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An Overview of Military, Administrative and Economic Factors Behind the Rise of Philippos II and The Kingdom of Macedonia

Year 2015, Volume: 3, 163 - 180, 01.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present a perspective on the Macedonian Kingdom of Philippos II through stressing both its emergence as a regional power, which was subsequently transformed into a world empire with Alexander the Great’s conquests, and its role in regional affairs until Alexander’s acces­sion to the throne. The Macedonians gathered the Ancient Greeks into a unified element against the Persian threat and after its expansion towards the east the Macedonians enabled the mixture of the eastern and western cultures, thereby changed the course of history. In addition to the success of the Macedonian Kingdom in conquering the Greek states, this study also focuses on its administrative system which served as a prototype for subsequent Hellenistic Kingdoms. The topography of Macedonia and the origins of the people who gave their names to the place are briefly discussed to enable a better understanding of the factors behind the rise of the Macedonian Kingdom and this study focuses upon Philippos II and his reign to indicate some reasons for the revolutionary changes made to the military, the administration and the economy.

References

  • Anderson 1970 J. K. Anderson, Military Theory and Practice in the Age of Xenophon. Berkeley 1970.
  • Borza 1992 E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon. Princeton 1992.
  • Bosworth 1971 A. B. Bosworth, “Philip II and Upper Macedonia”. CQ 21 (1971) 93-105.
  • Bursian 1872 C. Bursian, Geographie von Griechenland, 2 Volumes. Leipzig 1872.
  • Chadwick 1976 J. Chadwick, The Mycenaean World. Cambridge 1976.
  • Cline 2014 E. H. Cline, 1177 BC. The Year Civilisation Collapsed. Princeton 2014.
  • Drews 1994 R. Drews, The Coming of the Greeks: Indo European Conquests in the Aegean and the Near East. Princeton 1994.
  • Ellis 1976 J. R. Ellis, Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism. London 1976.
  • Errington 1993 M. Errington, A History of Macedonia. California 1993.
  • FGrHist Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker. Ed. F. Jacoby. Berlin - Leiden 1923-1958.
  • Fox 2011 R. L. Fox, R. J. Fox (eds.), Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC - 300 AD. Leiden 2011.
  • Griffith – Hammond 1979 N. G. L. Hammond – G. T. Griffith, A History of Macedonia II (550-336 BC). Oxford 1979.
  • Hammond 1959 N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Greece to 322 BC. Oxford 1959.
  • Hammond 1970 N. G. L. Hammond, “The Archaeological Background to the Macedonian Kingdom”. AM I (1970) 53-67.
  • Hammond 1972 N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Macedonia, Volume. I: Historical Geography and Prehistory. Oxford 1972.
  • Hammond 1973 N. G. L. Hammond, Studies in Greek History. Oxford 1973.
  • Hammond 1992 N. G. L. Hammond, The Macedonian State: Origins, Institutions and History. Oxford 1992.
  • Harding 1985 P. Harding, From the End of the Peloponnesian War to the Battle of Ipsus. Cambridge 1985.
  • Hatzopoulos 1994 M. B. Hatzopoulos (ed.), Macedonia: from Philip II to the Roman Conquest. Princeton 1994.
  • Hooker 1976 J. T. Hooker, Mycenaean Greece. London 1976.
  • Horejs 2007 B. Horejs, “Macedonia, Mediator or Buffer Zone Between Cultural Spheres?”. Eds. I. Galanaki et al., Between the Aegean and Baltic Seas: Prehistory Across Borders. Liege (2007) 293-306.
  • Hornblower 2011 S. Hornblower, The Greek World 479-323 BC. London 2011.
  • Leake 1835 W. M. Leake, Travels in Northern Greece, 4 Volumes. London 1835.
  • Markle 1976 M. M. Markle, “Support of Athenian Intellectuals for Philip: A Study of Isocrates’ Philippus and Speusippus’ Letter to Philip”. JHS 96 (1976) 80- 99.
  • Pomeroy et al. 2004 S. Pomeroy et al., A Brief History of Ancient Greece. Oxford 2004. Rhodes 2010 P. J. Rhodes, “The Literary and Epigraphic Evidence to the Roman Conquest”. Eds. J. Roisman – I. Worthington, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Malden - Oxford (2010) 23-40.
  • Roisman – Worthington 2010 J. Roisman – I. Worthington, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Chichester 2010.
  • Semple 1932 E. J. Semple, The Geography of the Mediterranean Region: Its Relation to Ancient History. London 1932.
  • Snodgrass 1974 A. M. Snodgrass, “Metal-work as Evidence for Immigration in the Late Bronze Age”. Eds. R. A. Crossland – A. Birchell, Bronze Age Migrations in the Aegean: Archaeological and Linguistic Problems in Greek Prehistory. London (1974) 209-214.
  • Tritsch 1974 F. J. Tritsch, The Sackers of Cities’ and the ‘Movement of Populations”. Eds. R. A. Crossland – A. Birchell, Bronze Age Migrations in the Aegean: Archaeological and Linguistic Problems in Greek Prehistory. London (1974) 234-238.

Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış

Year 2015, Volume: 3, 163 - 180, 01.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, III. Aleksandros’un fetihle­rinden sonra bir dünya imparatorluğuna dönüşen Makedonya Krallığı’nın yerel bir güç olarak ortaya çıkışını ve III. Aleksandros’un tahta geçişine kadar bölgede yaşanan olaylarda Makedonya’nın oynadığı rolü ortaya koyarak söz konusu dönemde Makedonya Krallığı’nın bir panoramasını sunmaktır. Eski Yunan toplumunu bir araya toplayıp Pers tehdidine karşı örgüt­le­yen, Yunan dünyasının doğuya doğru genişle­mesiyle Doğu ve Batı kültürlerinin birbirleriyle kaynaş­masını sağlayan ve böylece tarihin akışını değiştiren Makedonların Eski Yunan kent devletlerini hege­mon­yası altına alışının yanında Hellenistik Dönem ile bir­likte tüm Yunan dünyasına yayılacak olan devlet teş­ki­lat­lan­masının prototip hali de bu çalışmada mercek altına alınacak hususlardandır. Krallığın daha sonra yaşayacağı yükselişin sebeplerinin kavranması için kral­lığın tarihsel konumunun ve geçmişinin de iyi anla­şılması gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada öncelik­le Makedonya’nın konumu ve Makedonların kökeni üzerinde durulacaktır. Akabinde çalışmanın ağırlık noktasını oluşturan II. Philippos dönemi ele alınacak ve bu dönemde krallığın yaşadığı olağanüstü değişimin askeri, idari ve ekonomik nitelikli sebepleri ortaya konulacaktır.

References

  • Anderson 1970 J. K. Anderson, Military Theory and Practice in the Age of Xenophon. Berkeley 1970.
  • Borza 1992 E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon. Princeton 1992.
  • Bosworth 1971 A. B. Bosworth, “Philip II and Upper Macedonia”. CQ 21 (1971) 93-105.
  • Bursian 1872 C. Bursian, Geographie von Griechenland, 2 Volumes. Leipzig 1872.
  • Chadwick 1976 J. Chadwick, The Mycenaean World. Cambridge 1976.
  • Cline 2014 E. H. Cline, 1177 BC. The Year Civilisation Collapsed. Princeton 2014.
  • Drews 1994 R. Drews, The Coming of the Greeks: Indo European Conquests in the Aegean and the Near East. Princeton 1994.
  • Ellis 1976 J. R. Ellis, Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism. London 1976.
  • Errington 1993 M. Errington, A History of Macedonia. California 1993.
  • FGrHist Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker. Ed. F. Jacoby. Berlin - Leiden 1923-1958.
  • Fox 2011 R. L. Fox, R. J. Fox (eds.), Brill's Companion to Ancient Macedon: Studies in the Archaeology and History of Macedon, 650 BC - 300 AD. Leiden 2011.
  • Griffith – Hammond 1979 N. G. L. Hammond – G. T. Griffith, A History of Macedonia II (550-336 BC). Oxford 1979.
  • Hammond 1959 N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Greece to 322 BC. Oxford 1959.
  • Hammond 1970 N. G. L. Hammond, “The Archaeological Background to the Macedonian Kingdom”. AM I (1970) 53-67.
  • Hammond 1972 N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Macedonia, Volume. I: Historical Geography and Prehistory. Oxford 1972.
  • Hammond 1973 N. G. L. Hammond, Studies in Greek History. Oxford 1973.
  • Hammond 1992 N. G. L. Hammond, The Macedonian State: Origins, Institutions and History. Oxford 1992.
  • Harding 1985 P. Harding, From the End of the Peloponnesian War to the Battle of Ipsus. Cambridge 1985.
  • Hatzopoulos 1994 M. B. Hatzopoulos (ed.), Macedonia: from Philip II to the Roman Conquest. Princeton 1994.
  • Hooker 1976 J. T. Hooker, Mycenaean Greece. London 1976.
  • Horejs 2007 B. Horejs, “Macedonia, Mediator or Buffer Zone Between Cultural Spheres?”. Eds. I. Galanaki et al., Between the Aegean and Baltic Seas: Prehistory Across Borders. Liege (2007) 293-306.
  • Hornblower 2011 S. Hornblower, The Greek World 479-323 BC. London 2011.
  • Leake 1835 W. M. Leake, Travels in Northern Greece, 4 Volumes. London 1835.
  • Markle 1976 M. M. Markle, “Support of Athenian Intellectuals for Philip: A Study of Isocrates’ Philippus and Speusippus’ Letter to Philip”. JHS 96 (1976) 80- 99.
  • Pomeroy et al. 2004 S. Pomeroy et al., A Brief History of Ancient Greece. Oxford 2004. Rhodes 2010 P. J. Rhodes, “The Literary and Epigraphic Evidence to the Roman Conquest”. Eds. J. Roisman – I. Worthington, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Malden - Oxford (2010) 23-40.
  • Roisman – Worthington 2010 J. Roisman – I. Worthington, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Chichester 2010.
  • Semple 1932 E. J. Semple, The Geography of the Mediterranean Region: Its Relation to Ancient History. London 1932.
  • Snodgrass 1974 A. M. Snodgrass, “Metal-work as Evidence for Immigration in the Late Bronze Age”. Eds. R. A. Crossland – A. Birchell, Bronze Age Migrations in the Aegean: Archaeological and Linguistic Problems in Greek Prehistory. London (1974) 209-214.
  • Tritsch 1974 F. J. Tritsch, The Sackers of Cities’ and the ‘Movement of Populations”. Eds. R. A. Crossland – A. Birchell, Bronze Age Migrations in the Aegean: Archaeological and Linguistic Problems in Greek Prehistory. London (1974) 234-238.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Oğuz Yarlıgaş

Publication Date June 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 3

Cite

APA Yarlıgaş, O. (2015). Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış. Cedrus, 3, 163-180. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401
AMA Yarlıgaş O. Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış. Cedrus. June 2015;3:163-180. doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401
Chicago Yarlıgaş, Oğuz. “Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari Ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış”. Cedrus 3, June (June 2015): 163-80. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401.
EndNote Yarlıgaş O (June 1, 2015) Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış. Cedrus 3 163–180.
IEEE O. Yarlıgaş, “Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış”, Cedrus, vol. 3, pp. 163–180, 2015, doi: 10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401.
ISNAD Yarlıgaş, Oğuz. “Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari Ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış”. Cedrus 3 (June 2015), 163-180. https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401.
JAMA Yarlıgaş O. Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış. Cedrus. 2015;3:163–180.
MLA Yarlıgaş, Oğuz. “Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari Ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış”. Cedrus, vol. 3, 2015, pp. 163-80, doi:10.13113/CEDRUS.2015011401.
Vancouver Yarlıgaş O. Makedonya Krallığı’nın Yükselişinin Arkasında Yatan Askeri, İdari ve Ekonomik Nedenlere Bir Bakış. Cedrus. 2015;3:163-80.

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