Platelets in preeclampsia: function and role in the inflammation

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 111 - 116, 15.12.2014

Sadik Sahin , Ozlem Bingol Ozakpinar Mustafa Eroglu Sermin Tetik

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disease of pregnancy complicating 5-8% of all pregnancies. A growing body of evidence demonstrated that inflammation in microvasculature plays a major role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Although circulating platelets are in rested state, when they are exposed to soluble mediators or microparticles in the inflamed vasculature as in preeclampsia, platelets are activated by engagement of the mediators on surface receptors. Upon activation, platelets degranulate some soluble and adhesion molecules. When soluble mediators released into the local microenvironment, they modulate the interactions between platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells. Adhesion molecules expressed on the surface may initiate adherence between platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates promote the recruitment of neutrophils into the inflamed microvasculature. In addition to this, adherent platelets on endothelial cells induce production of inflammatory cytokines thus lead to amplification of inflammatory response. In this review, we mention platelet dysfunction in preeclamptic pregnancies and inflammatory role of platelets in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Keywords

Preeclampsia, platelet aggregation, platelet activation, inflammation

Preeklampside trombositlerin enflamasyondaki rolü ve etkileri

Abstract

Preeklampsi tüm gebeliklerin %5-8’ ini komplike eden gebeliğin hipertansif hastalığıdır. Preeklampsi patogenezinde kılcal damar yatağındaki inflamasyon önemli rol oynar. Preeklampside olduğu gibi dolaşımda serbest halde bulunan mikropartiküllerle trombositlerin karşılaşması sonucunda trombositler aktive olurlar. Aktive olan trombositler dolaşıma serbest moleküller salarlar ve hücre yüzeylerindeki adhezyon moleküllerinin artmasına neden olurlar. Serbest moleküller trombosit, lökosit ve endotel hücreleri arasındaki etkileşimleri düzenlerler. Adhezyon molekülleri de trombosit, lökosit ve endotel hücrelerinin birbirlerine bağlanmasına aracılık ederler. Oluşan trombosit-lökosit agregatları nötrofillerin inflamasyonun olduğu damarsal yapılara göçünün artmasına neden olur. Ayrıca, endotel hücrelerine bağlanan trombositler sitokinlerin yapımına ve inflamatuvar yanıtın artmasına neden olur. Bu derlemede, preeklamptik gebelerde trombosit fonksiyon bozuklukları ve trombositlerin preeklampsi patogenezindeki inflamatuvar rolünden bahsedeceğiz.

Keywords

Preeklampsi, trombosit aggregasyonu, trombosit aktivasyonu, inflamasyon

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