Hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) Bitkilerinde Kadmiyum Toksisitesinin Fotosentetik Aktivite Üzerindeki Etkileri

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 111 - 122, 30.06.2021

Ali Doğru

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, farklı kadmiyum (Cd(NO3)2.4H2O) konsantrasyonlarının (0.1 and 1 mM) bir hıyar genotipindeki (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Beith Alpha F1) fotosentetik aktivite üzerine etkileri klorofil a floresansı tekniği yardımıyla araştırılmıştır. Hıyar bitkilerinin yapraklarındaki fotosentetik pigment (klorofil a, klorofil b, toplam klorofil ve toplam karotenoid) miktarı doza bağlı olarak azalmıştır. Bu sonuç karotenoidlerin sağladığı koruyucu bir mekanizmanın eksikliği ile açıklanabilir. Klorofil a floresans ölçümleri ve JIP testi sonuçları, hıyar yapraklarındaki fotosentetik pigment miktarındaki azalmanın fotosentetik aktiviteyi de olumsuz etkilediğini göstermiştir. Klorofil floresansı ve JIP testi parametrelerindeki değişimler, kadmiyum toksisitesinin fotosistem II’nin reaksiyon merkezlerinde yapısal hasara neden olmadığını ancak fotosistem II’nin hem donör hem de akseptör bölgesindeki elektron taşınım reaksiyonlarını inhibe ettiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca kadmiyum toksisitesinin hıyar yapraklarındaki karbon fiksasyon reaksiyonlarını, fotokimyasal reaksiyonlara göre daha şiddetli bir şekilde inhibe ettiği gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kadmiyum toksisitesi altındaki hıyar yapraklarında fotosentetik aktivitenin öncelikli olarak karanlık reaksiyonların inhibisyonundan dolayı azalma gösterdiği söylenebilir.

Keywords

Cucumis sativus, fotosentez, hıyar, JIP test, kadmiyum, klorofil floresansı

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