Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

For Primary School Level Inclusive Teaching Materials

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 113 - 130, 30.10.2024

Abstract

Inclusive education is the expression of the fundamental right of everyone to benefit from education services and not to be excluded. In practice, many individuals and groups experience problems in accessing this right. Inclusive education aims to ensure that each student receives education at the school of his/her choice, together with his/her peers and fully participates in school life. Appropriate methods and teaching materials should be provided for the learning needs of each student in the classroom. These materials help teachers and educators to provide content suitable for different learning profiles and to ensure equality in education. The problem statement of the research is, what is the effect of teaching materials to be developed for inclusive education on learning? It was determined as. Design-based research, which was chosen as the method of the research, can be defined as the synthesis of design and solution development for practical problems in learning environments and the reporting of reusable design principles. The materials were prepared by considering the learning outcomes in the curriculum. Before the application, the materials were especially tried to ensure the interaction of the learners. Two different data collection techniques were used in the applications. Firstly, the researchers observed the participation behaviours and interaction patterns of the students in the classroom activities. Secondly, after the testing of the materials, their feelings and opinions were obtained in writing with the KWL technique. As a result of the content analysis, students stated that they learnt easily with fun, reinforced their knowledge, and could relate to other lessons. Teachers, on the other hand, expressed positive opinions in terms of the materials being economical, allowing multi-purpose use, making students active, and stimulating their curiosity.

References

  • Ainscow, M., Booth, T., and Dyson, A. (2006). Improving schools, developing inclusion. Routledge.
  • Ainscow, M. (2007). From special education to effective schools for all: A review of progress so far. In C. Florian (Ed.). The SAGE handbook of special education (pp. 146-159). SAGE.
  • Akker, J. (1999). Principles and methods of development research. In J. van den Akker, N. Nieveen, R. M. Branch, K. L. Gustafson & T. Plomp (Eds.), Design methodology and developmental research in education and training (pp. 1-14). The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers
  • Aktekin, S. (Ed.). (2017). Sınıfında yabancı uyruklu öğrenci bulunan öğretmenler için el kitabı. Ankara: MEB.
  • Assembly, U. G. (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations, Treaty Series, 1577(3), 1-23.
  • Banks, J. A. and Banks, C. A. M. (2010). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives (7th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Baş, M. (2022). Kapsayıcı eğitim, kuramsal çerçeve, temel kavramlar & Uluslararası belgelerde kapsayıcı eğitim. M. Baş (Ed.) Kapsayıcı eğitim: Pedagoji, teori ve uygulama perspektifleri içinde (ss. 1- 22). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Bereiter, C. (2002). Design research for sustained innovation. Cognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society, 9(3), 321-327.
  • Brown, A. L. (1992). Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2, 141–178.
  • Collins, A. (1992) Toward a design science of education. In E. Scanlon & T. O’Shea (Eds.), New directions in educational technology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Fenwick, T., Edwards, R., and Sawchuk, P. (2011). Emerging approaches to educational research: Tracing the socio-material. London: Routledge.
  • Gregson, J.(2001). System, environmental, and policy changes: Using the social-ecological model as a framework for evaluating nutrition education and social marketing programs with low-income audiences. Journal of Nutrition Education, 33(1), 4-15.
  • Herrington, J., McKenney, S., Reeves, T., and Oliver, R. (2007). Design-based research and doctoral students: Guidelines for preparing a dissertation proposal. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of world conference on educational multimedia, hypermedia and telecommunications 2007 (pp. 4089-4097). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
  • Johri, A. and Olds, B. M. (2011). Situated engineering learning: Bridging engineering education research and the learning sciences. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(1), 151-185.
  • Jury, E. B. (2023). Barriers to inclusive education: a qualitative study among inclusive middle school mathematics general education and special education teachers (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Regent University.
  • Kozikoğlu, İ. ve Yıldırımoğlu, S. (2021). Öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitime yönelik tutumları ile kapsayıcı eğitimde sınıf içi uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (51), 226-244.
  • Mazı, A. (2023). Kapsayıcı eğitim uygulamalarının ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik dersi başarısına etkisi (Doktora tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Moberg, S., Muta, E., Korenaga, K., Kuorelahti, M., and Savolainen, H. (2020). Struggling for inclusive education in Japan and Finland: Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 35(1), 100-114.
  • Ogle, D. M. (1986). KWL: A teaching model that develops active reading of expository text. The reading teacher, 39(6), 564-570.
  • Oh, E. and Reeves, T. C. (2010). The implications of the differences between design research and instructional systems design for educational technology researchers and practitioners. Educational Media International, 47(4), 263-275.
  • Pargman, T. C. and Jahnke, I. (2019). Teknolojilerle öğrenme ve öğretmede ortaya çıkan uygulamalar ve materyal koşulları. Cham, Schweiz: Springer.
  • Rix, J. (2020). Our need for certainty in an uncertain world: the difference between special education and inclusion? British Journal of Special Education, 3, 283-307.
  • Smith, P.S. (2022). White Out: ABD kapsayıcı eğitim ders kitaplarındaki ırk ve etnisite sunumlarının analizi (Doktora tezi). Syracuse Üniversitesi.
  • Sörensen, E. (2009). The materiality of learning: Technology and knowledge in educational practice. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Spandagou, I., Little, C., Evans, D., Bonati, M. L., and Spandagou, I. (2020). Inclusive education: Principles and practice. Inclusive education in schools and early childhood settings, 35-44.
  • Stubbs, S. (2008). Inclusive education: Where there are few resources. Oslo: The Atlas Alliance.
  • Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms (2nd Ed.). ASCD.
  • Tomlinson, C. A. and Moon, T. R. (2013). Assessment and student success in a differentiated classroom. ASCD.
  • TUİK. (2022). Türkiye İstatistik Kurmu istatistik veri portalı. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Search/Search?text=engelli
  • UNESCO. (2009). Policy guidelines on inclusion in education. Paris, France.
  • UNICEF. (2019). Engeli olan çocuklar için kapsayıcı erken çocukluk eğitimi projesi. Türkiye. https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/en/press-releases/project-inclusive-early-childhood-education-children-disabilities-starts-90-schools
  • Wang, F. and Hannafin, M. (2005). Design-based research and technology-enhanced learning environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 53(4), 5-23.

İlkokul Düzeyine Yönelik Kapsayıcı Öğretim Materyalleri

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 113 - 130, 30.10.2024

Abstract

Kapsayıcı eğitim, herkesin öğrenim hizmetlerinden yararlanma ve dışlanmama temel hakkının ifadesidir. Uygulamada bu hakka erişmede birçok kişi ve gruplar sorun yaşamaktadır. Kapsayıcı eğitim, her öğrencinin tercih ettiği okulda, yaşıtlarıyla birlikte eğitim almasını ve okul hayatına tam anlamıyla katılmasını sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Sınıf içerisinde her öğrencinin öğrenme ihtiyaçlarına yönelik uygun yöntem ve öğretim materyalleri sunulmalıdır. Bu materyaller, öğretmenlere ve eğitimcilerine farklı öğrenme profillerine uygun içerik sunma ve eğitimde eşitlik sağlama konusunda yardımcı olur. Araştırmanın problem cümlesi, kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik olarak geliştirilecek olan öğretim materyallerinin öğrenme üzerinde etkisi nedir? Olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın yöntemi olarak seçilen tasarım tabanlı araştırma, öğrenme ortamlarındaki pratik problemlere yönelik tasarım ve çözüm geliştirmenin sentezi ve yeniden kullanılabilir tasarım ilkelerinin raporlanması olarak tanımlanabilir. Materyaller öğretim programında yer alan kazanımlar dikkate alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Uygulama öncesinde materyaller özellikle öğrenenlerin etkileşimini sağlamaya yönelik olmasına çalışılmıştır. Uygulamalarda iki farklı veri toplama tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. İlk olarak araştırmacılar, öğrencilerin sınıf içi etkinliklerde; katılım davranışları, etkileşim örüntülerini gözlemlemiştir. İkinci olarak, materyallerin denenmesinden sonra duygu ve görüşleri KWL tekniği ile yazılı olarak elde edilmiştir. İçerik analizi sonucunda, hazırlanan materyallere ilişkin öğrenciler kolaylıkla eğlenerek öğrendiklerini, bilgilerini pekiştirdiklerini, diğer derslerle ilişki kurabildiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Öğretmenler ise materyallerin ekonomik olması, çok amaçlı kullanıma izin vermesi, öğrencileri etkin kılması, meraklarını harekete geçirmesi açısından olumlu görüş belirtmişlerdir.

Supporting Institution

Destekleyen kurum bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Sayın editör ve dergi hakem kuruluna teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

References

  • Ainscow, M., Booth, T., and Dyson, A. (2006). Improving schools, developing inclusion. Routledge.
  • Ainscow, M. (2007). From special education to effective schools for all: A review of progress so far. In C. Florian (Ed.). The SAGE handbook of special education (pp. 146-159). SAGE.
  • Akker, J. (1999). Principles and methods of development research. In J. van den Akker, N. Nieveen, R. M. Branch, K. L. Gustafson & T. Plomp (Eds.), Design methodology and developmental research in education and training (pp. 1-14). The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers
  • Aktekin, S. (Ed.). (2017). Sınıfında yabancı uyruklu öğrenci bulunan öğretmenler için el kitabı. Ankara: MEB.
  • Assembly, U. G. (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. United Nations, Treaty Series, 1577(3), 1-23.
  • Banks, J. A. and Banks, C. A. M. (2010). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives (7th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Baş, M. (2022). Kapsayıcı eğitim, kuramsal çerçeve, temel kavramlar & Uluslararası belgelerde kapsayıcı eğitim. M. Baş (Ed.) Kapsayıcı eğitim: Pedagoji, teori ve uygulama perspektifleri içinde (ss. 1- 22). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Bereiter, C. (2002). Design research for sustained innovation. Cognitive Studies: Bulletin of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society, 9(3), 321-327.
  • Brown, A. L. (1992). Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2, 141–178.
  • Collins, A. (1992) Toward a design science of education. In E. Scanlon & T. O’Shea (Eds.), New directions in educational technology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
  • Fenwick, T., Edwards, R., and Sawchuk, P. (2011). Emerging approaches to educational research: Tracing the socio-material. London: Routledge.
  • Gregson, J.(2001). System, environmental, and policy changes: Using the social-ecological model as a framework for evaluating nutrition education and social marketing programs with low-income audiences. Journal of Nutrition Education, 33(1), 4-15.
  • Herrington, J., McKenney, S., Reeves, T., and Oliver, R. (2007). Design-based research and doctoral students: Guidelines for preparing a dissertation proposal. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of world conference on educational multimedia, hypermedia and telecommunications 2007 (pp. 4089-4097). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.
  • Johri, A. and Olds, B. M. (2011). Situated engineering learning: Bridging engineering education research and the learning sciences. Journal of Engineering Education, 100(1), 151-185.
  • Jury, E. B. (2023). Barriers to inclusive education: a qualitative study among inclusive middle school mathematics general education and special education teachers (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Regent University.
  • Kozikoğlu, İ. ve Yıldırımoğlu, S. (2021). Öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitime yönelik tutumları ile kapsayıcı eğitimde sınıf içi uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (51), 226-244.
  • Mazı, A. (2023). Kapsayıcı eğitim uygulamalarının ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik dersi başarısına etkisi (Doktora tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Moberg, S., Muta, E., Korenaga, K., Kuorelahti, M., and Savolainen, H. (2020). Struggling for inclusive education in Japan and Finland: Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 35(1), 100-114.
  • Ogle, D. M. (1986). KWL: A teaching model that develops active reading of expository text. The reading teacher, 39(6), 564-570.
  • Oh, E. and Reeves, T. C. (2010). The implications of the differences between design research and instructional systems design for educational technology researchers and practitioners. Educational Media International, 47(4), 263-275.
  • Pargman, T. C. and Jahnke, I. (2019). Teknolojilerle öğrenme ve öğretmede ortaya çıkan uygulamalar ve materyal koşulları. Cham, Schweiz: Springer.
  • Rix, J. (2020). Our need for certainty in an uncertain world: the difference between special education and inclusion? British Journal of Special Education, 3, 283-307.
  • Smith, P.S. (2022). White Out: ABD kapsayıcı eğitim ders kitaplarındaki ırk ve etnisite sunumlarının analizi (Doktora tezi). Syracuse Üniversitesi.
  • Sörensen, E. (2009). The materiality of learning: Technology and knowledge in educational practice. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Spandagou, I., Little, C., Evans, D., Bonati, M. L., and Spandagou, I. (2020). Inclusive education: Principles and practice. Inclusive education in schools and early childhood settings, 35-44.
  • Stubbs, S. (2008). Inclusive education: Where there are few resources. Oslo: The Atlas Alliance.
  • Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms (2nd Ed.). ASCD.
  • Tomlinson, C. A. and Moon, T. R. (2013). Assessment and student success in a differentiated classroom. ASCD.
  • TUİK. (2022). Türkiye İstatistik Kurmu istatistik veri portalı. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Search/Search?text=engelli
  • UNESCO. (2009). Policy guidelines on inclusion in education. Paris, France.
  • UNICEF. (2019). Engeli olan çocuklar için kapsayıcı erken çocukluk eğitimi projesi. Türkiye. https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/en/press-releases/project-inclusive-early-childhood-education-children-disabilities-starts-90-schools
  • Wang, F. and Hannafin, M. (2005). Design-based research and technology-enhanced learning environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 53(4), 5-23.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Instructional Technologies, Classroom Education, Primary Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ceren Şentürk 0000-0002-2231-2705

Behsat Savas 0000-0003-3164-9745

Early Pub Date October 30, 2024
Publication Date October 30, 2024
Submission Date July 25, 2024
Acceptance Date October 30, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şentürk, C., & Savas, B. (2024). İlkokul Düzeyine Yönelik Kapsayıcı Öğretim Materyalleri. Çağdaş Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 113-130.

In order for the applied article to be evaluated, it must be written according to the journal's writing rules, the full text must not contain the author's information, it must be written according to the article template, the similarity report must be uploaded, and the copyright transfer form must be signed and uploaded. The articles accepted for publication after the evaluation process has been completed should be corrected by the author(s) and uploaded to the journal website again by adding author information. Information about the researches that require the permission of the Ethics Committee can be accessed from the Ethical Principles and Publication Policy page. For studies that do not require Ethics Committee Permission, the Study Declaration Form that does not Require Ethics Committee Permission should be filled out and uploaded to the system and stated in the article.