Anatomical and Palynological Investigations on Rubia tinctorum L. (Rubieae, Rubiaceae) from the Aegean Region of Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 4, 29.06.2020

Nurettin Arı , Ahmet Kahraman

https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.671327

Abstract

The genus Rubia
L. includes valuable species in terms of important agricultural,
industrial, and pharmacological characteristics. Red dye obtained from the
roots of Rubia tinctorum L.,
naturally found in the flora of Turkey and known as common madder, has been
used as the source of a natural dye since ancient times. In this work, a
preliminary report is given on anatomical and palynological traits of R. tinctorum distributed in the Aegean
Region of Turkey examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. In the
root anatomy, the cortex composed of multilayered parenchyma cells, the
vascular tissue organized in collateral vascular bundles, 1(-2)-rowed ray
cells, and the pith with a cavity at the center are observed. In the leaf
anatomy, the bifacial and amphistomatic leaf, the dorsiventral mesophyll with
one layer of columnar palisade parenchyma cells and a few layers of irregularly
organized spongy parenchyma cells, and the midrib with a large collateral
vascular bundle surrounded by parenchymatous bundle sheath cells are recognized.
Pollen grains are shed as monads, small, mostly spheroidal in equatorial view,
generally hexacolpate and have a microechinate-perforate exine ornamentation.

Keywords

Rubia, vegetative anatomy, pollen morphology, microscopy technique

Supporting Institution

The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Usak University

Project Number

UBAP-2017/MF012

Thanks

Mr. Samet Abbak at The Technology Application and Research Centre (TUAM), Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey for operating the SEM.

Türkiye’nin Ege Bölgesinden Rubia tinctorum L. (Rubieae, Rubiaceae) Üzerine Anatomik ve Palinolojik Araştırmalar

Abstract

Rubia L.
cinsi tarımsal, endüstriyel ve farmakolojik açıdan önemli türleri içermektedir.
Türkiye florasında doğal olarak bulunan ve kızılboya olarak bilinen Rubia tinctorum L. eski tarihlerden beri
köklerinden elde edilen kökboyası ile doğal boya kaynağı olarak
kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin Ege Bölgesi’nde yayılış gösteren R. tinctorum’un ışık ve taramalı
elektron mikroskobu ile incelenen anatomik and palinolojik özellikleri üzerine
bir ön değerlendirme raporu verilir. Kök anatomisinde, çok sıralı parankima
hücrelerinden meydana gelen korteks, kollateral iletim demetlerinden oluşan
iletim doku, 1(-2) sıralı ışın hücreleri ve merkezinde bir boşluk bulunan öz
gözlemlenmektedir. Yaprak ayası anatomisi incelendiğinde, bifasiyal ve
amfistomatik tipte yaprak, 1 sıralı silindir şeklinde palizat parankiması ile
birkaç sıralı düzensiz dizilmiş sünger parankimasından oluşan dosiventral tipte
mezofil ve parankimatik demet kını hücreleri tarafından çevrelenen büyük
kollateral bir iletim demetine sahip orta damar bulunmaktadır. Polen
tanecikleri tek tek dökülür, küçük boyutlu, ekvatoral görünümde sıklıkla
sferoidal şekilli, genellikle hekzakolpat ve mikroekinat-perforat ekzin süsüne
sahiptir.

Keywords

Rubia, vejetatif anatomi, polen morfolojisi, mikroskobi tekniği

Project Number

UBAP-2017/MF012

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