Abstract
Purpose: Ghrelin represents a hormone, which is defined as an endogenous ligand bound to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHS-R1a). However, the mechanisms that underlie ghrelin’s impacts on cardiovascular diseases have not been completely detected. For this reason, we aimed to research the relationship between serum ghrelin and ghrelin gene polymorphism in coronary artery disease (CAD).
Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 88 patients diagnosed with a minimum of one coronary artery stenosis over 70%, and the control group comprised 81 individuals without coronary artery lesions. An autoanalyzer was used to analyze fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid parameter levels. Ghrelin levels were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
Results: Ghrelin levels were found to be 2.2 ng/ml in the control group and 2.1 ng/ml in the CAD group. No statistical relation in ghrelin Leu72Met genotypes were detected between the control and patient groups.
Conclusion: Serum ghrelin levels were higher in the control group than in the CAD group. Whether ghrelin levels and Leu72Met polymorphism have protective effects in CAD must be revealed in an extensive study group with other polymorphisms and ghrelin expression in the ghrelin gene.
Supporting Institution
Mersin University Scientific Research Projects Department
Project Number
2017-2-AP2-2626
References
- REFERENCES
- Gensini GF, Comeglio M, Colella A. Classical risk factors and emerging elements in the risk profile for coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:53–61.
- Marenberg ME, Risch N, Berkman LF, Floderus B, de Faire U. Genetic susceptibility to death from coronary heart disease in a study of twins. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1041–46.
- Ferri N, Paoletti R, Corsini A. Lipid-modified proteins as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease: a review. Biomarkers. 2005;10:219-37.
- Akamizu T, Kangawa K. The physiological significance and potential clinical applications of ghrelin. Eur J Intern Med. 2012;23:197-202.
- Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kanagawa K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999;402:656–60.
- Kojima M, Kangawa K. Grelin: structure and function. Physiol Rev. 2005;85:495-522.
- Aydin S, Ozkan Y, Caylak E, Aydin S. Grelin and its biochemical functions. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2006;26:272-83.
- Kierson JA, Dimatteo DM, Locke RG, Mackley AB, Spear ML. Grelin and cholecystokinin in term and preterm human breast milk. Acta Paediatr. 2006;95:991-5.
- Aydin S, Ozercan İH, Dagli F, Aydin S, Kumru S, Kilic N et al. Grelin is present in human teeth. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2007;40:368-72.
- Li WG, Gavrila D, Liu X, Wang L, Gunnlaugsson S, Stoll LL et al. Ghrelin inhibits proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in human endothelial cells. Circulation. 2004;109:2221–6.
- Sharma V, McNeill JH. The emerging roles of leptin and ghrelin in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2005;3:169–80.
- Hosoda H. Effect of Ghrelin on the Cardiovascular System. Biology. 2022; 8;11:1190-8.
- Bai R, Liu Y, Zhao C, Gao J, Liu R. Distribution and effect of ghrelin genotype on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in obese and nonobese Chinese subjects. Hormones. 2021;20:527-35.
- Wajanrajch MP, Ten IS, Gertner JM, Leibel RL. Genomic organization of human ghrelin gene. J Endocr Genet. 2000;1:231–3.
- Ukkola O, Ravussin E, Jacobson P, Snyder EE, Chagnon M, Sjöström L et al. Mutations in the preproghrelin/ghrelin gene associated with obesity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:3996–9.
- Liao N, Xie Z K, Huang J, Xie ZF. Association between the ghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism and type 2 diabetes risk: a meta-analysis. Gene. 2013;517:179–83.
- Libby P, Theroux P. Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2005; 111:3481-8.
- Gnanapavan S, Kola B, Bustin SA, Morris DG, McGee P, Fairclough P et al. The tissue distribution of the mRNA of ghrelin and subtypes of its receptor, GHS-R, in humans. Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:2988-91.
- Nagaya N, Kojima M, Uematsu M, Yamagishi M, Hosoda H, Oya H et al. Hemodynamic and hormonal effects of human ghrelin in healthy volunteers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001;280:1483-7.
- Lin Y, Matsumura K, Fukuhara M, Kagiyama S, Fujii K, Lida M. Grelin acts at the nucleus of the solitary tract to decrease arterial pressure in rats. Hypertension. 2004;43:977-82.
- Nagaya N, Kangawa K. Grelin, a novel growth hormone releasing peptide, in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Regul Pept. 2003;114:71-7.
- Kadoglou NP, Lampropoulos S, Kapelouzou A, Gkontopoulos A, Theofilogiannakos EK, Fotiadis G et. al. Serum levels of apelin and ghrelin in patients with acute coronary syndromes and established coronary artery disease: Kozani study. Transl Res. 2010;155:238-46.
- Zhang Q, Huang WD, Lv XY, Yang YM. The association of ghrelin polymorphisms with coronary artery disease and ischemic chronic heart failure in an elderly Chinese population. Clin Biochem. 2011;44:386-90.
- Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Rafiei A, Khajavi R, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Mokhberi V, Moradzadeh K. Association between ghrelin gene (Leu72Met) polymorphism and ghrelin serum level with coronary artery diseases. DNA Cell Biol. 2014;33:95-101.
- Tang NP, Wang LS, Yang L, Gu HJ, Zhu HJ, Zhou B et al. Preproghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism in Chinese subjects with coronary artery disease and controls. Clin Chim Acta. 2008;387:42-7.
- Steinle NI, Pollin TI, O'Connell JR, Mitchell BD, Shuldiner AR. Variants in the ghrelin gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in the Old Order Amish J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:6672–7.
- Miraglia del Giudice E, Santoro N, Cirillo G. Molecular screening of the ghrelin gene in Italian obese children: the Leu72Met variant is associated with an earlier onset of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:447–50
Abstract
Amaç: Ghrelin, büyüme hormonu salgılayan hormon reseptörüne (GHS-R1a) bağlı endojen bir ligand olarak tanımlanan bir hormondur. Bununla birlikte, ghrelin'in kardiyovasküler hastalıklar üzerindeki etkilerinin altında yatan mekanizmalar tam olarak tespit edilememiştir. Bu nedenle koroner arter hastalığında (KAH) serum ghrelin düzeyleri ile ghrelin gen polimorfizmi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya %70'in üzerinde en az bir koroner arter stenozu olan 88 hasta ve koroner arter lezyonu olmayan 81 birey dahil edildi. Açlık kan şekeri (AKŞ) ve lipid parametreleri düzeylerini analiz etmek için otoanalizör kullanıldı. Ghrelin düzeyleri enzim-ilişkili immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kiti ile çalışıldı.
Bulgular: Ghrelin düzeyleri kontrol grubunda 2,2 ng/ml,KAH grubunda 2,1 ng/ml olarak bulundu. Kontrol ve hasta grupları arasında ghrelin Leu72Met genotiplerinde istatistiksel bir ilişki saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Serum ghrelin düzeyleri kontrol grubunda KAH grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu. Ghrelin düzeylerinin ve Leu72Met polimorfizminin KAH'da koruyucu etkisinin olup olmadığı, diğer polimorfizmler ve ghrelin genindeki ghrelin ekspresyonu ile kapsamlı bir çalışma grubunda ortaya konmalıdır.
Project Number
2017-2-AP2-2626
References
- REFERENCES
- Gensini GF, Comeglio M, Colella A. Classical risk factors and emerging elements in the risk profile for coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:53–61.
- Marenberg ME, Risch N, Berkman LF, Floderus B, de Faire U. Genetic susceptibility to death from coronary heart disease in a study of twins. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1041–46.
- Ferri N, Paoletti R, Corsini A. Lipid-modified proteins as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease: a review. Biomarkers. 2005;10:219-37.
- Akamizu T, Kangawa K. The physiological significance and potential clinical applications of ghrelin. Eur J Intern Med. 2012;23:197-202.
- Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kanagawa K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999;402:656–60.
- Kojima M, Kangawa K. Grelin: structure and function. Physiol Rev. 2005;85:495-522.
- Aydin S, Ozkan Y, Caylak E, Aydin S. Grelin and its biochemical functions. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2006;26:272-83.
- Kierson JA, Dimatteo DM, Locke RG, Mackley AB, Spear ML. Grelin and cholecystokinin in term and preterm human breast milk. Acta Paediatr. 2006;95:991-5.
- Aydin S, Ozercan İH, Dagli F, Aydin S, Kumru S, Kilic N et al. Grelin is present in human teeth. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2007;40:368-72.
- Li WG, Gavrila D, Liu X, Wang L, Gunnlaugsson S, Stoll LL et al. Ghrelin inhibits proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in human endothelial cells. Circulation. 2004;109:2221–6.
- Sharma V, McNeill JH. The emerging roles of leptin and ghrelin in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2005;3:169–80.
- Hosoda H. Effect of Ghrelin on the Cardiovascular System. Biology. 2022; 8;11:1190-8.
- Bai R, Liu Y, Zhao C, Gao J, Liu R. Distribution and effect of ghrelin genotype on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in obese and nonobese Chinese subjects. Hormones. 2021;20:527-35.
- Wajanrajch MP, Ten IS, Gertner JM, Leibel RL. Genomic organization of human ghrelin gene. J Endocr Genet. 2000;1:231–3.
- Ukkola O, Ravussin E, Jacobson P, Snyder EE, Chagnon M, Sjöström L et al. Mutations in the preproghrelin/ghrelin gene associated with obesity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:3996–9.
- Liao N, Xie Z K, Huang J, Xie ZF. Association between the ghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism and type 2 diabetes risk: a meta-analysis. Gene. 2013;517:179–83.
- Libby P, Theroux P. Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2005; 111:3481-8.
- Gnanapavan S, Kola B, Bustin SA, Morris DG, McGee P, Fairclough P et al. The tissue distribution of the mRNA of ghrelin and subtypes of its receptor, GHS-R, in humans. Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:2988-91.
- Nagaya N, Kojima M, Uematsu M, Yamagishi M, Hosoda H, Oya H et al. Hemodynamic and hormonal effects of human ghrelin in healthy volunteers. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2001;280:1483-7.
- Lin Y, Matsumura K, Fukuhara M, Kagiyama S, Fujii K, Lida M. Grelin acts at the nucleus of the solitary tract to decrease arterial pressure in rats. Hypertension. 2004;43:977-82.
- Nagaya N, Kangawa K. Grelin, a novel growth hormone releasing peptide, in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Regul Pept. 2003;114:71-7.
- Kadoglou NP, Lampropoulos S, Kapelouzou A, Gkontopoulos A, Theofilogiannakos EK, Fotiadis G et. al. Serum levels of apelin and ghrelin in patients with acute coronary syndromes and established coronary artery disease: Kozani study. Transl Res. 2010;155:238-46.
- Zhang Q, Huang WD, Lv XY, Yang YM. The association of ghrelin polymorphisms with coronary artery disease and ischemic chronic heart failure in an elderly Chinese population. Clin Biochem. 2011;44:386-90.
- Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Rafiei A, Khajavi R, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Mokhberi V, Moradzadeh K. Association between ghrelin gene (Leu72Met) polymorphism and ghrelin serum level with coronary artery diseases. DNA Cell Biol. 2014;33:95-101.
- Tang NP, Wang LS, Yang L, Gu HJ, Zhu HJ, Zhou B et al. Preproghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism in Chinese subjects with coronary artery disease and controls. Clin Chim Acta. 2008;387:42-7.
- Steinle NI, Pollin TI, O'Connell JR, Mitchell BD, Shuldiner AR. Variants in the ghrelin gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in the Old Order Amish J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:6672–7.
- Miraglia del Giudice E, Santoro N, Cirillo G. Molecular screening of the ghrelin gene in Italian obese children: the Leu72Met variant is associated with an earlier onset of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:447–50
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Research |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 2017-2-AP2-2626 |
| Early Pub Date | July 11, 2023 |
| Publication Date | July 2, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | June 5, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 |
