COVID-19 ve terapötik yaklaşımlardaki ilerleme: bir gözden geçirme

Year 2024, Volume: 49 Issue: 1, 204 - 223, 29.03.2024

Umair Ilyas Sarmad Sheraz Jadoon Tanzeel Ahmed Reem Altaf Aslam Khan Ashfaq Ahmad Yasir Rasool Syed Muzzammil Masaud Zakir Khan

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.1394329

Abstract

Bilimsel olarak şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2 (SARS-Cov-2) olarak bilinen koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), insanların solunum sistemini olumsuz etkilemiş ve çoğu gelişmiş ülke ekonomisini fena halde ezmiştir. Bu çalışma, mevcut COVID-19 durumunu ve viral olmayan aşıları, etkinliğini, güvenliğini, denemelerini, dozaj protokollerini ve COVID-19 için oluşturulan toplu aşılamayı içeren terapötik yaklaşımları araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar ve MEDLİNE veritabanları kullanılarak kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Araştırma makalelerinin başlığı önce gözden geçirildi, ardından özetler ve son olarak çalışmaların tamamı incelendi. Bu derleme eleştirel olarak COVID-19'un zararlı etkilerine ve mutasyonlarına, çoklu varyantlarına, farmakolojik yaklaşımlarına ve mRNA aşılarına odaklanmaktadır. COVID-19, farklı bir mutasyona ve değiştirilmiş genomik yapıya sahip, ortaya çıkan yeni bir varyanttır. COVID-19 ile mücadele etmek için şimdiye kadar farklı farmakolojik ve terapötik yaklaşımlar (interferon, oligonükleotitler, anti-viral ilaç molekülleri, antikor peptitleri) yapılmıştır. Tip I interferonların COVID-19 patogenezindeki rolü nedeniyle COVID-19 tedavi yaklaşımlarında interferonlar kullanılmaktadır. Bu terapötik metodolojilerin yanı sıra dünyanın dört bir yanından şirketler COVID-19 aşısı geliştirme çalışmasına katıldı. Aşılar, dünya tarihinde ilk kez kitlesel düzeyde insanları aşılamak için bir yıldan kısa bir sürede geliştirildi. Bu aşılar, başak proteinli zar proteinleri gibi virüsün yapısal bileşenlerini hedefler. Bu makale, COVID-19 ve terapötik yaklaşımlardaki ilerleme konusunda araştırmacılar için değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu makale, COVID-19 mutasyon mekanizmasını ve bu mutasyon noktalarıyla mücadele stratejilerini anlamak için bir ayırt edici özellik görevi görecektir.

Keywords

COVID-19, aşı, tedavisi, replikasyonu

Ethical Statement

Not appicable

COVID-19 and progress in therapeutic approaches: a narrative review

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), scientifically known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) has adversely affect the respiratory system of humans and badly crushed the economies of most developed countries. This study aims to investigate the current COVID-19 situation and therapeutic approaches including non-viral vaccines, efficacy, safety, their trials, dosage protocols and mass vaccination established for COVID-19. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases. The title of the research articles were reviewed first, followed by the abstracts and finally the complete studies. This review critically focuses on the damaging effects of COVID-19 and its mutations, multiple variants, pharmacological approaches, and mRNA vaccines. COVID-19 is an emerging new variant with a different mutation and altered genomic structure. Different pharmacological and therapeutic approaches (interferon, oligonucleotides, anti-viral drug molecules, antibody peptides) have been made so far to combat COVID-19. Interferons are employed in COVID-19 treatment approaches owing to the role of Type I interferons in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Along with these therapeutic methodologies, companies from all over the world participated in the run to develop a vaccine for COVID-19. Vaccines were developed in less than a year for vaccinating humans on a mass level for the first time in world history. These vaccines target structural components of the virus, such as membrane proteins with a spike protein. This article provides valuable information for researchers regarding COVID-19 and progress in therapeutic approaches. This article will serve as a hallmark for understanding the COVID-19 mutation mechanism and strategies to combat these mutation points.

Keywords

vaccine, therapy, replication, COVID-19

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