JAPONCA VE TÜRKÇEDEKİ HAYRET İFADELERİ ÜZERİNE

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 569 - 592, 22.10.2019

Aydın Özbek Esra Kıra

Abstract

Mirativity (Hayret olgusu), dilbilim tipolojisinde nispeten yeni ve dikkate değer bir
kavramdır. Mirativ ifadelerin birçok dilde kanıtsallık ile dilbilgisel bir bağlantısı
bulunmazken, diğer dillerde kişi ve görünüş işaretleyicileri yeni bilgi, zihinsel
hazırsızlık ve şaşkınlık anlamlarını barındırabilir (Aikhenvald, 2012, p. 436). Türkçe
kanıtsallık ekinin (-mIş) mirativ anlam uzantısı olduğu dillerden biridir. Benzer
şekilde, Japoncada mirativ anlam gramatik bir şekil (-ta) ile ifade edilir. Bu
çalışmada, Aikhenvald’ın sınıflandırması kullanılarak Japonca ve Türkçede
bağlamların ve ünlemliklerin mirativ anlamları üzerindeki kontrolü karşılaştırmalı
olarak tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, her iki dilde de mirativity olgusunun zaman ve görünüş sistemlerinden ayrı olarak kiplik kategorisinin bir alt
sınıfı olduğunu ve kanıtsallık ile bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir.

 

Keywords

mirativity olgusu, mirativ anlamlar, ünlemlikler, Türkçe, Japonca

A STUDY OF MIRATIVITY IN JAPANESE AND TURKISH

Abstract

Mirativity is a relatively recent, notable concept in linguistic typology. It is known
that expressions of mirativity have no grammatical connection to evidential systems
in many languages, while in other languages, person marking systems and aspectual
forms can have meanings associated with new, unexpected knowledge and surprise
(Aikhenvald, 2012, p. 436). Turkish is one of the languages in which an evidential
marker, -mIş, has mirative extensions. Similarly, in Japanese, mirative meanings are
conveyed through the grammatical form -ta. In this study, we present the control of
exclamatives and contexts on the mirative meanings comparatively in Turkish and
Japanese using Aikhenvald’s classification. Our findings indicate that mirativity is a
subclass of modality as a separate category from tense and aspect in both Japanese
and Turkish, and their miratives are in relation to evidentiality. 

Keywords

mirativity, mirative meanings, exclamatives, Turkish, Japanese

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