Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Otsu Hadisesi (1891): On dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonunda Rusya-Japonya ilişkileri ve Mustafapaşa’da bir duvar resmi

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 3 - 24, 30.06.2022

Abstract

Japonya ziyareti sırasında Rusya İmparatorluğu veliaht prensi Nikolay Aleksandreviç’e karşı bir suikast teşebbüsü gerçekleşmiştir. Prens, Japonya’da dünya turunun bir parçası olarak Trans-Sibirya Demiryolu’nun doğu yönünden inşasını başlatmak üzere bulunmaktaydı. Bu makale, Nikolay Aleksandreviç’in yaşadığı bu suikast girişiminin Kapadokya’daki bir konağın duvarına oryantalist bir üslupla neden ve nasıl taşındığı sorularının cevaplarını aramaktadır. Makale, Otsu hadisesi olarak bilinen suikast girişiminin ve ardından yaşanan sürecin Japonya için önemli bir yargı bağımsızlığı sınavı olduğunu ve hem muhtemel bir uluslararası gerginliğin önüne geçtiğini hem de Japonya’da halkın adalete olan güvenini tazelediğini öne sürmektedir. Otsu hadisesinin Batı’daki yankıları ve resmedilişi yirmi yıldan fazladır hızlı bir Batılılaşma ve modernizasyon içinde olan Japonya’nın Batı’da hala oryantalist bir bakış açısından potansiyel bir koloni genişleme alanı olarak görüldüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Vahşi bir samuray olarak resmedilen suikastçi, aslında düzenli Japon polis gücünün modern Batılı giysileri içinde bir memur olmasına rağmen on dokuzuncu yüzyıl başı samuraylarına benzetilmek istenilmiştir. Olayın tüm detayları incelendiğinde Nikolay’ın hayatını kurtaran iki kişinin Japon çek çek sürücüleri olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan resmi tarih ve Batı basınında Nikolay’ın hayatını kurtaranın Yunan Prensi George olduğu bilgisi yer almaktadır.

References

  • Bertin, Celia. 1982. Marie Bonaparte: A Life. Yale University Press: New Haven.
  • Fromkin, David. 1980. “The Great Game in Asia”. Foreign Affairs 58 (4): 936-51. https://doi.org/10.2307/20040512.
  • Hauner, Milan. 1984. “The Last Great Game”. Middle East Journal 38 (1): 72-84.
  • “İmperskii Arhiv”. 2019. 2019. http://archive-khvalin.ru/propoved-politicheskogo-ubijstva/.
  • Kaye, John William. 1857. History of the war in Afghanistan. Londra: L. Bentley.
  • “Kometarou”. 2021. Ameba. 31 Ağustos 2021. https://ameblo.jp/pepasa80/image-12695217022-14994302594.html.
  • Kowner, Rotem. 2006. Historical Dictionary of the Russo–Japanese War. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
  • Krusow, Major von. 1898. Die Fahrten und Abenteuer des Thronfolgers Nikolaus von Russland in Japan.
  • Laruelle, Marlène. 2008. “‘The White Tsar’: Romantic Imperialism in Russia’s Legitimizing of Conquering the Far East”. Acta Slavica Iaponica 25: 113-34.
  • Le Petit Journal. 1891. “İllüstrasyon”, 30 Mayıs 1891. https://preview.redd.it/6xbkya8vwwt81.jpg?width=1748&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=fb02c49023612ea699201d5d787af72b754f4eac.
  • Lensen, George Alexander. 1961. “The Attempt on Life of Nicholas II in Japan”. The Russian Review 20 (3).
  • “Memo Box”. 2019. Ameba. 27 Kasım 2019. https://ameblo.jp/motoharu567/image-12548767549-14650929576.html.
  • Nakanishi, Michiko. 2006. Heroes and Friends: Behind the Scenes at the Treaty of Portsmouth. Place of publication not identified: Peter Randall Pub.
  • Neto, Newton Ribeiro Machado. 2006. “How the Ōtsu Incident evidenced the social and political tensions of late Meiji Period?” Modern Japanese History Paper. University of Sheffield, School of East Asian Studies.
  • “O knige istorika-yaponoveda, professora, d.i.n. K.O. Sarkisova «Put k Tsusime»”. 2019. Obşestvo «Rossiya-Yaponiya». 05 Haziran 2019. https://russiajapansociety.ru/?p=11942.
  • Özbek, Yıldıray. 2017. “Sinasos (Mustafapaşa) Duvar Resimlerinde Tarihi Bir Konu: Otsu Vakası”. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities 7 (2): 359-65. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2017.369.
  • Radzinskiı̆, Ėdvard. 1993. The last Tsar: the life and death of Nicholas II. Londra: Arrow.
  • “Rakuten Blog”. 2019. 2019. https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/libpubli2/diary/201905100000/.
  • Rezun, Miron. 1986. “The Great Game Revisited”. International Journal 41 (2): 324-41. https://doi.org/10.2307/40202372.
  • Schneider, Miriam. 2016. “Tsarevich Nicholas of Russia and Prince Georgios of Greece: A tale of two princes”. Heirs to the Throne Project. University of St. Andrews. http://heirstothethrone-project.net/?page_id=2357.
  • Ukhtomskiy, E. E. 1897. Puteshestvie Gosudarya İmperotora Nikolaya II na Vostok (v 1890-1891). St. Peterburg: Brokgauz.
  • Yong-Shik Shin, Peter. 1989. “The Otsu Incident: Japan’s hidden history of the attempted assasination of future Emperor Nicholas II of Russia in the town of Otsu, Japan, May 11, 1891 and its implication for historical analysis”. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
  • Ameba. 26 Eylül 2010. https://ameblo.jp/gjguiuiyo0/entry-12525905333.html.

Otsu Incident (1891): Russia-Japan relations at the end of the nineteenth century and a mural in Mustafapaşa

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 3 - 24, 30.06.2022

Abstract

During his visit to Japan, an assassination attempt took place against the crown prince of the Russian Empire, Nicholas Alexandrevich. The prince was in Japan to initiate the construction of the eastern part of the Trans-Siberian Railway. This article seeks answers to the questions of why and how this assassination attempt of Nicholas Alexandrevich was carried to the wall of a mansion in Cappadocia, in an orientalist style. The article argues that the assassination attempt, known as the Otsu incident, and the process that followed was an important test of judicial independence for Japan and both prevented a possible international tension and renewed the public confidence in justice in Japan. The repercussions and portrayal of the Otsu incident in the West reveal that Japan, which has been in rapid Westernization and modernization for more than twenty years, is still seen in the West as a potential colonial expansion area from an orientalist point of view. The assassin, portrayed as a savage, was intended to be likened to early nineteenth-century samurai, even though he was actually an officer of the regular Japanese police force dressed in modern Western uniforms. When all the details of the incident are examined, it is understood that the two people who saved the life of Nicholas were Japanese check-check drivers. On the other hand, the official Russian history and the Western press portrayed the Greek Prince George as the lifesaver of Nicholas.

References

  • Bertin, Celia. 1982. Marie Bonaparte: A Life. Yale University Press: New Haven.
  • Fromkin, David. 1980. “The Great Game in Asia”. Foreign Affairs 58 (4): 936-51. https://doi.org/10.2307/20040512.
  • Hauner, Milan. 1984. “The Last Great Game”. Middle East Journal 38 (1): 72-84.
  • “İmperskii Arhiv”. 2019. 2019. http://archive-khvalin.ru/propoved-politicheskogo-ubijstva/.
  • Kaye, John William. 1857. History of the war in Afghanistan. Londra: L. Bentley.
  • “Kometarou”. 2021. Ameba. 31 Ağustos 2021. https://ameblo.jp/pepasa80/image-12695217022-14994302594.html.
  • Kowner, Rotem. 2006. Historical Dictionary of the Russo–Japanese War. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press, Inc.
  • Krusow, Major von. 1898. Die Fahrten und Abenteuer des Thronfolgers Nikolaus von Russland in Japan.
  • Laruelle, Marlène. 2008. “‘The White Tsar’: Romantic Imperialism in Russia’s Legitimizing of Conquering the Far East”. Acta Slavica Iaponica 25: 113-34.
  • Le Petit Journal. 1891. “İllüstrasyon”, 30 Mayıs 1891. https://preview.redd.it/6xbkya8vwwt81.jpg?width=1748&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=fb02c49023612ea699201d5d787af72b754f4eac.
  • Lensen, George Alexander. 1961. “The Attempt on Life of Nicholas II in Japan”. The Russian Review 20 (3).
  • “Memo Box”. 2019. Ameba. 27 Kasım 2019. https://ameblo.jp/motoharu567/image-12548767549-14650929576.html.
  • Nakanishi, Michiko. 2006. Heroes and Friends: Behind the Scenes at the Treaty of Portsmouth. Place of publication not identified: Peter Randall Pub.
  • Neto, Newton Ribeiro Machado. 2006. “How the Ōtsu Incident evidenced the social and political tensions of late Meiji Period?” Modern Japanese History Paper. University of Sheffield, School of East Asian Studies.
  • “O knige istorika-yaponoveda, professora, d.i.n. K.O. Sarkisova «Put k Tsusime»”. 2019. Obşestvo «Rossiya-Yaponiya». 05 Haziran 2019. https://russiajapansociety.ru/?p=11942.
  • Özbek, Yıldıray. 2017. “Sinasos (Mustafapaşa) Duvar Resimlerinde Tarihi Bir Konu: Otsu Vakası”. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities 7 (2): 359-65. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2017.369.
  • Radzinskiı̆, Ėdvard. 1993. The last Tsar: the life and death of Nicholas II. Londra: Arrow.
  • “Rakuten Blog”. 2019. 2019. https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/libpubli2/diary/201905100000/.
  • Rezun, Miron. 1986. “The Great Game Revisited”. International Journal 41 (2): 324-41. https://doi.org/10.2307/40202372.
  • Schneider, Miriam. 2016. “Tsarevich Nicholas of Russia and Prince Georgios of Greece: A tale of two princes”. Heirs to the Throne Project. University of St. Andrews. http://heirstothethrone-project.net/?page_id=2357.
  • Ukhtomskiy, E. E. 1897. Puteshestvie Gosudarya İmperotora Nikolaya II na Vostok (v 1890-1891). St. Peterburg: Brokgauz.
  • Yong-Shik Shin, Peter. 1989. “The Otsu Incident: Japan’s hidden history of the attempted assasination of future Emperor Nicholas II of Russia in the town of Otsu, Japan, May 11, 1891 and its implication for historical analysis”. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
  • Ameba. 26 Eylül 2010. https://ameblo.jp/gjguiuiyo0/entry-12525905333.html.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Regional Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hasan Ali Karasar

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Karasar, Hasan Ali. “Otsu Hadisesi (1891): On Dokuzuncu yüzyılın Sonunda Rusya-Japonya ilişkileri Ve Mustafapaşa’da Bir Duvar Resmi”. Cappadocia Journal of Area Studies 4, no. 1 (June 2022): 3-24.