Developmant of A Medical Error Scale for Nursing Students: A Methodological Study

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 210 - 219, 30.09.2019

İlknur Kahriman , Havva Ozturk

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.599907

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop the Medical Error Scale (MES) for the student nurses

Methods: This study was a methodological research. The study was conducted with 662 student nurses to develop a Medical Error Scale for student nurses. The scale development study was carried out in the nursing departments of the health sciences faculty of two universities; one in İstanbul and one in Trabzon. The data were collected with a questionnaire consisting of 6 questions about the demographic characteristics of the students and a draft scale including 94 items. In the analysis of the data, frequency, percentage, mean tests, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses’ tests were used.

Results: Content Validity Index of the scale was 0.82, Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.94, Spearman-Brown was 0.93,Guttman coefficient were 0.92, the upper and lower 27% test was – 44.42 and p=0.000, and item-total item correlation values ranged from 0.36 to 0.68. The scale had seven subscales according to exploratory factor analysis. The results of confirmatory factor analysis were chi-square/degree of freedom 3.01, RMSEA= 0.055, CFI= 0.97, NNFI= 0.97 and NFI= 0.96 and the scale showed a good agreement with the subscales.

Conclusion: The scale was a valid and reliable tool to collect data on whether student nurses acted carefully or made medical errors during their patient-related practices.

Keywords

Nurse, Student, Scale, Medical Error, Malpractices

References

• 1. Vural F, Çiftçi S, Fil Ş, Aydın A, Vural B. Healthcare staff's perception of patient safety climate and reporting of medical errors. Acıbadem University Journal of Health Sciences 2014; 5 (2): 152-157.
• 2. Karaca A, Arslan H. A study on evaluation of patient safety culture in nursing services. Journal of Health and Nursing Management 2014; 1(1): 9-18.
• 3. Alcan Z, Tekin ED, Civil Özbudak S. Patient Safety. Istanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstores; 2012.
• 4. WHO. “Patient Safety Curriculum Guide for Medical Schools”. France: WHO Press; 2009.
• 5. WHO. “Patient Safety Curriculum Guide”. Multi-professional Edition”. Malta: WHO Press; 2011.
• 6. Kuğuoğlu S, Çövener Ç, Kürtüncü Tanır M, Aktaş E. Professional and legal responsibility of nurses in Medication Administration. Maltepe University Journal of Nursing Science and Art 2009; 2(2): 86-93.
• 7. Güleç D, İntepeler ŞS. Developing a scale of attitudes towards medical errors. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing 2013; 15 (3): 26-41.
• 8. Akgün S, Al-Assaf AF. How can we create a culture of patient safety in health institutions? Journal of Health Thinking and Medical Culture 2007; 3: 42-7.
• 9. Rodrigue CH, Seoane L, Gala RB, Piazza J, Amedee RG. “Developing a practical and sustainable faculty development program with a focus on teaching quality improvement and patient safety: An Alliance for Independent Academic Medical Centers National Initiative III Project. Ochsner J 2012; 12 (4): 338-43.
• 10. Mira JJ, Navarro IM, Guilabert M, Poblete R, Franco AL, Jimenez P, Aquino M, Fernandez-Trujilo FJ, Lorenzo S, Vitaller J, Diaz de Velle Y, Aibar C, Aranaz JM, De Pedro JA. A Spanish-language patient safety questionnaire to measure medical and nursing students’ attitudes and knowledge. Rev. Panam Salud Publica 2015; 38 (2): 110-9.
• 11. Vaismoradi M, Salsali M, Marck P. Patient safety: Nursing students’ perspectives and the role of nursing education to provide safe care. International Nursing Review 2011; 58 (4): 434-442.
• 12. Tabbassum N, Allana S, Daeed T, Dias JM. “Content Validity of a Tool Measuring Medication Errors. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 2015; 25 (8): 623-4.
• 13. Mansour M. Factor analysis of nursing students’ perception of patient safety education. Nurs Educ Today. 2015; 35(1): 32-7.
• 14. Wolf ZR, Hicks R, Serembus JF. Characteristics of medication errors made by students during the administration phase: A descriptive study. J Prof Nurs. 2006; 22 (1): 39-51.
• 15. Cebeci F, Karazeybek E, Sucu G, Kahveci R. Nursing students’ medication errors and their opinions on the reasons of errors: A cross-sectional survey. J Pak Med Assoc 2015; 65 (5): 457-462.
• 16. Çokluk Ö, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk Ş. “Use of multivariate statistical SPSS and LISREL applications for social sciences" (14th Edition). Ankara: Pegem Academy; 2014.
• 17. Sims RL. Bivariate data analysis: A practical guide. Huntington. NY: Nova Publishers, Inc ; 2000.
• 18. Maddox P, Wakefield M, Bull J. Patient safety and the need for professional and educational change. Nursing Outlook 2001; 49(1): 8-13. 19. Aiken L, Clarke SP, Sloane D, Sochalski J, Silber JH. Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction. JAMA 2002; 288: (16), 1987-1993.
• 20. Gündoğmuş ÜN, Kurtaş Ö, Boz H, Biçer Ü, Çolak B, The function of experts in determining defects and defect rates. J of Forensic Sci 2002; 1: 63-67.
• 21. Mayo AM, Duncan D. Nurses’ perceptions of medication errors: what we need to know for patient safety. J of Nurs Care Qual 2004; 19 (3): 209-17.
• 22. Temel M. An important issue involving health personnel: Malpractice. Journal of Nursing Forum 2005; 3 (1): 84-90.
• 23. Ertem G, Oksel E, Akbıyık A. A retrospective review of malpractices. Dirim Medicine Journal 2009; 84 (1): 1-10.
• 24. Zencirci DA. Nursing and Medical Malpractice. Journal of Research and Development in Nursing 2010; 1 (7): 67-74.
• 25. Özata M, Aslan Ş. The Effect of Nursing and Midwifery Students to Patient Safety. H. International Health Quality and Performance Congress Book 2. Editor: Kırılmaz H. Ankara: Ministry of Health Performance and Quality Congress of Turkey; 2009. pp. 60.
• 26. Altunkan, H. Malpractice in health personnel providing nursing services: Konya example. (Master Thesis). Selçuk University Institute of Health Sciences Department of Nursing). 2009.
• 27. ICN. Nursing Matters; medication errors, fact sheets. Geneva, Switzerland: International Council of Nurses. 2009.
• 28. Ayık G, Özsoy S, Çetinkaya A. Nursing students' medication malpractices. FNJN 2010; 18 (3): 136-43.
• 29. Bodur S, Filiz E, Çimen A, Kapçı C, Erbakan N. The attitudes of senior nursing and midwifery students towards patient safety and medical errors. General Medicine Journal 2012; 22 (2): 37-42.
• 30. Alemdar DK, Aktaş YY. “Medical error types and causes made by nurses in Turkey”. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 2013; 12 (3): 307-314.
• 31. Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Pers Psychol 1975; 28 (4): 563–575.
• 32. Şencan H. Reliability and validity of social and behavioral measures. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing; 2005. pp. 107, 384,724,725,743,752.
• 33. Baykal Ü, Şahin NH, Altuntaş S. Adaptation of patient safety scale to Turkish. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing 2010; 7(1): 39-45.
• 34. Tak B. Establishing patient safety systems as the main component of quality of care services: a roadmap for hospitals", Health Performance and Quality Review: a roadmap for hospitals. Health Performance and Quality Review 2010; 1: 72-113.
• 35. Reid-Searl K, Moxham L, Happell B. Enhancing patient safety: The importance of direct supervision for avoiding medication errors and near misses by undergraduate nursing students. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16 (3): 225-32.
• 36. Altunışık R, Çoşkun R, Bayraktaroğlu S, Yıldırım E. Research Methods in Social Sciences (7 Edition). Sakarya: Sakarya Publishing; 2012.
• 37. Demircioğlu G. Validity and reliability. Assessment and evaluation. Editor: Karip, E. Ankara: Pegem Academy; 2014.
• 38. Erefe İ. The nature of the data collection instruments. Research in Nursing. Editor: Erefe, I. Ankara: Odak Offset; 2002.
• 39. Fawcett AL. Principles of assessment and outcome measurement for occupational therapist and physiotherapist: Theory, skills and application. North Yorkshire: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2007.
• 40. Yurdagül H. “Use of Content Validity Indexes for Content Validity in Scale Development Studies", XVI. National Congress of Educational Sciences. Pamukkale University Faculty of Education, Denizli: 28-30 September 2005.
• 41. Hair JF, Black WC, Barry JB, Rolph EA. Multivariate data analysis (7th Edition). USA: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2010.
• 42. Sipahi B, Yurtkoru ES, Cinko M. Data analysis with SPSS in social sciences, İstanbul: Beta Printing Publishing Distribution A.Ş; 2008.
• 43. Büyüköztürk S. Handbook for data analysis in the social sciences. (22nd Edition). Ankara: Pegem Publishing; 2016.
• 44. Çapık C. Use of confirmatory factor analysis in validity and reliability studies. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences 2014; 17(3): 196-205.
• 45. Munro BH. “Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. Philadelphia: Lippincott Willams & Wilkins; 2005.
• 46. Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. (Second Edition). NY: Guilford Publications. Inc; 2005.
• 47. Hooper D, Coughlan J, Mullen MR. Structural equation modelling: guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods 2008; 6 (1): 53-60.
• 48. Erkuş A. Psychometry. Ankara: Turkish Psychological Association Publications; 2003.