Effect of acceptance and commitment-based counseling on smoking cessation and quality of life

Year 2021, Volume: 46 Issue: 2, 677 - 690, 30.06.2021

Mahmut Evli , Nuray Şimşek

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.837634

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effect of acceptance and commitment-based counseling on smoking cessation and quality of life in Turkish society.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial with experimental design with 35 individuals including 17 in the intervention group and 18 in the control group. The data of the study were collected using the Personal Information Form, SF-36 Quality of life Questionnaire, and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). 6 sessions of acceptance and commitment-based counseling was given to the intervention group including 1 session per week for 6 weeks.
Results: The intervention and control groups had similar demographic characteristics. It was determined that there was a significant decrease in the mean number of cigarettes a day and FTND intervention follow-up measurement mean scores after the intervention and in the follow-up measurements in the intervention group and this decrease was significantly lower than the mean number of cigarettes per day by the participants in the control group. In the intragroup evaluation of SF-36 Quality of Life subscale scores of the intervention group, significant score increases were observed in all subscales other than physical role functioning, pain, and emotional role functioning.
Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment-based counseling was found to be effective in smoking cessation and quality of life in Turkish society. This study provide useful evidence-based information for healthcare professionals in the nursing practice.

Keywords

Acceptance and comminment, counseling, quality of life, smoking cessation

Supporting Institution

Erciyes University

Project Number

TDK-2017-7794

Kabul ve kararlılık temelli danışmanlığın sigara bırakma ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma, kabul ve kararlılık temelli danışmanlığın Türk toplumunda sigara bıraktırma ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma randomize kontrollü deneysel desenli bir çalışma olarak; 17 müdahale, 18 kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 35 birey ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (FNBÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Müdahale grubuna 6 hafta, haftada 1 seans olmak üzere 6 seans kabul ve kararlılık temelli danışmanlık verilmiştir.
Bulgular: Müdahale ve kontrol grubu benzer demografik özelliklere sahiptir. Müdahale grubunda günde içilen sigara sayılarının müdahale sonrası ve izlem ölçümündeki sayı ortalamalarında anlamlı düşüş olduğu ve bu düşüşün kontrol grubundaki katılımcıların günde içilen sigara sayı ortalamalarından anlamlı oranda düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi alt ölçek puanlarının müdahale grup içi değerlendirmesinde; fiziksel rol fonksiyon, ağrı ve emosyonel rol fonksiyon dışındaki bütün alt boyutlarda anlamlı puan artışlarının olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Kabul ve kararlılık temelli danışmanlığın Türk toplumunda sigara bıraktırma ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, hemşirelik uygulamalarında sağlık uzmanları için faydalı kanıta dayalı bilgiler sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Kabul ve Kararlılık, danışmanlık, yaşam kalitesi, sigara bırakma

Project Number

TDK-2017-7794

References

• 1. Turkey Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 2012. Available at. http://www.halksagligiens.hacettepe.edu.tr/KYTA_TR.pdf, Accessed date: 06.10.2018.
• 2. World Health Organization (WHO) Report on The Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2019. Offer help to quit tobacco use, Available at. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/326043/9789241516204-eng.pdf?ua=1, Accessed date: 12.11.2019.
• 3. Makate M, Whetton S, Tait RJ, Dey T, Scollo M, Banks E, Norman R, Pidd K, Roche AM, Allsop S. Tobacco cost of ıllness studies: A systematic review. Nicotine Tobacco Research. 2020;22(4):458-65. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntz038.
• 4. Banks E, Joshy G, Korda RJ, Stavreski B, Soga K, Egger S, Day C, Clarke NE, LewingtonS, Lopez AD. Tobacco smoking and risk of 36 cardiovascular disease subtypes: Fatal and non-fatal outcomes in a large prospective Australian study. BMC Medicine. (2019);17(1):128. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1351-4.
• 5. Ayup S. Cigarette smoking associate ın nursing schizophrenia: An unmet public health burden. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies. 2020;2(10):136-9. ISSN 2640-7272
• 6. Goldenberg M, Danovitch I, Ishak WW. Quality of life and smoking. The American Journal on Addictions. 2014;23:540-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12148.x.
• 7. Nduaguba SO, Ford KH, Rascati K. The role of physical activity in the association between smoking status and quality of life. Nicotine Tobacco Research. 2019;21(8):1065-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty052
• 8. Alton D, Eng L, Lu L, Song Y, Su J, Farzanfar D, … Giuliani ME. Perceptions of continued smoking and smoking cessation among patients with cancer. Journal of Oncology Practice. 2018; 14(5):269-79. https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.17.00029
• 9. Akanbi MO, Carroll AJ, Achenbach C, O'Dwyer LC, Jordan N, Hitsman B, Bilaver LA, McHugh MC, Murphy R. The efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction. 2019;114(4):620-35. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/add.14518.
• 10. De Bruin M, Viechtbauer W, Eisma MC, Hartmann-Boyce J, West R, Bull E, Michie S, Johnston M. Identifying effective behavioural components of Intervention and Comparison group support provided in SMOKing cEssation (IC-SMOKE) interventions: A systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews. 2016;5:77. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0253-1.
• 11. Bani-Yaghoub M, Elhomani A, Catley D. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing, health education and brief advice in a population of smokers who are not ready to quit. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 2018;18(1): 52-62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0511-0.
• 12. Spears CA, Hedeker D, Li L, Wu C, Anderson NK, Houchins SC, Vinci C, Hoover DS, Vidrine JI, Cinciripini PM, Waters AJ, Wetter DW. Mechanisms underlying mindfulness-based addiction treatment versus cognitive behavioral therapy and usual care for smoking cessation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. (2017);85(11):1029–40. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp000022
• 13. Harris, R. Easy to Learn ACT: A Quick Start for Principles and Beyond, Karatepe T.H. & Yavuz F.K.(Eds.), Litera Publishing, İstanbul, 2016; 17-35.
• 14. Gifford VE, Kohlenberg SB, Hayes CS, Antonuccio OD, Piasecki MM, Rasmussen-Hall ML, Palm MK. Acceptance-based treatment for smoking cessation. Behavior Therapy. 2004; 35:689-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(04)80015-7.
• 15. Sancho M, De Gracia M, Rodríguez RC, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Sánchez-González J, Trujols J, Sánchez I, Jiménez-Murcia S, Menchón JM. Mindfulness based interventions for the treatment of substance and behavioral addictions: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2018;9: 95. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.0009
• 16. Serfaty S, Gale G, Beadman M, Froeliger B, Kamboj SK. Mindfulness, acceptance and defusion strategies in smokers: A systematic review of laboratory studies. Mindfulness. 2018;9(1):44-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0767-1
• 17. Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of short form-36 (SF-36). Journal of Medicine and Therapy. 1999;12:102-6. 18. Aydemir Ö, Köroğlu E. Clinical Scales Used in Psychiatry: HYB Publishing, Ankara, 2012; 432-6.
• 19. Heathorn TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerström KO. The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence: A revision of the Fagerstrom tolerence questionnaire. British Journal of Addiction. 1991;86:1119-27.
• 20. Uysal AM, Kadakal F, Karşıdağ Ç, Bayram NG, Uysal O, Yilmaz V. Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence: reliability in a Turkish sample and factor analysis. Journal of Tuberculosis and Thorax. 2004;52(2):115-21.
• 21. Bricker JB, Copeland W, Mull KE, Zeng EY, Watson NL, Akioka KJ, Heffner JL. Single-arm trial of the second version of an acceptance & commitment therapy smartphone application for smoking cessation. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2017;170(1):37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.029.
• 22. Haskins BL, Lesperance D, Gibbons P, Boudreaux ED. A systematic review of smartphone applications for smoking cessation. Translational Behavioral Medicine. 2017;7(2):292-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-017-0492-2.
• 23. Bal U, Çakmak S, Yılmaz E, Tamam L, Karaytuğ OM. Smoking cessation through acceptance and commitment therapy: A case report. Cukurova Medical Journal. 2015; 40(4):841-6.
• 24. Brown RA, Reed KM, Bloom EL, Minami H, Strong DR, Lejuez CW, Kahler CW, Zvolensky MJ, Gifford EV, Hayes SC. Development and preliminary randomized controlled trial of a distress tolerance treatment for smokers with a history of early lapse. Nicotine Tobacco Research. 2013;15(12):2005-15. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntt093.
• 25. Graham CD, Gouick J, Krahé C, Gillanders D. A systematic review of the use of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in chronic disease and long-term conditions. Clinical Psychology Review. 2016;46:46–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.009
• 26. Hofmann SG, Wu JQ, Boettcher H. Effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders on quality of life: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2014;82(3):375-91. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035491.
• 27. Scott W, Hann KE, McCracken LM. A comprehensive examination of changes in psychological flexibility following acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. 2016;46:139-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-016-9328-5
• 28. Eifert GH, Forsyth PJ, Arch J, Espejo E, Keller M, Langer D. Acceptance and commitment therapy for anxiety disorders: Three case studies exemplifying a unified treatment protocol. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. 2009;16:368-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.001
• 29. Brassington L, Ferreira NB, Yates S, Fearn J, Lanza P, Kemp K, Gillanders D. Better living with illness: A transdiagnostic acceptance and commitment therapy group intervention for chronic physical illness. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. 2016;5(4):208-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.09.001
• 30. González-Fernández S, Fernández-Rodríguez C, Paz-Caballero MD, Pérez-Álvarez M. Treating anxiety and depression of cancer survivors: Behavioral activation versus acceptance and commitment therapy. Psicothema. 2018;30(1):14-20. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2017.396.
• 31. Zohreh P, Zıba IB. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based treatment on mental health and cognitive function in elderly people with age-related macula degradation. Journal of Aging Psychology. 2017;3(2):137-146.
• 32. Wetherell JL, Afari N, Rutledge T, Sorrell JT, Stoddard JA, Petkus AJ, Solomon BC, Lehman DH, Liu L, Lang AJ, Atkinson JH. A randomized, controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain. Pain. 2011;152(9):2098-107. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.pain.2011.05.016.
• 33. McCracken ML, Sato A, Taylor JG. A trial of a brief group-based form of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain in general practice: Pilot outcome and process results. The Journal of Pain. 2013;14(11):1398-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2013.06.011
• 34. Forman ME, Shaw AJ, Goetter ME, Herbert JD, Park JA, Yuen EK. Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing acceptance and commitment therapy and standard cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety and depression. Behavior Therapy. 2012;43(4):801-811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2012.04.004.
• 35. Scholl JM, Benacerraf A, Ducimetiere P, Chabas D, Brau J, Chapelle J, Thery JL. Comparison of risk factors in vasaspastic angina without significant fixed coronary narrowing to significant fixed coronary narrowing and no vasaspastic angina. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1986;57:199-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(86)90890-8
• 36. Malenica M, Prnjavorac B, Bego T, Dujic T, Semiz S, Skrbo S, Gusic A, Hadzic A, Causevic A. Effect of cigarette smoking on haematological parameters in healthy population. Medical Archives. 2017;71(2):132-6. https://doi.org/10.5455/medarh.2017.71.132-136.
• 37. Wicksell RK, Ahlqvist J, Bring A, Melin L, Olsson GL. Can exposure and acceptance strategies improve functioning and life satisfaction in people with chronic pain and whiplash-associated disorders (WAD)? A randomized controlled trial. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. 2008;37(3):169-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506070802078970.
• 38. Sheppard CS, Forsyth PJ, Hickling JE, Bianchi MJ. A novel application of acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosocial problems associated with multiple sclerosis. International Journal of MS Care. 2010;12(4):200-6. https://doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073-12.4.200
• 39. Belch JJF, McArdle BM, Burns F, Lowe GD, Forbes CD. The effects of acute smoking on platelet behavior, fibrinolysis and hemorrheology in habitual smokers. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 1984;51(1):6-8.