Sigarayı bırakma kararında akciğer kanseri tanısı etkili midir?

Year 2022, Volume: 47 Issue: 1, 134 - 142, 31.03.2022

Hülya Bulut , Enver Yalnız , Pınar Çimen

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.980891

Abstract

Amaç: Akciğer kanseri dünyada en sık görülen kanserlerden biri olup, kanser gelişiminde en önemli rolü sigara oynamaktadır. Çalışmamızda akciğer kanseri tanısı almış ve aktif sigara içen hastalarda kanser tanısı aldıktan sonra sigara içme durumlarının nasıl etkilendiği ve bırakma üzerine etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız Nisan-Aralık 2018 tarihlerinde İzmir’de bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde akciğer kanseri tanısı almış ve sigara öyküsü olan 410 kişi ile yapılmış tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Hastaların sosyo-demografik özellikleri, sigara öyküsü, tanı sonrası sigarayı bırakıp bırakmadığı, sigarayı tanı aldıktan ne kadar surer sonar bıraktığı, sigara kullanımı ile akciğer kanseri hastalığı arasında ilişki incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Yaşlarının ortalaması 60.41±14.85 olan hastaların %62.7’si erkektir. Hastaların akciğer kanseri tanı sonrasında sigarayı bırakmaları anlamlı olarak artmış ve günlük içtikleri sigara sayısı anlamlı olarak azalmştır. Sigara bırakmada erkeklerin kadınlara göre ve çalışanların sigara bırakma oranları oranı yüksek bulundu. Alkol kullanmayanların sigara bırakma oranı anlamlı şekilde fazladır. Sigara bırakma zamanı ilk bir yıl içinde fazladır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile aktif sigara içicilerinin büyük bir kısmının akciğer kanser tanısı aldıktan sonra sigarayı bıraktıkları tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Akciğer kanseri, sigara içimi, sigara bırakma

Is the diagnosis of lung cancer effective in decision of smoking cessation period?

Abstract

Purpose: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and smoking plays an important role in the development of lung cancer. The study aims to determine the impact of a lung cancer diagnosis on the period of smoking habits. Also, we aimed to find out the factors affecting smoking cessation in patients after being diagnosed with lung cancer.
Materials and Methods: Our study is a descriptive study with 410 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and who had a history of smoking in a training and research hospital in Izmir between April and December 2018. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, smoking history, smoking status after the diagnosis, the duration of smoking cessation after the diagnosis, the relationship between smoking and lung cancer disease were investigated.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 60.41±14.85 and 62.7% of the patients were male. Quitting smoking rate was significantly increased and the number of cigarettes smoked daily was decreased after the diagnosis of lung cancer. The rate of quitting smoking after the diagnosis was higher in male patients compared to female patients and the smoking cessation rate was found to be higher in employees. The smoking cessation rate of those who do not use alcohol is significantly higher. The smoking cessation rate was higher in the first year after the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Conclusions: This study showed that the majority of the patients had quit smoking after the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Keywords

Lung cancer, smoking, smoking cessation

References

• WHO. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2011. Geneva, WHO, 2011.
• Clotet J, Gomez-Arbones X, Ciria C. Spirometry is a good method for detecting and monitoring chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in high-risk smokers in primary healthcare. Arch Bronconeumol. 2004;40:155-9.
• Statistical Institute of Turkey "Cause of death statistics, 2018" Access address: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1083 (Accessed 20.10.2019).
• Spiro SG, Porter JC: Lung cancer-Where are we today? Current advances in staging and nonsurgical treatment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:1166-96.
• Vander Veen JW, Gulliver SB, Morissette SB, Kruse MI, Kamholz BW, Zimering RT et al. Differences in drinking patterns, occupational stress, and exposure to potentially traumatic events among firefighters: predictors of smoking relapse. Am J Addict. 2012;21:550-4.
• Westmaas JL, Newton CC, Stevens VL, Flanders WD, Gapstur SM, Jacobs EJ. Does a recent cancer diagnosis predict smoking cessation? An analysis from a large prospective US cohort. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:1647-52.
• Patterson F, Wileyto EP, Segal J, Kurz J, Glanz K, Hanlon A. Intention to quit smoking: role of personal and family member cancer diagnosis. Health Educ Res. 2010;25:792-802.
• Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality inrelation to smoking: 50 years’ observations on male british doctors. BMJ. 2004;328:1529–33.
• Schnoll RA, Martinez E, Tatum KL, Weber DM, Kuzla N, Glass M et al. A bupropion smoking cessation clinical trial for cancer patients. Cancer Causes Control. 2010;21:811-20.
• WHO. World Health Statistics 2012. Geneva, WHO, 2012.
• Statistical Institufe of Turkey. Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2012http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1042 (Accessed 10.08.2019).
• Kutlu R, Demirbas N, Boruban M.C. Guler T Cancer types attributable to cigarette smoking and socio-demographic characteristics. Turkish Journal of Oncology. 2014;29:81-8.
• Demirbas N, Kutlu R. Effect of smoking on lung age and respiratory function tests. Cukurova Med J. 2018;43:155-63.
• Marqueta A, Nerín I, Gargallo P, Beamonte A. Gender differences in success at qu-itting smoking: Short- and long-term outcomes. Adicciones. 2016;29:13-21.
• Tammemägi MC, Berg CD, Riley TL, Cunningham CR, Taylor KL. Impact of lung cancer screening results on smoking cessation. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014;106:1-8.
• Janson C, Kunzli N, deMarco R, Chinn S, Jarvis D, Svanes C et al. Changes in active and passive smoking in european community respiratory health survey. Eur Respir J. 2006;27:517-24.
• Monso E, Campbell J, Tonnosen P, Gustavsson G, Morera J. Sociodemographic predictors of success in smoking intervention. Tob Control. 2001;10:165-9.
• Uzer F, Ozbudak O. Changes in smoking behavior of patients with pulmonary nodule follow-up period. Turkey Clinics Archives of Lung. 2017;18:37-42.
• Friend KB, Pagano ME. Smoking cessation and alcohol consumption in individuals in treatment for alcohol use disordes. J Addict Dis. 2005;24:61-75.
• Raherison C, Marjary A, Valpromy B, Prevota S, Fossoux H, Taytard A. Evaluation of smoking cessation success in adults. Respir Med. 2005;99:1303-10.
• Fidancı I, Arslan I, Tekin O, Gumus E. The role of drinking alcohol, coffee, tea habits, fear of gaining weight and treatment methods in smoking cessation success. Konuralp Med J. 2016;8:132-6.
• Cox LS, Sloan JA, Patten CA, Bonner JA, Geyer SM, McGinnis WL et al. Smoking behavior of 226 patients with diagnosis of stage IIIA/IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. Psychooncology. 2002;11:472–8.
• Gritz ER. Smoking and smoking cessation in cancer patients. Br J Addict. 1991;86:549-54.
• Ostroff JS, Buckshee N, Mancuso CA, Yankelevitz DF, Henschke CI. Smoking cessation following CT screening for early detection of lung cancer. Prev Med. 2001;33:613-21.
• McBride CM, Blocklin M, Lipkus IM, Klein WM, Brandon TH. Patient's lung cancer diagnosis as a cue for relatives' smoking cessation: evaluating the constructs of the teachable moment. Psychooncology. 2017;26:88-95.
• Alberg AJ, Samet JM. Epidemiology of lung cancer. Chest. 2003;123:21–49.
• Paik SH, Yeo CD, Jeong JE, Kim JS, Lee SH, Kim SJ, et al. Prevalence and analysis of tobacco use disorder in patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Plos One. 2019;14:1-12.
• Simonato L, Agudo A, Ahrens W, Benhamou E, Benhamou S, Boffetta P et al. Lung cancer and cigarette smoking in Europe: an update of risk estimates and an assessment of inter-country heterogeneity. Int J Cancer. 2001;91:876-87.