Ibn Kemal, also known as Kemalpaşazâde was a great scholar, philosopher and Shaykh al-Islam who grew up in the Ottoman period. He produced important works that deeply affected the history of Islamic science and thought in many branches such as fiqh, tafsir, hadith, theology, philosophy, history and literature. Ibn Kemal, who dealt with the issues analytically and critically rather than descriptively, wrote special pamphlets on many subjects such as existence, possibility and Isbât-ı Wacib/ithbat al-wajib, which are common issues of philosophy and kalam. We have discussed the critics of Ibn Kemal that was directed to the great Ash‘ari theologian Sayyid Sharif Al-Jurjani. It is meaningful that an authority like Curcânî/ Al-Jurjani, who left deep traces to the following periods with his Şerhu'l-Mawâkıf, was the subject of criticism. Studies and evaluations were carried out by using the views and approaches of philosophers such as Ibn Sînâ, Tûsî and Kâtibî and theologians such as Îcî, Teftazânî, Al-Jurjani and Al-Dawwani, Ibn Kemal was criticized for making Jurjani's views and commentaries inaccurate and for making inaccurate grounds. It is also important that the person criticized by him was also a scholar that he regarded as essential for his theological and philosophical explanations. It shows us the level of views of Muslim scholars in terms of expressing their free opinions.
In this article, we dealt with some problems related to existence, nature, and possibility from the perspective of Ibn Kemal in the context of metaphysics and tried to determine what kind of criticism he directed to Curcânî and how he justified them. Being more of existence, the mental existence, the creation of nature(quality), the verification of ays and lays, the possibility is necessary for possible are the fundamental issues of metaphysics, about each he wrote in a treatise. In his examination of every issue, Ibn Kemal applied not only to Curcânî's but also to the views of many philosophers and scholars, especially Ibn Sînâ, Tûsî, Kâtibî, and Devvânî. He brought them up, sometimes to support his views and sometimes to criticize. Whether existence and nature(quality) are the same or separate is one of the essential disputes between theologians and philosophers; likewise, whether the mental existence is accepted or not, whether the attributes are created or not are among the main problems Ibn Kemal criticized Curcânî.
İbn Kemal ya da diğer meşhur adıyla Kemalpaşazâde Osmanlı döneminde yetişmiş büyük bir âlim, filozof ve Şeyhülislamdır. Başta fıkıh olmak üzere, tefsir, hadis, kelam, felsefe, tarih ve edebiyat gibi birçok ilim dalında İslam ilim ve düşünce tarihini derinden etkileyen önemli eserler vermiştir. Meseleleri deskriptif değil de analitik ve kritik olarak ele alan İbn Kemal, felsefe ve kelamın ortak meselelerinden varlık, mahiyet, imkân ve isbât-ı vâcib gibi birçok konuda özel risaleler yazmıştır. Biz, bu makalede onun imkân, mahiyet ve varlık konusunda büyük Eş‘arî kelamcısı Seyyid Şerif Cücânî’ye yönelttiği eleştirileri ele aldık. Şerhu’l-Mevâkıf’ıyla ileriki dönem kelamında derin izler bırakan Cürcânî gibi bir otoritenin tenkide konu olması anlamlı bir durumdur. İbn Kemal; İbn Sînâ, Tûsî ve Kâtibî gibi filozoflar ile Îcî, Teftazânî, Cürcânî ve Devvânî gibi kelam âlimlerinin bu meselelerdeki görüş ve yaklaşımlarını da dikkate alarak tahlil, tetkik ve değerlendirmelerde bulunmuştur. İbn Kemal, Cürcânî’yi gerek önceki âlimlere ait görüşleri kusurlu takdim ve şerh etmesi gerekse isabetsiz temellendirmeler yapması sebebiyle eleştirmiştir. Onun eleştirdiği mütekellimin aynı zamanda kelami ve felsefi açıklamaları için esas kabul ettiği bir âlim olması ayrıca önemlidir. Bu da bize, Müslüman âlimlerin saygıda kusur etmeden özgür fikir beyanı noktasında ne kadar seviyeli olduklarını göstermektedir.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Islamic Studies (Other) |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | March 21, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 Issue: 2 |
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