Effects of Salicylic Acid Seed Priming on Germination of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Exposed to Salt Stress

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 280 - 286, 15.05.2024

Gizem Kamçı , Behiye Tuba Bicer , Fatma Başdemir

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1457657

Abstract

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is an essential crop globally, particularly in Türkiye, West Asia, Southern Europe, India, and Africa. Lentil is a valuable food source, rich in proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. However, lentil production faces challenges due to salinity stress, which hampers water uptake and causes toxic effects on plants. The study aimed to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) seed priming and varying salt (NaCl) concentrations on the germination and development of lentil seeds. The research was conducted in the Field Crops Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Dicle, Faculty of Agriculture, Türkiye. In the research, control, two salt (NaCl), four salicylic acid (SA) doses and their combinations were used on Lens culinaris variety called İlke. Germination percentage, energy, rate index, mean germination time, peak value, and vigor index were calculated. The results demonstrated that SA had a significant impact on improving lentil germination under salt stress conditions. Specifically, lower concentrations of NaCl combined with SA showed positive effects on germination and growth parameters compared to higher NaCl concentrations. The highest germination percentage, energy, and rate index values were in the control and 0.25 SA dose treatment. Salicylic acid doses under 50 NaCl concentration exhibited higher germination percentage, energy, and rate index values than under 100 NaCl. Increasing SA and salt doses negatively affected lentil seed germination. This finding is significant for lentil cultivation in salt-affected areas, offering a potential strategy to improve crop resilience and yield in challenging environmental conditions.

Keywords

Lentil, Lens culinaris Medik., Salt stress, Salicylic acid, Germination

References

• Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Tawaha M, Latief A, Al-Ghzawi ALA. 2013. Effect of chitosan coating on seed germination and salt tolerance of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.). ROC, 14(2): 489-491.
• Altuner F, Oral E, Baran İ. 2022. Determination of the effects of salt (NaCl) stress on germination in some barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. JOTAF, 19(1): 39-50.
• Anaya F, Pelagio-Flores R, López-Gómez M. 2018. Salt stress affects germination and early seedling growth of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Agronomy, 8(11): 272.
• Choudhary S, Zehra A, Mukarram M, Wani KI, Naeem M, Khan MMA, Aftab T. 2021. Salicylic acid-mediated alleviation of soil boron toxicity in Mentha arvensis and Cymbopogon flexuosus: Growth, antioxidant responses, essential oil contents and components. Chemosphere, 276: 130153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130153
• Doruk Kahraman N, Topal A. 2024. Tuz stresine maruz kalan makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde tohum çimlenmesinin fizyolojik göstergelerindeki farklılıklar. Mustafa Kemal Üniv Tar Bil Derg, 29(1): 148-157. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1385772
• Ekmekçi E, Apan M, Kara T. 2005. The effect of salinity on plant growth. OMU J Fac of Agric, 20(3): 118-125.
• El-Tayeb MA. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive e.ect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regul, 45: 215-224.
• Fallahi HR, Fadaeian G, Gholami M, Daneshkhah O, Hosseini FS, Aghhavani-Shajari M, Samadzadeh A. 2015. Germination response of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and arugula (Eruca sativa L.) to osmotic and salinity stress. Plant Breed Seed Sci, 71: 97-108.
• FAO. 2019. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL. (accessed date: March 1, 2024).
• Farooq M, Gogoi N, Hussain M,Barthakur S, Paul S, Bharadwaj N, Migdadi HM, Alghamdi SS, Siddique KHM. 2017. Effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes. Plant Physiol Biochem, 118: 199-217.
• Foolad MR, Lin GY. 1997. Genetic potential for salt tolerance during germination in Lycopersicon species. Hortscience, 32: 296-300.
• Georgieva M, Vassileva V. 2023. Stress management in plants: examining provisional and unique dose-dependent responses. Int J Mol Sci, 24(6): 5105. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065105
• Gheidary S, Akhzari D, Pessarakli M. 2017. Effects of salinity, drought, and priming treatments on seed germination and growth parameters of Lathyrus sativus L. J Plant Nutr, 40 (10): 1507-1514.
• Guo W, Xing Y, Luo X, Li F, Ren M, Liang Y. 2023. Reactive oxygen species: a crosslink between plant and human eukaryotic cell systems. Int J Mol Sci, 24(17): 13052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713052
• Haileselasie TH, Gselasie B. 2012. The effect of salinity (NaCl) on germination of selected grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) landraces of tigray. Asian J Agric Sci, 4(2): 96-101.
• Idrees M, Naeem M, Aftab T, Khan M. 2011. Salicylic acid mitigates salinity stress by improving antioxidant defence system and enhances vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids production in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don). Acta Physiol Plant, 33(3): 987-999.
• Jain A, Srivastava HS. 1981. Effect of salicylic acid on nitrate reductase activity in maize seedlings. Physiol Plant, 51: 339-342
• Jha TB, Halder M. 2016. Searching chromosomal landmarks in Indian lentils through EMA-based Giemsa staining method. Protoplasma, 253(5): 1223-1231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0873-7
• Kaydan D, Yagmur M, Okut N. 2007. Effects of salicylic acid on the growth and some physiological characters in salt stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JAS, 13:114-119.
• Kaydan D, Yağmur M. 2006. Effects of different salicylic acid doses and treatments on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) yield and yield components. JAS, 12(03): 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_0000000463
• Khodary SEA. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. Int J Agric Biol, 6(1): 5-8.
• Ladizinsky G. 1979. The origin of lentil and its wild genepool. Euphytica, 28(1): 179-187.
• Lee S, Kim SG, Park CM. 2010. Salicylic acid promotes seed germination under high salinity by modulating antioxidant activity in arabidopsis. New Phytol, 188: 626-637.
• Mahdavi B, Sanavy SAMM. 2007. Germination and seedling growth in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) Cultivars under salinty conditions. Pak J Biol Sci, 10 (2): 273-279.
• Migliozzi M, Thavarajah D, Thavarajah P, Smith P. 2015. Lentil and kale: complementary nutrient-rich whole food sources to combat micronutrient and calorie malnutrition. Nutrients, 7(11): 9285-9298. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7115471
• Munns R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell Environ, 25: 239-250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00808.x
• Ondrasek G, Rathod S, Manohara KK, Gireesh C, Anantha MS, Sakhare AS, Parmar B, Yadav BK, Bandumula N, Raihan F, Zielińska-Chmielewska A, Meriño-Gergichevich C, Reyes-Díaz M, Khan A, Panfilova O, Seguel Fuentealba A, Romero SM, Nabil B, Wan CC, Shepherd J, Horvatinec J. 2022. Salt stress in plants and mitigation approaches. Plants, 11(6): 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11060717
• Petrović S, Đorđević S, Mikić A, Cvijanović P. 2016. Salinity stress affects seed germination and early seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Emir J Food Agric, 28(12): 902-908.
• Ramanujam MP, Jaleel VA Kumaravelu G. 1998. Effect of salicylic acid on nodulation, nitrogenous compounds, and related enzymes of Vigna mungo. Biol Plant, 41: 307-311.
• Sehgal A, Sita K, Rehman A, Farooq M, Kumar S, Yadav R, Siddique KH. 2021. Lentil. In Crop Physiology Case Histories for Major Crops. Academic Press, New York, US, pp: 408-428.
• Senaratna T, Touchell D, Bunn E, Dixon K. 2000. Acetyl salicylic acid induces multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regul, 30: 157-161.
• Tester M, Davenport R. 2003. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Ann Bot, 91: 503-507.
• Toklu F, Biçer BT, Karaköy T. 2009. Agro-morphological characterization of the Turkish lentil landraces. Afr J Biotechnol, 8(17): 4121-4127.
• Tounekti T, Hernández I, Munné-Bosch S. 2013. Salicylic acid biosynthesis and role in modulating terpenoid and flavonoid metabolism in plant responses to abiotic stress. Hayat S, et al. (eds.), Salicylic acid. Springer, New York, US, pp: 141-162.
• Tsegay BA, Gebreslassie B. 2014. The effect of salinity (NaCl) on germination and early seedling growth of Lathyrus sativus and Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum. Afr J Plant Sci, 8(5): 225-231.
• Uyanık M, Kara ŞM, Korkmaz K. 2014. Determination of responses of some winter canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars to salt stress at germination period. J Agric Sci, 20: 368-375.
• Vicente MRS, Plasencia J. 2011. Salicylic acid beyond defense: its role in plant growth and development. J Exp Bot, 62: 3321-3338.