Viburnum tinus L.’ nin Üreme Organlarının Gelişimsel Özellikleri

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 243 - 250, 19.12.2019

Aslıhan Çetinbaş Genç

https://doi.org/10.28979/comufbed.569864

Abstract

Adoxaceae familyasına ait olan Viburnum tinus eczacılık ve peyzaj
mimarisinde sıklıkla kullanılan bir bitkidir. Korimbus tip çiçek durumunda
bulunan beyaz ve hoş kokulu çiçekler hermafrodittir. Çiçek tomurcuklarında
gelişim apikal meristemin küçük bir çıkıntı olarak farklılaşması ile başlar.
İlerleyen evrelerde apikal tepe genişleyip düzleşerek floral meristeme dönüşür.
Floral meristem hücreleri büyük hacimli ve bol sitoplazmalıdır. Gelişimin
ilerlemesi ile beraber floral meristemden ilk önce beş adet stamen taslağı,
ardından 3 adet karpel taslağı farklılaşır. Anterler tetrasporangiyattır. Anter
çeperi epidermis, fibroz kalınlaşma gösteren endotesyum, kısa ömürlü ara tabaka
ve plazmodyal tapetumdan oluşur. Tapetum hücreleri genç polen evresinde
körelir. Polen taneleri stomiumların açılması ile doğaya salınır. Karpel
taslakları yukarı doğru uzayıp, birleşerek ovaryumun üzerinde stilusu
oluşturur. Her ovaryum lokusunda bir tohum taslağı farklılaşır. Ancak tohum
taslaklarından sadece bir tanesi olgun embriyo kesesine dönüşür. Tohum
taslakları tek integümentli ve tenuinusellat tiptedir. Stilus nakil doku
içerir. Stigma üç loblu ve ıslak tiptedir. Stilusun nakil dokusu ve stigma
papilleri tozlaşmadan sonra körelmeye başlar.

Keywords

çiçek ontogenisi, eşeyli üreme, gelişim biyolojisi, üreme biyolojisi, Viburnum tinus

Developmental Features of Reproductive Organs in Viburnum tinus L.

Abstract

Viburnum tinus, which belongs to Adoxaceae family,
is a plant that commonly used in pharmacy and landscape architecture. Flowers
located in corymb-type of the inflorescence are white, fragrant, hermaphrodite. The
development of the flower buds begins with the differentiation of the apical
meristem as a small bulge. Afterwards, the apical apex is expanded, flattened
and transforms into a floral meristem. Floral meristem cells have large
volume and abundant cytoplasm. Concomitant with the development, firstly five
stamen primordia and then three carpel primordia differentiate from the floral
meristem. Anthers are tetrasporangiate. Anther wall is formed by epidermis,
endothecium with fibrous thickening, ephemeral middle layer and, plasmodial
tapetum. Tapetal cells degenerate at the young pollen stage. Pollen grains are discharged
by the opening of stomium. Carpel primordial cells lengthen upwards, merge and
form a style above the ovary. An ovule differentiates into each ovarian loculi.
But the development continues only in one them and transforms into the mature
embryo sac. Ovules are unitegmic and tenuinucellate. The style has a
transmitting channel. Stigma is three-lobed and wet typed. The transmitting
tissue and stigmatic papillae start to degenerate after pollination.

Keywords

developmental biology, flower ontogeny, reproductive biology, sexual reproduction, Viburnum tinus

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