Hint diasporası ile İngiliz sömürgeci yayılması: Hint denizaşırı göçü örneği

Year 2020, , 56 - 81, 30.06.2020

Tang Shan Jia Haitao

https://doi.org/10.38154/cjas.27

Abstract

Tarihsel olarak Hindistan denizaşırı Britanya İmparatorluğu’nun kurulması ve sürdürülmesinde çok önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Hindistan'ın fethi aracılığıyla İngilizler sadece büyük maddi zenginlik elde etmek ve sanayi sermayesi birikimini tamamlamakla kalmamış, aynı zamanda sömürgeci yayılmasını kolaylaştırmak için büyük bir yetenekli insan kaynağı havuzu da temin etmiştir. Günümüzde, Çin diasporasının ardından en büyük ikinci diasporayı oluşturan denizaşırı Hintlilerin toplam sayısı 30 milyonu aşmış durumdadır. Bu muazzam göçmen grubu ve denizaşırı dağılımı, İngilizlerin Hindistan'ı fethi ve insan kaynaklarının temini ile Hindistan'a ihracatından ayrılmazdı. İngiliz sömürge yöneticileri, askere alma, hizmet personelinin işe alımı, suçluların sürgün edilmesi ve senetli kölelik yoluyla, Hint insan gücünü sömürgeci çıkarlarına hizmet etmek için diğer kolonilere aktarmıştır. Bu yayılmaya çok sayıda Hintli iş adamı da eşlik etmiştir. Bütün bu Hintli göçmenler bugünkü Hint diasporasının temelini ve yapısını küresel ölçekte ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Britanya İmparatorluğu, Hint diasporası, sömürgeci yayılma

British colonial expansion through the Indian diaspora: the pattern of Indian overseas migration

Abstract

Historically, India played a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of the British Empire overseas. Through the conquest of India, the British not only acquired great material wealth and secured the accumulation of industrial capital, but also obtained a sizeable pool of skilled human resources to facilitate its colonial expansion. At present, the total number of overseas Indians has exceeded 30 million, making up the second largest Diaspora after that of China. This massive immigrant group and its overseas distribution were inseparable from the British conquest of India and its borrowing and export of human resources to India. Through conscription, the recruitment of service personnel, the exile of criminals and the utilization of indentured labour, the British colonial rulers transferred Indian manpower to other colonies to serve their colonialist interests. This expansion was also accompanied by the movement of a large number of Indian businessmen, and all these Indian immigrants would lay the basic foundation and structure of today's global Indian Diaspora.

Keywords

British Empire, Indian Diaspora, colonial expansion

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