Irrigation Scheduling for Pear Orchards in Marmara Region of Turkey

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 180 - 191, 26.12.2019

Funda Dökmen , Yeşim Ahi Daniyal Durmuş Köksal

https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.609044

Abstract

Fruit growing is more important in terms of agricultural cultivation.
Pear is a valuable kind of fruit species that supported to economy in Turkey.
Pear trees need to irrigation in the period of growing/cultivation. Irrigation
is more important factor for pear. Generally, application of irrigation
recommend from the beginning of May until the end of September. Irrigation
methods change according to orchard’s soil characteristic and climatic
conditions depend on research area. For this reason, a project for a pear
orchard of 1 da to be drip irrigated was prepared and put into operation.
Monitoring and evaluation efforts were made in the field and were compared with
those for the non-irrigated areas. In this study, irrigation methods and water
resources were investigated in orchard of pear in the vicinity of
Hisareyn/Kocaeli in Turkey. So, double ring infiltrometer test has been done
for the determination of soil infiltration rate and the infiltration value of
the soil  has been calculated as 8 mm h^-1. After the
some soil characteristics were determined, drip irrigation system set up in the
area for orchard irrigation. With irrigation time scheduling, it has been
proposed that 10-12 hours of irrigation once a week or 6-7 hours of irrigation
every 4 days can be applied.

Keywords: Drip irrigation, infiltration, irrigation
project, productivity, water
management

 

Keywords

Drip, irr

Project Number

KOÜ BAP No: 2015/13

References

• [1] Kauri, K., & Arya, V. (2012). Ethnomedicinal and Phytochemical Perspectives of Pyrus communis Linn. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol. 1 (2), p.14.
• [2] http://www.tarim.gov.tr (2018). T.C. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı (Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock), Ankara, Türkiye.
• [3] Watkins, R. (1976). Cherry, plum, peach, apricot and almond. In: Simmonds, N.W. (Eds.). Evolution of Crop Plants. Longman, London, 242–247.
• [4] Bell, R.L. (1990). Pears (Pyrus). In: Moore, JN and Ballington, JR Jr. (Eds.). Genetic 216 Resources of Temperate Fruit and Nut Crops‐I. International Society for Horticultural Science, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 655‐697.
• [5] Anonymous (2017). T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Kayıtları, Ankara.
• [6] Yıldırım, O. (2008). Sulama Sistemlerinin Tasarımı. A.Ü. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları, Yayın no.1565, 366s.
• [7] Blake, G.R. (1965). Bulk density methods of soil analysis, Am. Soc. Agron. 9, 374-377, Winconsin, USA.
• [8] Benami, A. & Diskin, M.H. (1965). Design of sprinkler irrigation, Lowdermilk Faculty of Agricultural Engineering. Instıtute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
• [9] Bouyoucos, G.J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle-size analysis of soils. Agron. J. 53: 464 – 465.
• [10] Ayyıldız, A. (1990). Sulama suyu kalitesi ve tuzluluk problemleri, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitabı, 344, Ankara.
• [11] Criddle, W.D., Davis, S., Pair, C.H., & Shockley, D.G. (1956). Methods for Evaluation of irrigation system, USDF Agricultural Handbook, 82 pp.,Washington D.C.
• [12] Keller, J. & R.D., Bliesner (1990). Sprinkler and Trickle Irrigation. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
• [13] Anonymous, 2016. Türkiye’ de Sulanan Bitkilerin Bitki Su Tüketimi Rehberi. TAGEM ve DSİ, Ankara.
• [14] Lopez, G., C., Larrigaudiere, J., Girona, M.H., Behboudian & J. Marsal (2011). Fruit thinning in ‘Conference’ pear grown under deficit irrigation: Implications for fruit quality at harvest and after cold storage. Scientia Horticulturae 129: 64-70.
• [15] Marsal, J., M., Mata, A., Arbones, J., Rufat & J. Girona (2002). Regulated deficit irrigation and rectification of irrigation scheduling in young pear trees: an evaluation based on vegetative and productive response. European J. Agronomy, 17: 111-122.
• [16] Marsal, J., M., Mata, A., Arbones, J., Del Campo, J., Girona & G., Lopez (2008). Factors involved in alleviating water stress by partial crop removal in pear trees. Tree Physiology, 28: 1375-1382.
• [17] Janssens, P., J., Diels, J., Vanderborght, F., Elsen, A., Elsen, T., Deckers & H. Vandendriessche (2015). Numerical calculation of soil water potential in an irrigated ‘conference’ pear orchard. Agric. Water Manage. 148: 113- 122.
• [18] Moreno-Hernández, A.C., J.E., Velez-Sanchez & D.S. Intrigliolo (2017). Effect of defficit irrigation on yield and quality of pear (Pyrus communis cv. Triumph of Vienna). Agronomio Colombiana 35(3): 350-356.
• [19] Yang, Q., F., Zhang, F., Li & X., Liu (2013). Hydraulic conductivity and water-use efficiency of young pear tree under alternate drip irrigation. Agric. Water Manage 119: 80-88.
• [20] Anconelli, S. & P., Mannini (2002). Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on the Performance of Pear in an Italian Sub-Humid Area. Acta Hort. 596: 687-690.
• [21] Asın, L., S., Alegre & R., Montserrat (2007). Effect of paclobutrazol, prohexadione-Ca, deficit irrigation, summer pruning and root pruning on shoot growth, yield, and return bloom, in a ‘Blanquilla’ pear orchard. Scientia Horticulturae 113: 142-148.
• [22] Oron, G., Y., DeMalach, L., Gillerman, I., David & S. Lurie (2002). Efect of water salinity and irrigation technology on yield and quality of pears. Biosystems Engin. 81(2): 237-247.
• [23] Wang, Y., S., Travers, M.G., Bertelsen, K., Thorup-Kristensen, K.K., Petersen & F., Liu (2014). Effect of root pruning and irrigation regimes on pear tree: growth, yield and yield components. Hort. Sci. 41: 34–43.