Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu’na Yönelik Uzaktan Koçluk Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 48 Issue: 2, 1072 - 1110, 30.10.2019

Mine Kizir

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın
amacı, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuklara, ailelerine veya bu alanda
görev yapan uzmanlara yönelik olarak uzaktan yürütülen koçluk uygulamalarını
kapsayan çalışmaları incelemek ve sistematik olarak sunmaktır. Bu amaca
ulaşabilmek için, uzaktan koçluk uygulamalarına ilişkin yürütülen, 2010-2018
yılları arasında, hakemli bir dergide yayımlanmış olan ve deneysel veya yarı
deneysel çalışmalar alanyazın üzerinden taranmıştır. Belirlenen ölçütlere göre
ulaşılan 18 çalışma, “öyküleyici derleme” türünde incelenerek sunulmuştur.
İncelenen araştırmalar, katılımcı özellikleri, araştırma modeli, hedeflenen
beceri alanı, bağımsız değişken, kullanılan teknolojik donanım, uygulama
süreci, geçerlik-güvenirlik, izleme-genelleme ve sonuçlarına ilişkin özellikler
bakımından incelenmişlerdir. Sonuçlar,
uzaktan koçluk uygulamalarının hedeflenen beceriler üzerinde etkili olduğunu
göstermektedir. Gerçek ortamlarda yürütülen koçluk uygulamalarının maliyet,
ulaşım ve zamanın esnek olamaması gibi sınırlılıkları bulunmaktadır. Araştırma
sonuçlarından yola çıkarak, söz konusu sınırlılıkların giderilmesinde uzaktan
koçluk uygulamaları bir çözüm olabilmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra özellikle kırsal
kesimlerde yaşayan ailelerin veya uzmanların özel eğitim hizmetlerine ulaşabilmeleri
uzaktan koçluk uygulamaları ile mümkün olabilecektir.

Keywords

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu, Uzaktan eğitim, Uzman eğitimi, Ebeveyn eğitimi.

Reviewing of Telehealth (Distance) Coaching Practices for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine and to present
systematically the coaching practices studies conducted for children, their
families or specialists in the field of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In
order to achieve this aim, experimental or quasi-experimental studies on
telehealth (distance) coaching practices published in a peer-reviewed journal
between the years 2010-2018 were reviewed over the literature. According to the
criteria determined, 18 studies were presented in the type of "narrative
review". Investigations were examined in terms of participant
characteristics, research model, targeted skill area, independent variable, a
technology used, implementation process, validity-reliability,
follow-up-generalization, and results. The results show that telehealth
coaching practices have an impact on targeted skills. Coaching practices
carried out in in-situ have limitations such as cost, transportation and the
inability of time to be flexible. Based on the results of the research,
telehealth coaching practices can be a solution to overcome these limitations.
In addition, it will be possible for families or professionals living in rural
areas to access special education services through distance coaching practices.

Keywords

Telehealth coaching, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Distance education, Professional education, Parent education

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