Elektrokemoterapi ve Veteriner Hekimlikte Kullanım Alanları

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 5 - 11, 30.06.2022

Ülfet Tandoğan , Duygu Tarhan Banu Dokuzeylül , Alev Meltem Ercan , M. Erman Or

Abstract

Elektrokemoterapi, doksanlı yılların başından itibaren beşeri hekimlikte kullanılmaya başlanan, son yıllarda da veteriner hekimlikte kullanılan önemli ve yeni bir lokal antitümöral tedavi yöntemidir. Elektroporasyon ile kemoterapinin birleşimi, hem kemoterapinin yüksek düzeydeki yan etkilerini minimuma indirmiş hem de elektroporasyon sayesinde, kullanılan kemoterapötik ilaçların sitotoksik etkinliğini maksimum seviyede tutmayı başarmıştır. Elektrokemoterapi uygulamaları 2006 yılından itibaren hem beşeri hekimlikte hem de veteriner hekimlikte Avrupa standartlarında belirlenmiş prosedürlere göre uygulanmaktadır. Veteriner hekimlikte elektrokemoterapi kedi, köpek, at ve son yıllarda egzotik hayvanlarda özellikle kutanöz tümörlerin tedavisinde kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Bu derlemenin amacı, elektrokemoterapinin çalışma mekanizmasını ve veteriner hekimlikte yer bulan uygulamalarını sunarak bu yeni teknik hakkında genel bir bilgi oluşmasına yardımcı olmaktır.

Keywords

Elektrokemoterapi, elektroporasyon, veteriner hekimlik

Electrochemotherapy and Areas of Usage In Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Electrochemotherapy is an important and new local antitumoral treatment method that has been used in human medicine since the beginning of the nineties and has been used in veterinary medicine in recent years. The combination of electroporation and chemotherapy both minimized the high-level side effects of chemotherapy and managed to keep the cytotoxic efficiency of the chemotherapeutic drugs used at the maximum level. Electrochemotherapy applications have been applied in both human medicine and veterinary medicine according to the procedures of European standards since 2006. In veterinary medicine, electrochemotherapy has been used in the treatment of cutaneous tumors in cats, dogs, horses and in recent years, exotic animals. The aim of this review is to give information about this new technique by presenting the working mechanism of electrochemotherapy and its applications in veterinary medicine.

Keywords

Electrochemotherapy, electroporation, veterinary medicine

References

• Kaynakça 1. Boncea, A. M., Cristea, A., Bourdeau, P. Electrochemotherapy as treatment for generalised squamous cell carcinoma in a dog. Veterinary Record Case Reports 2019; 7: 787. doi: 10.1136/vetreccr-2018-000787
• 2. Campana, L. G., Miklavčič, D., Bertino, G., Marconato, R., Valpione, S. et al. Electrochemotherapy of superficial tumors–Current status: Basic principles, operating procedures, shared indications, and emerging applications. In Seminars in oncology 2019; 46: 173-191. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.04.002
• 3. Cemazar, M., Tamzali, Y., Sersa, G., Tozon, N., Mir, L.M. et al. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology. Journal of veterinary internal medicine 2008; 22: 826-831. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0117.x
• 4. Chen, J., Ghorai, M. K., Kenney, G., Stubbe, J. Mechanistic studies on bleomycin-mediated DNA damage: multiple binding modes can result in double-stranded DNA cleavage. Nucleic acids research 2008; 36: 3781-3790. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn302
• 5. Frandsen, S. K., Gehl, J. A review on differences in effects on normal and malignant cells and tissues to electroporation-based therapies: A focus on calcium electroporation. Technology in cancer research & treatment 2018; 17. doi: 10.1177/1533033818788077
• 6. Geboers, B., Scheffer, H. J., Graybill, P. M., Ruarus, A. H., Nieuwenhuizen, S. et al. High-voltage electrical pulses in oncology: irreversible electroporation, electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, electrofusion, and electroimmunotherapy. Radiology 2020; 295: 254-272. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020192190
• 7. Gehl, J., Skovsgaard, T, Mir, L. L. Enhancement of cytotoxicity by electropermeabilization: an improved method for screening drugs. Anti Cancer Drugs-International Journal on Toxic and Non Toxic Anti Cancer Agents 1998; 9: 319-326. doi: 10.1097/00001813-199804000-00005
• 8. Gehl, J., Sersa, G., Matthiessen, L. W., Muir, T., Soden, D. et al. Updated standard operating procedures for electrochemotherapy of cutaneous tumours and skin metastases. Acta Oncologica 2018; 57: 874-882. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2018.1454602
• 9. Hamilton, W. A., Sale, A. J. H. Effects of high electric fields on microorganisms: II. Mechanism of action of the lethal effect. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects 1967; 148: 789-800. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(67)90053-0
• 10. Kanthou, C., Kranjc, S., Sersa, G., Tozer, G., Zupanic, A. et al. The endothelial cytoskeleton as a target of electroporation-based therapies. Molecular cancer therapeutics 2006; 5: 3145-3152. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0410
• 11. Kodre, V., Cemazar, M., Pecar, J., Sersa, G., Cör, A. et al. Electrochemotherapy compared to surgery for treatment of canine mast cell tumours. In vivo 2009; 23: 55-62. 12. Kotnik, T., Miklavčič, D. Theoretical evaluation of voltage inducement on internal membranes of biological cells exposed to electric fields. Biophysical journal 2006; 90: 480-491. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.105.070771
• 13. Miklavčič, D., Serša, G., Brecelj, E., Gehl, J., Soden, D. et al. Electrochemotherapy: technological advancements for efficient electroporation-based treatment of internal tumors. Medical & biological engineering & computing 2012; 50: 1213-1225. doi: 10.1007/s11517-012-0991-8
• 14. Mir, L. M., Gehl, J., Sersa, G., Collins, C. G., Garbay, J. R. et al. Standard operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy: Instructions for the use of bleomycin or cisplatin administered either systemically or locally and electric pulses delivered by the CliniporatorTM by means of invasive or non-invasive electrodes. European Journal of Cancer Supplements 2006; 4: 14-25. doi:10.1016/j.ejcsup.2006.08.003
• 15. Neumann, E., Rosenheck, K. Permeability changes induced by electric impulses in vesicular membranes. The Journal of membrane biology 1972; 10: 279-290. doi: 10.1007/BF01867861
• 16. Probst, U., Fuhrmann, I., Beyer, L., Wiggermann, P. Electrochemotherapy as a new modality in interventional oncology: a review. Technology in cancer research & treatment 2018; 17. doi: 10.1177/1533033818785329
• 17. Rangel, M. M., Luz, J., Oliveira, K. D., Ojeda, J., Freytag, J. O. et al. Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of neoplasms in dogs and cats. Austral journal of veterinary sciences 2019; 51: 45-51. doi: 10.4067/S0719-81322019000200045
• 18. Simcic, P., Pierini, A., Lubas, G., Lowe, R., Granziera, V. et al. A Retrospective Multicentric Study of Electrochemotherapy in the Treatment of Feline Nasal Planum Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Veterinary Sciences 2021; 8: 53. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8030053
• 19. Spugnini, E. P., Vincenzi, B., Baldi, F., Citro, G., Baldi, A. Adjuvant electrochemotherapy for the treatment of incompletely resected canine mast cell tumors. Anticancer research 2006; 26: 4585-4589.
• 20. Spugnini, E. P., Baldi, A., Vincenzi, B., Bongiorni, F., Bellelli, C. et al. Intraoperative versus postoperative electrochemotherapy in high grade soft tissue sarcomas: a preliminary study in a spontaneous feline model. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 2007; 59: 375-381. doi: 10.1007/s00280-006-0281-y
• 21. Spugnini, E. P., Vincenzi, B., Betti, G., Cordahi, F., Dotsinsky, I. et al. Surgery and electrochemotherapy of a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma in a dog. The Veterinary Record 2008; 162: 186. doi: 10.1136/vr.162.6.186
• 22. Spugnini, E. P., D'Alterio, G. L., Dotsinsky, I., Mudrov, T., Dragonetti, E. et al. Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of multiple melanomas in a horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2011; 31: 430-433. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.01.009
• 23. Spugnini, E. P., Baldi, A. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology: from rescue to first line therapy in Electroporation Protocols: Preclinical and Clinical Gene Medicine, Part of the Methods in Molecular Biology, Humana Press, New York, NY 2014;p. 247-256. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9632-8_22
• 24. Spugnini, E. P., Baldi, A. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology: state-of-the-art and perspectives. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice 2019; 49: 967-979. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.04.006
• 25. Spugnini, E. P., Vincenzi, B., Amadio, B., Baldi, A. Adjuvant electrochemotherapy with bleomycin and cisplatin combination for canine soft tissue sarcomas: A study of 30 cases. Open Veterinary Journal 2019; 9: 88-93. doi: 10.4314/ovj.v9i1.15
• 26. Spugnini, E. P., Vincenzi, B., Carocci, F., Bonichi, C., Menicagli, F. et al. Combination of bleomycin and cisplatin as adjuvant electrochemotherapy protocol for the treatment of incompletely excised feline injection-site sarcomas: A retrospective study. Open Veterinary Journal 2020; 10: 267-271. doi: 10.4314/ovj.v10i3.4
• 27. Spugnini, E. P., Scacco, L., Bolaffio, C., Baldi, A. Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous solid tumors in equids: A retrospective study. Open Veterinary Journal 2021; 11: 385-389. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2021.v11.i3.8
• 28. Tamzali, Y., Teissie, J., Rols, M. P. Cutaneous tumor treatment by electrochemotherapy: preliminary clinical results in horse sarcoids. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 2001; 152: 605-610.
• 29. Tamzali, Y., Borde, L., Rols, M. P., Golzio, M., Lyazrhi, F. et al. Successful treatment of equine sarcoids with cisplatin electrochemotherapy: a retrospective study of 48 cases. Equine veterinary journal 2012; 44: 214-220. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00425.x
• 30. Tozon, N., Pavlin, D., Sersa, G., Dolinsek, T., Cemazar, M. Electrochemotherapy with intravenous bleomycin injection: an observational study in superficial squamous cell carcinoma in cats. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2014; 16: 291-299. doi: 10.1177/1098612X13507071
• 31. Tozon, N., Tratar, U. L., Znidar, K., Sersa, G., Teissie, J. et al. Operating procedures of the electrochemotherapy for treatment of tumor in dogs and cats. Journal of visualized experiments 2016; 116. doi: 10.3791/54760
• 32. Yeom, S. C., Song, K. H., Seo, K. W. The application of electrochemotherapy in three dogs with inoperable cancers. Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2021; 61: 1-9. doi: 10.14405/kjvr.2021.61.e9
• 33. Zielichowska, A., Daczewska, M., Saczko, J., Michel, O., Kulbacka, J. Applications of calcium electroporation to effective apoptosis induction in fibrosarcoma cells and stimulation of normal muscle cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2016; 109: 70-78. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.01.005