Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Raylı Sistem Yatırım Kararlarını Etkileyen Ölçütlerin Belirlenmesi: AB ve Türkiye Özelinde Bir Araştırma

Year 2019, Issue: 9, 61 - 78, 31.01.2019

Hilal Kutlu , Hayri Ulvi , Furkan Akdemir

Abstract

Kentlerde toplumsal
etkileşimin doğal sonucu olan sosyo-ekonomik hareketliliğin gittikçe
yoğunlaşması, kent içi ulaşım sistemlerinin yetersizliğine ve trafik
sıkışıklığına neden olmaktadır. Yaşanan bu olumsuzluklar, ulaşım hizmetlerinin
tasarım ve yatırımında çeşitli politikaların geliştirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmaktadır.
Modern dünyada yaşanan teknolojik gelişmeler ışığında kent içi alanlarda ulaşım
ihtiyaçlarına hızlı, verimli ve etkin çözüm sağlamak için toplu taşıma
sistemlerinden biri olan raylı sistem uygulamalarına sıklıkla başvurulmaktadır.
Bu çalışma AB ve Türkiye’de toplu taşım politikaları ve raylı sistem uygulama
örnekleri üzerinden yeni yatırım kararı ölçütlerinin geliştirilmesi amacıyla
yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada AB ve Türkiye özelinde yapılan literatür araştırması
sonucu ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel başlıklar altında raylı sistem
yatırımlarını etkileyen ölçütler incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın ilerleyen
bölümlerinde incelenen bu ölçütler üzerinden geliştirilen kavramlar ile Ankara,
Rize, Erzincan örneklemleri üzerinde kentlerin ulaşım ana planlarındaki veriler
kullanılarak 4 yatırım senaryosu oluşturulmuş ve bu senaryolara göre AHP
yöntemi kullanılarak her kent için yatırımda etkin olabilecek ölçütler
araştırılmıştır.

Keywords

Kent içi toplu taşıma, raylı sistemler, yatırım karar ölçütleri, çok ölçütlü değerlendirme, AB ve Türkiye

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