THE DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF THE TURKISH IDENTITY IN BULGARIA DURING THE EU MEMBERSHIP PROCESS (1989 -2013)

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 117 - 142, 24.10.2018

Gülfer Tunalı

Abstract

Having a heterogeneous ethnic structure as a
heritage of the Ottoman dominance, Bulgaria tried to assimilate itsTurkish
minority in order to create an ethnically homogenous nation. This study
problematizes the ethnic identity, national identity and supra-national
identity relations of theTurkish minority, which achieved political
mobilization after the collapse of the totaliterian regime in 1989. This study
argues that political elites reconstruct the patterns between the ethnic
identity, national identity and European identity by conducting a continuous
discursive negotiation. The study analyzes the collective identity patterns at
the group level produced by the Turkish political elites from the
constructivist perspective by applying thediscourse-historical approach. This
research has revealed that theTurkish elites "seek an agreement between
the poles of the ethnic identity and civic identity" by constructing such
topics as multiple identities that can be developed by the members of the
minority, peaceful collective history, collective future in Europe, a
multiethnic civic nation based on European values.    

Keywords

Collective Identity, Turkish Minority in Bulgaria, European Union

BULGARİSTAN'DA AB ÜYELİĞİ SÜRECİNDE TÜRK KİMLİĞİNİN SÖYLEMSEL İNŞASI

Abstract

Bu çalışma Osmanlı egemenliğinin mirası olarak
heterojen bir etnik yapıya sahip olan Bulgaristan'da homojen bir etnik ulus
yaratma gayesiyle asimilasyona maruz kalan, 1989 yılında totaliter rejimin
çökmesi ile siyasi mobilizasyonunu gerçekleştiren Türk azınlığın etnik kimlik,
ulusal kimlik ve ulusüstü kimlik ilişkilerini sorunsallaştırmaktadır. Çalışma
Bulgaristan’da azınlık konumunda yaşayan Türklerin siyasi elitlerinin
entegrasyon sürecinde sürekli bir söylemsel müzakere yürüterek etnik
kimlik,  ulusal kimlik ve Avrupa kimliği
arasındaki örüntüleri yeniden inşa ettiği savından yola çıkmaktadır. Bu
çerçevede inşacı yaklaşımı temel alarak ve tarihsel-eleştirel söylem
çözümlemesine başvurarak Türk siyasi elitlerin ürettiği grup düzeyindeki ortak
kimlik örüntülerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma Türk siyasi elitlerin azınlık
üyelerinin geliştirebildiği çoklu kimlikler, ortak barışçıl geçmiş, Avrupa'da
ortak gelecek, Avrupa değerleri temelinde çoketnikli sivil ulus gibi anlamlar
üreterek "etnik kimlik ve sivil kimlik kutupları arasında uzlaşım
aradığını" ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Ortak Kimlik, Bulgaristan'da Türk Azınlık, Avrupa Birliği

References

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