Çim Bitkileriyle Sürdürülebilir Peyzajlar Oluşturulması

Year 2017, Volume: 38 Issue: 2, 187 - 193, 24.04.2017

Songül Sever Mutlu Ceren Selim

https://doi.org/10.17776/cumuscij.308379

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Çim alanlar, sağladıkları sosyal fiziksel ve ekonomik değerlerle peyzaj
alanlarının önemli bileşenlerindendir. 
Yoğun yerleşimlerin yaşandığı kentsel alanlarda yeşil alanlara duyulan
ihtiyaç artmaya devam etmektedir. Ancak, çim alanların su kaynakları üzerinde
baskı oluşturduğuna dair genel bir kanının varlığı, çim bitkileri üzerinde de
negative bir çevresel algının oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Çim bitkilerinin
genellikle su kaybına neden olduğu kanısından dolayı uygun olarak
nitelendirilmemektedir. Fakat birçok çim türü bu kanının aksine uzun dönem
susuz hayatta kalma yeteneğine sahiptirler. Çim alanların sulama ve diğer
yönetim girdilerinin azaltılması ve su kaynakları üzerindeki baskının
hafifletilmesi için birçok strateji mevcuttur. Yerel ve adaptasyon kabiliyeti
yüksek çim türlerinin kullanılması uygun bir çözüm yolu olarak görülmektedir.
Son yıllarda kentsel alanlarda doğal türlerin kullanılması konusunda artan bir
ilginin varolduğu bilinmektedir. Sıcak geçen yaz mevsimi, kıt su kaynakları,
kuraklık ve tuzluluktan kaynaklanan stres dolayısıyla serin-iklim çim türleri
Akdeniz iklimine iyi adapte olamamaktadır. Bu nedenle, Akdeniz bölgesinde
kurağa dayanımı ve adaptasyon kabiliyeti yüksek sıcak iklim çim tür/çeşitleri
tercih edilmelidir. Yerel Bermuda çimi çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi için,
Türkiye’nin Akdeniz Bölgesi boyunca Bermuda çimi genotipleri toplanmış ve
kurağa dayanımları, kaliteleri belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmalardan elde edilen
sonuçlar göstermektedir ki, yarıkurak iklimlerde sürdürülebilir peyzajlar
oluşturmak için çok sayıda çim bitkisi türü/çeşidi ve gen kaynaklarının
kullanılması büyük potansiyeller sunmaktadır. 

Keywords

Yerel bitkiler, sıcak iklim çim türleri, Akdeniz, kuraklık

Sustainable Landscaping with Turfgrasses

Abstract

Turfgrasses are an important component of the landscape adding social,
physical, and economic value to our lives. The demand for green space in
densely populated urban areas continues to rise. However, the general public
where turfgrass exacerbate pressure on available water resources, are prone to
develop a negative environmental perception for turfgrass. In general, turf
sites of urban cities cause considerable water consumption and therefore is not
considered sustainable. But many turfgrass species have the ability to survive
for extended periods without water. There are many strategies to reduce
irrigation and other management inputs on turfgrasses and hence to alleviate
pressure on fresh water resources caused by landscaping. Using native and well
adapted grass species may offer sustainable solution. Interest is in the rise
among landscape managers for native plants in urban landscaping in recent
years. Because of dry summers, limited water, high temperature stress and
salinity, it is both expensive and challenging to maintain traditionally used
cool-climate grasses not well adapted to Mediterranean region. Therefore,
several warm-climate turfgrass species/cultivars were compared for their
drought resistance and adaptability to the region. To develop native
bermudagrass cultivars, bermudagrass genotypes were collected from the
Mediterranean region of Turkey and were characterized for drought tolerance and
turf qualities. Results from these studies indicated that several turfgrass
species/cultivar and native germplasms offer great potential for use in
sustainable urban landscapes in semiarid climates. 

Keywords

Native plants, warm-climate grass, Mediterranean, drought

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