Development of Alternative Solutions to Reduce Exhaust Emissions in Diesel Engines

Year 2017, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 63 - 71, 26.12.2017

Kadir Aydın , Havva Hande Şahin

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaummfd.371036

Abstract

Diesel engines have an important role in environmental pollution. Unfortunately, the fossil fuel
combustion comes with both global emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4), which cause climate change, and local
emissions (PM, NOx, HC, CO, O3), which cause adverse health effects and damage natural environment.
The aim of this study is to reduce the level of exhaust emissions by adding fuel additive metal oxide
based nanoparticles as an alternative way. In addition, the effect of reducing NOx emissions by changing
the amount of Adblue sprayed and adding 3% and 5% ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 to the Adblue
solution in the SCR system was investigated. Finally, the optimum addition dosages were determined and
exhaust emission values namely NOx and CO were reduced with the addition of nanoparticles.

Keywords

Heavy duty engines, Nanoparticles, Emissions

Dizel Motorlarda Egzoz Emisyonlarını Azaltmaya Yönelik Alternatif Çözümlerin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Dizel motorların çevre kirliliğindeki rolü çok büyüktür. Ne yazık ki, fosil yakıtların yakılması hem iklim
değişikliğine yol açan global emisyonları (CO2, N2O, CH4), hem de sağlık açısından olumsuz etkilere
sahip olan ve doğal çevreye zarar veren bölgesel emisyonları (PM, NOx, HC, CO, O3), beraberinde
getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı emisyon seviyelerini düşürmek için alternatif bir yol olarak yakıtlara
metal oksit esaslı nano partikül katkı maddesi ilave etmektir. Ayrıca SCR sisteminde püskürtülen üre
çözeltisi miktarı değiştirilerek ve üre çözeltisine %3 ve %5 oranlarında amonyum sülfat (NH4)2SO4
eklenerek NOx emisyonlarını azaltma etkisi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen neticeler sonrasında egzoz
emisyonlarını azaltmak için uygun katkı dozaj miktarı tespit edilmiş olup kullanılan nanopartikül
katkılarının NOx ve CO gibi zararlı egzoz emisyon değerlerini azalttığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Ağır vasıta motorlar, Nanopartiküller, Emisyon

References

• 1. Cho, S.M., 1994. Properly Apply Selective Catalytic Reduction for NOx Removal. Chem. Eng. Prog., 39-45.
• 2. Cobb, D., Glatch L., Rudd, J., Snyder, S., 1991. Application of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Technology for NOx Reduction from Refinery Combustion Sources. Environmental Progress, 10:49-59.
• 3. Hirata, K., Masaki, N., Ueno, H., Akagawa, H., 2005. Development of Urea-SCR System for a Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicles. SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1860.
• 4. Koebel, M., Madia, G., Elsener, M., 2002. Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO and NO2 at Low Temperatures. Catalysis Today, 73: 239-247.
• 5. http://www.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/ pdfs/deer
• 6. Mathes, W., Witzel, F., Schnapp, S., 1999. Exhaust Gas Control System for Diesel Engine Exhaust Gases. International Patent Application, WO 99/05402.
• 7. http://www.businessinsider.com/adding-ureato-clean-diesel-cars-can-i-just-pee-in-the-tank2011-5#ixzz3XBp2lw3G
• 8. Bosch, H., Janssen, F., 1988. Formation and Control of Nitrogen Oxides. Catal Today, (2):369.
• 9. Cobb, D., Glatch, L., Rudd, J., Snyder, S., 1991. Application of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Technology for NOx Reduction from Refinery Combustion Sources. Environmental Progress, 10:49-59.
• 10. Hirata, K., Masaki, N., Ueno, H., Akagawa, H., 2005. Development of Urea-SCR System for a Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicles. SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1860.
• 11.Berner, G., 1993. Static Mixer. International Patent Application, WO 93/00990.
• 12. Van Helden, R., Verbeek, R., Willems, F., 2004. Optimisation of Urea SCR de NOx Systems for HD Diesel Engines. SAE, 2004- 01-0154.
• 13. Ozgur, C., Ozgur, T., Ozcanlı, M., Aydin, K., 2015. Determination of the Impacts of Nanoparticule Additives into Diesel Fuel on NOx Emmision Characteristics of a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 799:857-860.
• 14. Ozgur, T., Tuccar, G., Uludamar, E., Yilmaz, A.C., Gungor, C., Ozcanli, M., Serin, H., Aydin, K., 2015. Effect of Nanoparticle Additives on NOx Emissions of Diesel Fueled Compression Ignition Engine, International Journal of Global Warming, 7:487-498 .
• 15. Ozgur, T., Ozcanlı, M., Aydin, K., 2015. Investigation of Nanoparticle Additives to Biodiesel for Improvement of the Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Compression Ignition Engine, International Journal of Green Energy, 12:51-56.