Abbot®, Architect System; Germany), doğrulama ise HCV RNA polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu testi (Roche® COBAS® AmpliPrep
/ COBAS® Taqman® HCV Kantitatif Testi v2.0) ile yapıldı.
Bulgular: Toplamda çalışılan 20.038 anti HCV testinde 337 pozitif sonuç saptandı. Aynı olguda birden fazla sayıda çalışılan
testler çıkarıldığında 220 anti-HCV sonucu kaldı. Bunlardan 74 tanesinin (%33.63) anti-HCV pozitif olduğu halde doğrulama
yapılmadığı, 32 tanesinin ise öncesinde kronik hepatit C tanısı ile tedavi almış veya halen tedavi almakta olan hasta olduğu
saptandı. Sonuç olarak PCR ile doğrulamaya gidilmiş 114 naif anti-HCV pozitif olgu tespit edildi. Bu olguların 78’i (%68.42)
HCV RNA negatif yani yalancı pozitif, 36’sı (%31.58) ise HCV RNA pozitif yani gerçek hastalar olarak tanımlandı. Yalancı
pozitif olgularda ortalama signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) değeri 3.24 ± 2.84 (min: 1.09, maks: 14.09) iken gerçek pozitiflerde 14.05
± 3.04 (min: 6.05, maks: 20.16) saptandı. 20038 hastadaki anti HCV seropozitiflik oranı %0.94, gerçek pozitiflik oranı ise
%0.18 olarak sonuçlandı. Gerçek pozitif olgulardan en düşüğü olan 6.05 anti-HCV değerine sahip olgu akut hepatit C idi;
bunun dışındakilerin hepsinde anti HCV değeri 8’in üzerindeydi. Anti-HCV değeri 6’nın altında olan tüm olgularda HCV RNA
değeri negatif olarak sonuçlandı ve yalancı pozitif olarak değerlendirildi.
Sonuç: Anti HCV testlerindeki yüksek yalancı pozitiflik oranları özellikle de düşük endemik ülkelerde önemli bir sorun olarak
devam etmektedir. En az bunun kadar önemli bir sorun da HCV ile ilgili tanısal bir algoritmanın klinisyenler tarafından
benimsenmemiş olduğudur. Bu konuda farkındalık oluşturmak adına daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması ve tüm
cerrahi ve dahili branşlardaki hekimlerin eğitilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Anti HCV; Architect; Yalancı pozitiflik.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: In addition to demonstrating the reliability of Architect anti-HCV tests, we also aimed to show the compliance
rates of follow-up, confirmation and interpretation procedure after planning anti-HCV tests.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, anti-HCV test results of the medical microbiology laboratory at our
hospital between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Cases with HCV RNA (PCR) were
included in the study. Patients who were previously diagnosed with HCV and treated with interferon or direct active agents
were excluded from the study. Screening was performed by anti-HCV chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay
(Abbot®, Architect System; Germany), and confirmation was performed by HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction test
(Roche® COBAS® AmpliPrep / COBAS® Taqman® HCV Quantitative Test v2.0).
Results: There were 337 positive results in 20,038 anti-HCV tests. After removing duplicating test results, 220 positive
anti-HCV results remained. Of these, 74 (33.63%) were not tested for confirmation although they were found to be anti-
HCV positive, and 32 cases had been previously treated for chronic hepatitis C or were still on treatment. Finally, we had
114 naive anti-HCV positive cases that were tested for HCV RNA. 78 of these cases (68.42%) were found to be HCV RNA
negative and concluded as false positive. Thirty-six cases (31.58%) were HCV RNA positive and were diagnosed as chronic
active HCV. Mean signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratio was found to be 3.24 ± 2.84 (min: 1.09, max: 14.09) in false positive cases
and 14.05 ± 3.04 (min: 6.05, max: 20.16) in true positive cases. The anti-HCV seropositivity rate in 20.038 patients was
0.94% and the true HCV positivity rate was 0.18%. The case with anti-HCV value of 6.05 was diagnosed as acute hepatitis
C, the lowest S/CO rate was 8 among the rest of the true positive cases. HCV RNA was negative in all cases with anti-HCV
S/CO ratio below 6 and these cases were concluded as false positive.
Conclusion: False positivity remains as an important problem in Architect anti-HCV tests, especially in low endemic
countries like Turkey. In addition, one of the most important problems is that a diagnostic algorithm related to HCV is
not adopted by clinicians. It is crucial to create awareness among clinicians by educating them and by the regulations in
hospital information systems.
Key Words: Anti HCV; Architect; False positivity.

References

  • 1. Omata M, Kanda T, Wei L, Yu M-L, Chuang W-L, Ibrahim A, et al. APASL consensus statements and recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing. Hepatology international. 2016;10(5):681-701. 2. Pawlotsky JM, Negro F, Aghemo A, Berenguer M, Dalgard O, Dusheiko G et al. EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C 2018. J Hepatol. 2018 Aug;69(2):461-511. 3. Kamili S, Drobeniuc J, Araujo AC, Hayden TM. Laboratory diagnostics for hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;55 Suppl 1:S43-8. 4. Tozun N, Ozdogan O, Cakaloglu Y, Idilman R, Karasu Z, Akarca U, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections and risk factors in Turkey: a fieldwork TURHEP study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2015;21(11):1020-6. 5. Grad R, Thombs BD, Tonelli M et al. Recommendations on hepatitis C screening for adults. CMAJ. 2017 Apr 24; 189(16): E594–604. 6. European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2014 Feb;60(2):392-420. 7. Architect system Anti HCV, Abbott Laboratories; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf5/P050042c.pdf 8. Kuhnert WL. Department of Health and Human Services; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/pdfs/architectletter_5-24-07.pdf 9. Centers for Diseases and Prevention. Signal-to-Cut–Off Ratios for Commercially Available Assays; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/labtesting.htm 10. Altuğlu İ, Gürsel D, Aksoy A, Orman M, Erensoy S. Anti-HCV sinyal/eşik değer oranının Hepatit C virüs enfeksiyonu tanısında rolü ve önemi. Ege Tıp Dergisi 2011;50(4): 223-8.
Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 127 - 131, 28.06.2019

Abstract

References

  • 1. Omata M, Kanda T, Wei L, Yu M-L, Chuang W-L, Ibrahim A, et al. APASL consensus statements and recommendations for hepatitis C prevention, epidemiology, and laboratory testing. Hepatology international. 2016;10(5):681-701. 2. Pawlotsky JM, Negro F, Aghemo A, Berenguer M, Dalgard O, Dusheiko G et al. EASL recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C 2018. J Hepatol. 2018 Aug;69(2):461-511. 3. Kamili S, Drobeniuc J, Araujo AC, Hayden TM. Laboratory diagnostics for hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;55 Suppl 1:S43-8. 4. Tozun N, Ozdogan O, Cakaloglu Y, Idilman R, Karasu Z, Akarca U, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections and risk factors in Turkey: a fieldwork TURHEP study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2015;21(11):1020-6. 5. Grad R, Thombs BD, Tonelli M et al. Recommendations on hepatitis C screening for adults. CMAJ. 2017 Apr 24; 189(16): E594–604. 6. European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2014 Feb;60(2):392-420. 7. Architect system Anti HCV, Abbott Laboratories; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf5/P050042c.pdf 8. Kuhnert WL. Department of Health and Human Services; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/pdfs/architectletter_5-24-07.pdf 9. Centers for Diseases and Prevention. Signal-to-Cut–Off Ratios for Commercially Available Assays; [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/labtesting.htm 10. Altuğlu İ, Gürsel D, Aksoy A, Orman M, Erensoy S. Anti-HCV sinyal/eşik değer oranının Hepatit C virüs enfeksiyonu tanısında rolü ve önemi. Ege Tıp Dergisi 2011;50(4): 223-8.
There are 1 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Ercan Yenilmez

Rıza Aytaç Çetinkaya This is me

Burak Sarıkaya This is me

Sinem Akkaya Işık This is me

Orhan Baylan This is me

Levent Görenek This is me

Publication Date June 28, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yenilmez, E., Çetinkaya, R. A., Sarıkaya, B., Akkaya Işık, S., et al. (2019). ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 9(2), 127-131.
AMA Yenilmez E, Çetinkaya RA, Sarıkaya B, Akkaya Işık S, Baylan O, Görenek L. ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. June 2019;9(2):127-131.
Chicago Yenilmez, Ercan, Rıza Aytaç Çetinkaya, Burak Sarıkaya, Sinem Akkaya Işık, Orhan Baylan, and Levent Görenek. “ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 9, no. 2 (June 2019): 127-31.
EndNote Yenilmez E, Çetinkaya RA, Sarıkaya B, Akkaya Işık S, Baylan O, Görenek L (June 1, 2019) ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 9 2 127–131.
IEEE E. Yenilmez, R. A. Çetinkaya, B. Sarıkaya, S. Akkaya Işık, O. Baylan, and L. Görenek, “ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population”, Bozok Tıp Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 127–131, 2019.
ISNAD Yenilmez, Ercan et al. “ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 9/2 (June 2019), 127-131.
JAMA Yenilmez E, Çetinkaya RA, Sarıkaya B, Akkaya Işık S, Baylan O, Görenek L. ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2019;9:127–131.
MLA Yenilmez, Ercan et al. “ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, 2019, pp. 127-31.
Vancouver Yenilmez E, Çetinkaya RA, Sarıkaya B, Akkaya Işık S, Baylan O, Görenek L. ARCHİTECT ANTİ HCV TESTİNİN DÜŞÜK RİSKLİ POPÜLASYONDAKİ TANISAL GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ Diagnostic Reliability of Architect Anti Hcv Tests in a Low-Risk Population. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2019;9(2):127-31.
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