Mineralogy, petrography and origin of hydrothermal alteration in Eocene magmatites in Central Anatolia (Sivas-Turkey)

Year 2019, Volume: 158 Issue: 158, 141 - 164, 25.04.2019

Zeynel Başıbüyük , Hüseyin Yalçın

https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.461255

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Three different
types of hydrothermal alterations have occurred in the Eocene magmatics of the
northern part of Sivas-Turkey which include propylitic phyllic / sericitic and
argillic. Hydrothermal alteration affected both Karataş volcanites and Kösedağ
syenite. The clay formations are concentrated in two major zones; extending in
NE-SW direction and intersecting both plutonic and volcanic rocks with circular
opening cracks within the volcanics parallel to the plutonic-volcanic contact.
Hypogene and supergene hydrothermal alteration products occurring on surface
and/or near surface conditions represent the primary and secondary minerals
that develop directly and mostly from feldspars with the mechanisms of neoformation
and/or degradation. The hypogene minerals are formed in two stages of early
(kaolinite, pyrophyllite, illite, I-S (illite-smectite), smectite, quartz and
opal-CT) and late (barite, ore minerals, alunite, goyazite, jarosite, chlorite
and C-S). Tourmaline, epidote and carbonates (calcite, dolomite, azurite and malachite)
are considered as metasomatic and supergeneous minerals, respectively. The most
common mineral paragenesis are kaolinite + quartz + goethite + goyazite or
alunite, kaolinite + quartz + jarosite + feldspar ± goethite and/or goyazite in
the argillic alteration zone, I-S + quartz + jarosite ± goethite ± feldspar as
well as I-S + quartz + feldspar minerals in the sericitic alteration zone.
Kaolinite (T) is mostly in the form of pseudohexagonal platies, I-S (R1, R3 as
argillic alteration origins, 1Md, 2M1, 1M and R3 as sericitic alteration
origins) forming fi ber-acicular bundles parallel to each other.

Keywords

plutonic, volcanic, XRD, SEM, Alteration zone and type

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