The Effect of Nitrogen (Urea) and Zinc Applied in Different Doses from the Soil and Leaves on the Development, Dry Matter Amount and Mineral Content of Wheat and Corn Plants

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 60 - 67, 01.01.2023

Elif Yağanoğlu , Adil Aydın

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1084564

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of nitrogen and zinc applied in different doses (0.0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 kg N/ha and 0.0 and 2.5 ppm Zn) to the soil sample taken from Erzurum Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture Farm land on the dry matter content and mineral content of wheat and maize. It was carried out under greenhouse conditions in 96 pots (2 plants, 2 application methods, 4 nitrogen doses, 2 zinc doses and 3 replications). As a base fertilizer, it was applied to all pots before planting at doses of 1 kg P2O5/ha (TSP: 44.0% P2O5) and 1 kg K2O/ha (K2SO4: 50.0% K2O). Considering the applications, Urea and Zinc fertilizers were applied to the soil before planting in soil application, and from foliar application 5 times in every 2 weeks, starting one week after germination in foliar application. 90 days after sowing, the plants were harvested, dried, their dry weights were determined, the necessary analyzes were made and the plant mineral content was determined. According to the results obtained, nitrogen application from the soil was more effective, and the highest dry matter amount and plant height in both plants were obtained from the soil application of 1.5 kg N/ha urea and 2.5 ppm Zn. Depending on the applications, the dry matter increase is 77.5% in wheat and 80.4% in corn in application from soil. In foliar application, the dry matter increase is 11.4% in wheat and 30.6% in corn. A similar change has also emerged in plant height, the plants applied fertilizer from the soil are taller, with an average of 62.5 cm in wheat and 75.5 cm in maize. These values are on average 55.0 cm and 64.0 cm in plants applied foliar fertilizer. The mineral content of the plants applied foliar fertilizer is higher.

Keywords

Dry matter, Urea, Zinc, Dose

References

• Akman H, Topal A. 2010. Effect of different urea applications on yield, yield components and quality traits in durum wheat. Selçuk J Agri Food Sci, 24(3): 41-51.
• Aydın A, Sezen Y. 1995. Soil chemistry laboratory book. Ataturk Univ Fac Agri Course Pub No: 174, Ankara, Türkiye.
• Ayyıldız T. 1982. Nutrition problem and the situation of wheat markets in the world. J Agri Eng, 9: 102-116.
• Başlama D. 1999. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of rape seed. J Cent Res Inst Field Crops, 8(1-2): 59-67.
• Bayraklı F. 1987. Soil and plant analysis. Ondokuz Mayıs Univ Publications No: 17, Samsun, Türkiye.
• Demiralay İ. 2013. Soil physical analysis. Ataturk Univ Fac Agri Course Publications, No: 143, Erzurum, Türkiye.
• Duymuş E, Gencer M, Aydın O, Yerlikaya R, Torun MB. 2020. Effect of zinc forms and doses on dry matter yield of maize. Medit Agri Sci, 33(1): 137-143.
• Erdem H. 2011. Determination of the effects of zinc fertilization on yield and quality of silage corn varieties. J Agri Fac Gaziosmanpasa Univ, 28(2): 199-206.
• Gree GW, Hortage KH. 1986. Particle-size analysis. Methods of soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Minerological Methods Second Edition. Agronomy, 9: 383-441.
• Güçdemir İH, Türker U, Karabulut A, Usul M, Bozkurt M, Arcak Ç. 2008. Variable rate fertilizer applications using precision agricultural techniques in corn farming in Cukurova. 4th National Plant Nutrition and Fertilization Congress, October 8-10, 2008, Konya, Türkiye, pp: 116-125.
• Güzel N, Gülüt YK, Büyük G. 2002. Soil fertility and fertilizers textbook. CU Fac Agri General Publication, No: 246, Adana, Türkiye.
• Kacar B. 1972. Chemical analysis of plant and soil II. Plant analysis. Ankara Univ Publication No: 453, Faculty of Agriculture Practice Manual 155, Ankara, Türkiye.
• Karaca S, Çimrin KM. 2002. Effects of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the yield and quality of the common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture. Yuzuncu Yil Univ J Agri Sci, 12: 47-52.
• Kızılgöz İ, Sakin E. 2011. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer varieties given to clay rich soils with low zinc and boron levels on dry matter, B and Zn content of wheat and corn. Agri Eng, (356): 58-60.
• Lindsay WL, Norvell WA. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci Soc Amer Proc, 42: 421-428.
• McLean EO. 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement. Methods of soil analysis part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties second edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 199-224.
• Nazar H. 2012. Determination on the influence of different nutrient included foliar fertilizers on yield, yield components and some quality characteristics on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). MSc Thesis, Adnan Menderes University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydın, Türkiye, pp: 71.
• Nelson DW, Sommers LE. 1982. Organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties Second Edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 574-579.
• Nelson RE. 1982. Carbonate and gypsum. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties Second Edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 191-197.
• Olsen SR, Sommers LE. 1982. Phosphorus. Meyhods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties Second Edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 403-427.
• Polat E, Öztürk K, Kara T. 2007. The effects of nitrogenous fertilizer forms and application times on tuber yield and tuber size of potato. J Tekirdag Agri Facy, 4(2): 127-135.
• Rhoades JD. 1982. Cation exchange capacity. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties Second Edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 149-157.
• Rhoades JD. 1996. Salinity: Electrical Conductivity and Dissolved Soilds. In: Methods of Soil Analysis Part III. Chemical Methods 2 Edition. Agronamy, 9(2): 417-436.
• Söğüt T. 2005. The effect of inoculation and nitrogen application on yield and yield components of soybean cultivars. Medit Agri Sci, 18(2): 213-218.
• Taban S, Alpaslan M. 1996. The effects of zinc fertilization on zinc, iron, copper, manganese and chlorophyll contents of maize. Pamukkale Univ J Eng Sci, 2(1): 69-73.
• Torun AA, Duymuş E, Erdem H, Torun MB. 2019. Effects of Zn applications on dry matter yield and mineral nutrient uptake of corn and wheat crops in two different regions of soils with zinc deficiency. Turkish J Agri-Food Sci Tech, 7(9): 1382-1386.
• TUIK. 2015. Turkish Statistical Institute Data.