Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Screening Awareness and Compliance Rates over the Age of 40: Single Center Data in Türkiye

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 73 - 79, 01.03.2024

Düriye Sıla Karagöz Özen , Elif Dağıstan Ergin , Ali Uğur Ergin , Mehmet Derya Demirag

https://doi.org/10.19127/bshealthscience.1363118

Abstract

The frequency of colorectal cancer is increasing under the age of 50, and new sights have emerged regarding the initiation of screening in the earlier age group. This study aims to measure the consciousness of patients over the age of 40 about colorectal cancer screening and to reveal the screening rates of individuals over the age of 50. 300 consecutive patients who applied to our center and were older than 40 years of age were included. The questionnaire was created based on current guidelines and literature knowledge by the investigators and done through face-to-face interviews. Patients over 50 years of age who did not undergo screening were analyzed by dividing them into groups according to their socio-demographic characteristics and colorectal cancer risk factors. While 64.7% of the participants stated that they knew about colorectal cancer screening, only 32.4% of the participants aged 50 and over had colorectal cancer screening. The vast majority of patients stated that they did not have enough knowledge about the subject. The rate of participants who stated that they were considering entering the cancer screening program after completing this questionnaire was 73.7%. Colorectal cancer screening rates of non-smokers, women, and married participants were higher than the other group (P=0.016, P=0.017, and P=0.033, respectively). This study shows low screening compliance of individuals over the age of 50. We think that it is important to encourage and inform all adults over the age of 40 about colorectal cancer screening for public health.

Keywords

Cancer screening, Colon cancer, Colorectal cancer, Rectum cancer, Risk factors

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Samsun Training and Research Hospital with the number GOKA/2021/15/2.

References

• Ahmed AM, Bacchus MW, Beal SG. 2023. Colorectal cancer screening completion by patients due or overdue for screening after reminders: a retrospective study. BMC Cancer, 23(1): 391. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-10837-y.
• Brown D, Conway DI, McMahon AD, Dundas R, Leyland AH. 2021. Cancer mortality 1981-2016 and contribution of specific cancers to current socioeconomic inequalities in all cancer mortality: A population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol, 74: 102010. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2021.102010.
• Celik SU, Cay HG, Bayrakdar E. 2019. Colorectal cancer screening behaviors of general surgeons and first-degree family members: a survey-based study. BMC Gastroenterol, 19(1): 183.
• Cronin KA, Lake AJ, Scott S. 2018. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part I: National cancer statistics. Cancer, 124(13): 2785-2800.
• Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM. 2021. Screening for colorectal cancer: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA, 325(19): 1965-1977.
• Dozois EJ, Boardman LA, Suwanthanma W. 2008. Young onset colorectal cancer in patients with no known genetic predisposition: Can we increase early recognition and improve outcome? Medicine, 87(5): 259-263.
• Globocan. 2020. Estimated cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2020. URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/home (accessed date: May 10, 2023).
• Gulten G, Memnun S, Ayse K, Aygul A, Gulcin A. 2012. Breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening status of a group of Turkish women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13(9): 4273-4279.
• IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 22.0. armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
• Ishii K, Tabuchi T, Iso H. 2023. Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer screening participation among women in Japan, 2010-2019. Cancer Epidemiol, 84: 102353. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2023.102353.
• Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Von Karsa L. 2012. International agency for research on cancer. European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis: First edition-introduction. Endoscopy, 44(3): 15-30.
• McCowan C, McSkimming P, Papworth R. 2019. Comparing uptake across breast, cervical and bowel screening at an individual level: a retrospective cohort study. Br J Cancer, 121: 710-714 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-019-0564-9.
• Pancar N, Mercan Y. 2021. Association between health literacy and colorectal cancer screening behaviors in adults in Northwestern Turkey. Eur J Pub Health, 31(2): 361-366.
• Sicsic J, Franc C. 2014. Obstacles to the uptake of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings: what remains to be achieved by French national programmes? BMC Health Serv Res, 4: 465. http://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-465.
• Stoffel EM, Murphy CC. 2020. Epidemiology and mechanisms of the increasing incidence of colon and rectal cancers in young adults. Gastroenterology, 158(2): 341.
• Tekiner S, Peker GC, Doğan MC. 2021. Colorectal cancer screening behaviors. Peer J, 9: e10951. http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10951.
• URL1: Kolorektal kanser tarama programı ulusal standartları, 2022 URL: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/kanser-tarama-standartlari/listesi/kolorektal-kanser-tarama-program%C4%B1-ulusalstandartlar%C4%B1.html. (accessed date: January 05, 2022).
• WHO. 2022. World Health Organization: International agency for research on cancer, 2022 URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/online-analysis-multi-bars. (accessed date: January 05, 2022).
• Zafer E, Tanrιkulu P, Atakul T. 2017. Status and awareness of cervical, breast, and colon cancer screening in a Turkish city. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol, 38: 391-397.