Diyarbakır bölgesinde malign melanom hastalarının BRAF mutasyonu analizi

Year 2020, Volume: 45 Issue: 4, 1384 - 1392, 27.12.2020

İbrahim İbiloglu , Ulas Alabalık , Ayşe Nur Keleş Gülay Aydoğdu , Hüseyin Büyükbayram

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Diyarbakır yöresindeki malign melanoma (MM) vakalarında BRAF V600E mutasyon oranlarını belirlemeyi, mutasyon oranlarının prognostik parametrelerle ilişkisini araştırmayı ve sonuçları Türkiye’nin batısındaki değerler ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2014-Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversite Tıp Fakültesi Patoloji AD’da tanı alan primer MM ve metastatik MM olmak üzere 93 MM olgusu dahil edildi. Hastaların real-time polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) yöntemi ile çalışılan BRAF V600E mutasyon sonuçları ile prognostik parametreler karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: MM tanılı 93 hastada BRAF V600E mutasyon oranı %21,5 (n=20) olup gövde ve baş-boyun yerleşimli tümörlerde, kutanöz ve mukozal yerleşimli tümörlerde, Clark evre V tümörlerde, 0-2 mm arası çapa sahip tümörlerde, Ki-67 proliferasyonu %11-20 arasında olanlarda, ülserli olmayan tümörlerde, kronik güneş maruziyeti olanlarda daha yüksek oranda izlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Diyarbakır yöresinde BRAF mutasyonunu Türkiye’nin batısındaki değerlere göre daha düşük bulduk. Bunun nedeninin bölgemizde akral lentijinöz melanom (ALM)’un daha sık izlenmesi olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. Küçük çaplı tümörlerde BRAF V600E mutasyonunun daha fazla izlenmesine karşın yüksek Clark evre tümörlerde daha fazla görülmesi, mutasyonun daha sonra tümörün ileri evrelerinde de ortaya çıkabileceğini akla getirmiştir. Yüksek olgu serileri ile yapılacak çalışmalar BRAF ve prognostik değerler arasındaki korelasyonları ortaya çıkarabilir ve tedavi için hasta seçiminde yararlı olabilir.

Keywords

Malign melanom, BRAF V600E, Real-time PCR, Diyarbakır

BRAF mutation analysis of malignant melanoma cases in Diyarbakır, Turkey

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine BRAF V600E mutation rates of malignant melanoma (MM) cases in the Diyarbakır region in this study to investigate the relationship between mutation rate of prognostic parameters. We also aimed to compare the results with values from west Turkey.
Materials and Methods: Between all cases of MM, including primary MM and metastatic MM diagnosed at Dicle University Medical Faculty Pathology Department between January 2014 and July 2019 were included. The BRAF V600E mutation results, which were studied with the real-time polyemerase chain reaction (PCR) method, were compared with the prognostic parameters.
Results: In 93 patients with MM, the BRAF V600E mutation rate was 21.5% (n = 20). Trunk and head-neck tumors, cutaneous and mucosal tumors, Clark stage V tumors, tumors with a diameter of 0-2 mm, Ki-67 proliferation between 11-20%, non-ulcerous tumors, chronic sun exposure in a higher rate was detected.
Conclusions: BRAF mutations in Diyarbakir region were found to be lower than the value in the region in the west of Turkey. We think that the reason for this is more frequent monitoring of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) in our region. Although the BRAF V600E mutation was observed more in small-sized tumors, it was seen more in high Clark stage tumors, suggesting that the mutation may occur later in the advanced stages of the tumor. Studies with high case series may reveal possible correlations between BRAF and prognostic values and may be useful in patient selection for treatment.

Keywords

malignant melanoma, BRAF

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