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Bilgi Teknolojilerinin Bilgi Erişime Etkileri: Literatüre Dayalı Nitel Bir Çalışma

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 11 - 24, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33721/by.654544

Abstract

İnsanoğlu, varoluşundan beri çevresine uyum sağlamak ve varlığını devam ettirmek adına birtakım faaliyetlerde bulunmuştur. Bu faaliyetler kapsamında, doğada karşılaştığı sorunları çözmek için gözlemlerde bulunmuş, çözülemeyen sorunları da farklı yöntemler deneyerek çözmeye çalışmıştır. İnsanoğlu, zaman içerisinde, içselleştirdiği bu çözüm yollarını kullanarak doğa kurallarının birçoğunu anlamlandırmış ve kısmen de olsa doğaya hükmetmeye başlamıştır. Bilgi çağı olarak adlandırılan ve halen içinde yaşadığımız süreçte ise bilgisayar sistemleri yardımı ile artık çözümler çok daha kısa sürelerde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu noktada odaklanılması gereken, karşılaşılan sorunların çözümünde bilgiye nasıl ulaşılacağı ve onun hangi gereksinimler doğrultusunda nasıl kullanılacağıdır. Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojilerinin (BİT) getirdiği yeni uygulamalar (dijital dönüşüm vb.) ise bu noktada insanların bilgiye ulaşma çabaları bağlamında yeni yöntemler önermektedir. Bir karşılaştırma yapmak gerekirse, kâğıt tabanlı bir kitaptan, ihtiyaç duyulan bir kelime veya cümleyi bulmak ile OCR (Optical Character Recognition) destekli tarayıcılarda tarandıktan sonra bilgisayar ortamına aktarılan aynı kitaptan bir bilgi edinmek arasında muhakkak zaman (süre) farkı olacaktır. Bu açından bakıldığında, bilgiye erişimde hız kazanıldığı söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada BİT unsurlarının bilgiye erişim süreçlerindeki etki ve katkıları; bilgi, bilgi gereksinimi, bilgi arama davranışları ve modelleri, dijital dönüşüm, dijital okuryazarlık kavramları ve konu ile ilgili yapılan güncel çalışmalar bağlamında açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın yöntemi olarak betimsel analiz seçilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, EBSCOHost, Web of Science, Scopus, Springerlink, YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Proquest Tez Veritabanı vb. veritabanlarında; “dijtial dönüşüm”, “dijital dönüşüm ve bilgi erişim”, “bilgi sistemleri ve dijital dönüşüm”, “bilgi arama davranışları”, “teknoloji ve bilgiye erişim”, “içeriklerin çevrimiçi paylaşımı”, “dijitalleşme ve bilişsel süreçler” vb. anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak kaynaklar belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda BİT’in, bireylerin bilgi arama davranışlarını değiştirdiği; bilgiye eriştikten sonra da bunu nasıl kullanılacağına dair yönlendirdiğini göstermiştir. Bilgi arama süreçlerinde, teknoloji desteğinin bilişsel süreçlerdeki aşamaları daha verimli bir hale getirdiği ve böylece bilgiye dayalı karar verme süreçlerinin etkinliğinin arttığı söylenebilir.

References

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Effects of Information Technologies on Information Retrieval: A Qualitative Study Based on Literature

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 11 - 24, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33721/by.654544

Abstract

Since its existence, human beings have been involved in a number of activities to adapt to and maintain their environment. As part of these activities, they made observations to solve the problems that they faced in nature and tried to fix the unsolved problems by trying different methods. In time, human beings have made sense of many of the rules of nature by using these solutions that they have internalized and started to dominate nature, albeit partially. In the process called Information Age, thanks to computer systems, solutions are realized in much shorter periods. At this point, the focus should be on is how to access information and how to use it in accordance with the requirements. The new applications of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) (digital transformation, etc.) suggest new methods in this context in terms of people's efforts to access information. To compare, there will always be some differences in duration (time) between finding a word or phrase needed from a paper-based book and obtaining the information from the same book that is transferred to a computer after scanning in OCR supported scanners. From this point of view, it can be said that access to information is accelerated. In this study, whether ICT factors affect information retrieval and its cognitive processes will be explained by scrutinizing information, information needs, information search behaviors and models, digital transformation, digital literacy concepts and the current studies. The method of the study was chosen as descriptive analysis. In this context, resources were determined using the keywords such as “digital transformation”, “digital transformation and information retrieval”, “information systems and digital transformation”, “information seeking behaviours”, “access to technology and information”, “online sharing of the contents”, “digitalization and cognitive processes” in EBSCOHost, Web of Science, Scopus, Springerlink, HEC National Thesis Center, Proquest Thesis Database. In the studies, ICTs showed that it affects information seeking behaviors of individuals and groups and after accessing the information, it shows how to use it. It can be said that technology support makes the stages of cognitive processes more efficient and thus the effectiveness of information-based decision-making processes increases in information search processes.

References

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  • Aydın, M. (2010). Bilgi Sosyolojisi. İstanbul: Açılım Kitap.
  • Barutçugil, İ. (2002). Bilgi Yönetimi. İstanbul: Kariyer Yayıncılık.
  • Berman, S. J. (2012). Digital Transformation: Opportunities To Create New Business Models. Strategy&Leadership, 40 (2), 16-24.
  • Besedes, T., Deck, C., Sarangi, S., Shor, M. (2012). Age Effects and Heuristics In Decision Making. Review of Economics and Statistics, 94 (2), 580-595, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST a 00174.
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  • Hanna, N. K. (2016). Mastering Digital Transformation: Towards A Smarter Society, Economy, City and Nation. United Kingdom: Emerald.
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  • Krikelas, J. (1983). Information Seeking Behavior: Patterns and Concepts. Drexel Library Quarterly, 19 (2), 5-20.
  • Kuhlthau, C. C. (1987). Information Skills for an Information Society: A Review of Research. Syracuse, NY: ERIC. 24 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED297740.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Kuhlthau, C. C. (1991). Inside the Search Process: Information Seeking From The User's Perspective. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 42 (5), 361-371.
  • Kuhlthau, C. C. (1999). Accommodating The User's Information Search Process: Challenges for Information Retrieval System Designers. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science, 25 (3), 12-16.
  • Kuhlthau, C. C. (2004). Seeking Meaning: A Process Approach to Library and Information Services, 2nd edition. Westport: Libraries Unlimited.
  • Kuhlthau, C.C. (2016). Information Search Process. Carol C. Kuhlthau, Marcia J. Bates ve Mary Niles Maack (Eds.), ELIS-Information Search Process içinde (s. 1-19). 15 Şubat 2019 tarihinde http://wp.comminfo.rutgers.edu/ckuhlthau/wp-content/uploads/sites/185/2016/01/ELIS-3E.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Kundu, D. K. (2017). Models of Information Seeking Behaviour: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Library and Information Studies, 7 (4), 393-405.
  • Kurbanoğlu, S. (2011). Bilgi Okuryazarlığı ve Bilgi Okuryazarlığının Önemi [PowerPoint Slaytı]. 24 Aralık 2019 tarihinde https://www.slideshare.net/EMPATIC-Project/bilgi-okuryazarlnn-nemi adresinden erişildi.
  • Lanyun, Z., Xu, S. ve Wagner, C. (2019). Exploring the Group Holiday Decision-Making Process with Thesupport of Technology. Information Processing and Management, 56, 1409-1424.
  • Lumbreas, S., Moreno, A. ve Latorre, J. (2015). Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Human Cognitive Processes: Implications for Human Nature. Pensamiento, 71 (269), 1375-1382.
  • Marchionini, G. ve Komlodi, A. (2001). Design of Interfaces for Information Seeking. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 33, 1-25.
  • Markwei, E. D. (2013). Everyday Life Information Seeking Behaviour of Urban Homeless Youth. (Doktora Tezi). The University of British Columbia, The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Library, Archival and Information Studies), Vancouver.
  • Mawby, J., Foster, A. ve Ellis, D. (2015). Everyday Life Information Seeking Behaviour In Relation To The Environment: Disposable Information? Library Review, 64 (6/7), 468-479.
  • McReynolds, P., Acker, M. ve Pietila, C. (1961). Relation Of Object Curiosity To Psychological Adjustment In Children. Child Development, 32 (2), 393-400.
  • Meyer, A. ve Fourie, I. (2016). Thematic Analysis of the Value Of Kuhlthau’s Work for the Investigation of Information Behaviour In Creative Workspaces in Academic Libraries. Proceedings of ISIC: The Information Behaviour Conference içinde (s. 1-19 ). Zadar: ISIC.
  • Nadeem, A., Abedin, B., Cerpa, N. ve Chew, E. (2018). Digital Transformation and Digital Business Strategy in Electronic Commerce: The Role of Organizational Capabilities. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 13 (2), 1-8.
  • Odabaş, H. (2011). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri 1 [PowerPoint Slaytı]. 24.12.2019 tarihinde https://odabashuseyin.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/2.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Öğüt, A. (2003). Bilgi Çağında Yönetim. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
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There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Library and Information Studies
Journal Section Peer- Reviewed Articles
Authors

Mehmet Oytun Cibaroğlu 0000-0002-5763-0770

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Submission Date December 3, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Cibaroğlu, M. O. (2020). Bilgi Teknolojilerinin Bilgi Erişime Etkileri: Literatüre Dayalı Nitel Bir Çalışma. Bilgi Yönetimi, 3(1), 11-24. https://doi.org/10.33721/by.654544

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