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Influence of the Waste Eggshell Addition to Production of the Polyester Composite Material

Year 2019, Volume: 6, 135 - 145, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.582065

Abstract

In
this study, polyester based composite material reinforced with additive
prepared from waste eggshell was produced. The waste eggshells were supplied
from a local catering company, cleaned, dried and ground and then sieved. Egg
shell reinforcement ratio (12.5; 10.0; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5% by volume), particle size
(θ>0.500μ, 0.500μ>θ>0.250μ, 0.250μ>θ>0.125μ,
0.125μ>θ>0.090μ, 0.090μ>θ) and calcination temperature (800
°C, 900 °C and 1000 °C) were tested. For this purpose, three-point
bending, hardness, water absorption, porosity tests were applied to the
composite material and finally microstructure analysis was carried out with SEM
application. XRD analysis revealed changes in the crystal structure of the
eggshell after calcination. The addition of 12.5% ​​eggshell in the composite
mixture with particle size less than 90μ gave the best physical and mechanical
properties. Increasing of calcination temperature has adversely affected many
physical and mechanical properties. According to the test results, it was
determined that the eggshell would be suitable for the production of composite
materials.

References

  • [1] Igwe, I.O., Onuegbu, G.C. (2012). Studies on Properties of Eggshell and Fish Bone Powder Filled Polypropylene. Amerikan Journal of Polymer Science, 2(4), 56-61.
  • [2] Durmuşoğlu, İ. (2005). Kompozit Döşeme ve Kirişlerin Hesabı ve Kompozit Kirişlerin Stabilite Problemleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
  • [3] Kuru, D., Akpinar Borazan, A., Guru, M. (2018). Effect of chicken feather and boron compounds as filler on mechanical and flame retardancy properties of polymer composite materials. Waste Management&Research, 36(11), 1029-1036.
  • [4] Toro, P., Quijada, R., Yazdani-Pedram, M., Arias, J.L. (2007). Eggshell, a new bio-filler for polypropylene composite. Materials Letters, 61(22), 4347-4350.
  • [5] Shuhadah, S., Supri, A.G. (2009). LDPE-Isophthalic Acid-Modified Eggshell Powder Composites. Journal of Physical Science, 20(1), 87-98.
  • [6] Hassan, B., Vera, V.-A., Patrick,S. (2012). Development of Polyester/Eggshell Particulate Composites. Tribology in Industry, 34(4), 217-225.
  • [7] Bootklad, M., Kaewtatip,K. (2013). Biodegradation of Thermoplastic Starch/Eggshell Powder Composites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2(97), 315-320.
  • [8] Nwanonenyi, S.C., Chike-Onyegbula, C.O. (2013). Water Absorption, Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Eggshell Composite. Savap International, 4(1), 352-358.
  • [9] Ramesh, C., Krishna, M.V., Bezawada, S. (2014). Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Polyamide-Eggshell Powder Composite Materials. The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 2321(919), 90-95.
  • [10] Senthil, J., Raj, M. (2015). Preparation and Characterization of Reinforced Eggshell Polymer Composites. International Journal on Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, 3(3), 7-17.
  • [11] Katırcıoğlu-Bayel, D. (2018). Fire Retardant Mineral Fillers. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 7(3), 1175-1179.
  • [12] Zaman, T., Mostari, M.S., Mahmood, M.A.A., Rahman, M.S. (2018). Evolution and characterization of eggshell as a potential candidate of raw material. Ceramica, 64(370), 236-241.
  • [13] Ghabeer, T., Dweiri, R., Al-Khateeb, S. (2012). Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Polypropylene/eggshell biocomposites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 32(6), 402-409.
  • [14] Villarreal-Lucio, D.S., Rivera-Armenta, J.L., Martínez-Hernández, A.L., Estrada-Moreno, I.A. (2018). Effect of Eggshell Particle Size in Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of Pp/Eggshell Composites. International Journal Of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology, 7(4), 82-88.
  • [15] Turan, Ç. (2010). Akarca Köyü (HATAY) Kireçtaşlarının Hammadde Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesinin ve Kalsinasyon Davranışlarının İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Maden Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Adana.

Atık Yumurta Kabuğu Katkısının Polyester Kompozit Malzeme Üretimine Etkisi

Year 2019, Volume: 6, 135 - 145, 30.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.582065

Abstract

Bu çalışmada,
atık yumurta kabuğundan hazırlanan katkı ile güçlendirilmiş polyester esaslı
kompozit malzeme üretilmiştir. Atık yumurta kabukları yerel bir Catering
firmasından alınarak temizlenip, kurutulup öğütülmüş ve ardından elenmiştir.
Polyestere farklı oranlarda yumurta kabuğu takviye oranı (12,5; 10,0; 7,5; 5,0;
2,5 %hacimce), partikül boyutu (
θ>0,500μ, 0,500μ>θ>0,250μ, 0,250μ>θ>0,125μ, 0,125μ>θ>0,090μ, 0,090μ>θ) ve kalsinasyon
sıcaklığı (800
°C, 900°C ve 1000°C)
uygulamalarının etkisi denenmiştir. Bu amaçla kompozit malzemeye üç nokta eğme,
sertlik, su emme, porozite gibi testler uygulanmış ve son olarak SEM
uygulamasıyla kompozitlere mikro yapı analizi yapılmıştır. Partikül boyutu θ
< 90μ’dan küçük
ve kompozit karışımında %12,5 oranında yumurta kabuğu katılması en iyi fiziksel
ve mekanik özellikleri vermiştir. Kalsinasyon uygulamasında kalsinasyon
sıcaklık artışı birçok fiziksel ve mekanik özelliği olumsuz etkilemiştir. Elde
edilen test sonuçlarına göre yumurta kabuğunun kompozit malzeme üretiminde
kullanımının uygun olacağı belirlenmiştir.

References

  • [1] Igwe, I.O., Onuegbu, G.C. (2012). Studies on Properties of Eggshell and Fish Bone Powder Filled Polypropylene. Amerikan Journal of Polymer Science, 2(4), 56-61.
  • [2] Durmuşoğlu, İ. (2005). Kompozit Döşeme ve Kirişlerin Hesabı ve Kompozit Kirişlerin Stabilite Problemleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul.
  • [3] Kuru, D., Akpinar Borazan, A., Guru, M. (2018). Effect of chicken feather and boron compounds as filler on mechanical and flame retardancy properties of polymer composite materials. Waste Management&Research, 36(11), 1029-1036.
  • [4] Toro, P., Quijada, R., Yazdani-Pedram, M., Arias, J.L. (2007). Eggshell, a new bio-filler for polypropylene composite. Materials Letters, 61(22), 4347-4350.
  • [5] Shuhadah, S., Supri, A.G. (2009). LDPE-Isophthalic Acid-Modified Eggshell Powder Composites. Journal of Physical Science, 20(1), 87-98.
  • [6] Hassan, B., Vera, V.-A., Patrick,S. (2012). Development of Polyester/Eggshell Particulate Composites. Tribology in Industry, 34(4), 217-225.
  • [7] Bootklad, M., Kaewtatip,K. (2013). Biodegradation of Thermoplastic Starch/Eggshell Powder Composites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2(97), 315-320.
  • [8] Nwanonenyi, S.C., Chike-Onyegbula, C.O. (2013). Water Absorption, Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Eggshell Composite. Savap International, 4(1), 352-358.
  • [9] Ramesh, C., Krishna, M.V., Bezawada, S. (2014). Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Polyamide-Eggshell Powder Composite Materials. The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 2321(919), 90-95.
  • [10] Senthil, J., Raj, M. (2015). Preparation and Characterization of Reinforced Eggshell Polymer Composites. International Journal on Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, 3(3), 7-17.
  • [11] Katırcıoğlu-Bayel, D. (2018). Fire Retardant Mineral Fillers. Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 7(3), 1175-1179.
  • [12] Zaman, T., Mostari, M.S., Mahmood, M.A.A., Rahman, M.S. (2018). Evolution and characterization of eggshell as a potential candidate of raw material. Ceramica, 64(370), 236-241.
  • [13] Ghabeer, T., Dweiri, R., Al-Khateeb, S. (2012). Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Polypropylene/eggshell biocomposites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 32(6), 402-409.
  • [14] Villarreal-Lucio, D.S., Rivera-Armenta, J.L., Martínez-Hernández, A.L., Estrada-Moreno, I.A. (2018). Effect of Eggshell Particle Size in Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of Pp/Eggshell Composites. International Journal Of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology, 7(4), 82-88.
  • [15] Turan, Ç. (2010). Akarca Köyü (HATAY) Kireçtaşlarının Hammadde Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesinin ve Kalsinasyon Davranışlarının İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Maden Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Adana.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alev Akpinar Borazan 0000-0002-3815-2101

Duygu Kuru 0000-0002-9727-5785

Süleyman Sert This is me 0000-0002-8653-6572

Publication Date September 30, 2019
Submission Date June 25, 2019
Acceptance Date August 28, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 6

Cite

APA Akpinar Borazan, A., Kuru, D., & Sert, S. (2019). Atık Yumurta Kabuğu Katkısının Polyester Kompozit Malzeme Üretimine Etkisi. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 6, 135-145. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.582065