Secondary Metabolites

Year 2021, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 203 - 215, 01.06.2021

Gülsevim Tiring , Serdar Satar , Okan Özkaya

Abstract

Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by microorganism or plant which are not
directly involved in the growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Secondary metabolites play an important role in plant defense against insects and microorganisms defenses. Humans use to secondary
metabolites in medicines, flavorings, pigments, and perfumes. Also, the recent studies can conclude that
secondary metabolites may be considered as effective COVID-19 antiprotease drugs. Plant secondary
metabolites can be divided into three major classes as terpenes, phenolics and alkaloids. Classification of terpene is based on the number of isoprene units present in their structure. Phenolic compounds are structures bearing one or more hydroxyl groups on an aromatic ring structure. These compounds are classified according to number of carbon. Alkaloids are a diverse group of nitrogen-containing compounds.

Keywords

Natural Plant Products, Terpenes, Alkaloids, Phenolic Compounds

Sekonder Metabolitler

Abstract

Sekonder metabolitler, organizmanın büyümesinde, gelişiminde ve çoğalmasında doğrudan yer almayan,
mikroorganizmalar veya bitkiler tarafından üretilen organik bileşiklerdir. Sekonder metabolitler, böceklerin ve
mikroorganizmaların korunmasına karşı bitki savunmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. İnsanlar ilaçlarda,
aromalarda, pigmentlerde ve parfümlerde sekonder metabolitleri kullanmaktadırlar. Ayrıca, son çalışmalar ile sekonder metabolitlerin COVID-19 antiproteaz ilaçları arasında etkili olarak kabul edilebileceği sonucuna da varılmıştır. Bitki sekonder metabolitleri terpenler, fenolikler ve alkaloitler olarak üç ana sınıfa ayrılmaktadır.
Terpen sınıflandırması, yapılarında bulunan izopren birimlerinin sayısına dayanmaktadır. Fenolik bileşikler ise
bir aromatik halka yapısı üzerinde bir veya daha fazla hidroksil grubu taşıyan yapılardır. Bu bileşiklerde karbon sayısına göre sınıflandırılmaktadır. Alkaloitler, bazik bileşikler içeren çeşitli bir azot grubudur.

Keywords

Doğal Bitki Ürünleri, Terpenler, Alkaloitler, Fenolik Bileşikler

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