Investigation of The Effects of Gearbox Layout on Vehicle Performance and Component Efficiency at Parallel Hybrid Vehicles by Drive Cycle Simulation

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 74, 381 - 393, 15.05.2023

Mustafa Karaoğlan

https://doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2023257410

Abstract

Hybrid vehicles have started to have a large interest in the automotive sector due to their economic, environmental and performance advantages compared to conventional vehicles. Parallel hybrid vehicles, which are one of the most preferred types of hybrid vehicles, also have significant advantages in terms of flexibility of use and performance. In this study, the effects of gearbox layout in parallel hybrid vehicles on vehicle performance and the efficiency of powertrain system components such as electric motor, battery and internal combustion engine were investigated. Vehicle performance and component efficiency results were obtained by driving cycle simulations for the cases, where the gearbox is before the internal combustion engine or before the electric motor, and the results were compared. The New European Driving Cycle, which is the standard driving cycle, is used in the simulations for the same vehicle characteristics and powertrain system components. The results of powertrain simulation showed that 210 km/h maximum speed, 3.20 m/s2 maximum acceleration, and 1.8 % remaining SOC are found for Design-1, 170 km/h maximum speed, 3.65 m/s2 maximum acceleration, and 4.4 % remaining SOC are found for Design-2 and these parameters can be determined by changing the gearbox layout.

Keywords

Parallel hybrid, vehicle performance, gearbox, drive cycle simulation

Paralel Hibrit Araçlarda Vites Kutusu Konumunun Taşıt Performansı ve Komponent Verimine Etkisinin Sürüş Çevrimi Simulasyonu ile İncelenmesi

Abstract

Konvansiyonel taşıtlara göre ekonomik, çevresel ve performans yönünden üstünlükleri nedeniyle hibrit taşıtlar otomotiv sektöründe büyük bir paya sahip olmaya başlamıştır. Hibrit taşıtların sıklıkla tercih edilen tiplerinden biri olan paralel hibrit taşıtlar da kullanım esnekliği ve performans yönünden önemli avantajlara sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, paralel hibrit taşıtlarda kullanılan vites kutusunun konumunun taşıt performansının ve elektrik motoru, batarya ve içten yanmalı motor gibi tahrik sistemi komponentlerinin verimleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Vites kutusunun içten yanmalı motor öncesinde veya elektrik motoru öncesinde olması durumları için (Tasarım-1 ve Tasarım-2) taşıt performans ve komponent verim sonuçları, sürüş çevrimi simulasyonları ile elde edilmiş ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Aynı taşıt özellikleri ve tahrik sistemi komponentleri için yapılan simulasyonlarda standart sürüş çevrimi olan Yeni Avrupa Sürüş Çevrimi kullanılmıştır. Tahrik sistemi simulasyonu sonucuda, Tasarım-1 için 210 km/h maksimum hız, 3,20 m/s2 maksimum ivmelenme ve %1,8 kalan SOC elde edilirken, Tasarım-2 için 170 km/h maksimum hız, 3,65 m/s2 maksimum ivmelenme ve %4,4 kalan SOC elde edilmiş ve vites kutusu konumunun değiştirilmesi ile bu parametrelerin taşıt kullanımına uygun olarak ayarlanabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Paralel hibrit, taşıt performansı, vites kutusu, sürüş çevrimi simulasyonu

References

• [1] Chan, C. C., Wong, Y. S. 2004. Electric vehicles charge forward. IEEE Power Energy Mag., Vol.2, No.6, pp.24-33.
• [2] Purpose, A.E., Şahin, C. 2016. Fuel Economy in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Analysis with ADVISOR. Kocaeli University, Faculty of Technical Education, İzmit Pg: 119-123.
• [3] Gökçe, C., Üstün, Ö., Yılmaz, M., Tuncay, R. N. 2006. Modeling and Simulation of A Serial –Parallel Hybrid Elekctrical Vehicle. İstanbul Technical University Electrical and Electronics Engineering Pg:1-5.
• [4] Gao, W. and Porandla, S. K. 2005. Design optimization of a parallel hybrid electric powertrain. IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, 6 pp.–. DOI: 10.1109/VPPC.2005.1554609.
• [5] Baumann, B. M., Washington, G., Glenn, B. C., & Rizzoni, G. 2000. Mechatronic design and control of hybrid electric vehicles. IEEE/ASME Transactions On Mechatronics, 5(1), 58-72.
• [6] Salmasi, R., 2007. Control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles: evolution, classification, comparison and future trends. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol.56, No.5, pp. 2393-2404
• [7] Guo, H., Sun, Q., Wang, C., Wang, Q., & Lu, S. 2018. A systematic design and optimization method of transmission system and power management for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. Energy, 148, 1006-1017.
• [8] Fischer, R., Kucukay, F., Jürgens, G., Najork, R., Pollak, B. 2015. The Automotive Transmission Book, 2015th ed.; Springer: Cham, Switzerlan. ISBN 978-3319052625.
• [9] Naunheimer, H., Bertsche, B., Ryborz, J., Novak, W. 2011. Automotive Transmissions, 2nd ed., Springer: Cham, Switzerland, pp. 102–113, ISBN 978-3-642-16214-5.
• [10] Chen, P. T., Pai, P. H., Yang, C. J., & Huang, K. D. 2019. Development of transmission systems for parallel hybrid electric vehicles. Applied Sciences, 9(8), 1538.
• [11] Miller, J. M. 2004. Propulsion systems for hybrid vehicles energy engineering. 2nd Ed.. Stevenage: The Institution of Engineering and Technology.
• [12] J.-S. Won, R. Langari, and M. Ehsani. 2005. An energy management and charge sustaining strategy for a parallel hybrid vehicle with CVT. Control Systems Technology. IEEE Transactionsten, vol. 13, pp. 313–320.
• [13] Kim, C., NamGoong, E., Lee, S., Kim, T., & Kim, H. 1999. Fuel economy optimization for parallel hybrid vehicles with CVT. SAE transactions, 2161-2167.
• [14] Karaoğlan, M. U., & Kuralay, N. 2014. Pem Yakit Hücresi Modeli. Engineer & the Machinery Magazine, Volume. 55, Issue. 657, p.51-58.
• [15] Yu, X., Lin, C., Zhao, M., Su, Y. & Liu, H. 2022. Optimal energy management strategy of a novel hybrid dual-motor transmission system for electric vehicles. Applied Energy, 321, 119395.
• [16] Li, X., Chen, B. & Evangelou, S.A. 2020. Optimized Design of Multi-Speed Transmissions for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 53(2), 14147-14153.
• [17] Xu, X., Zhao, J., Zhao, J., Shi, K., Dong, P., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Guo, W. % Liu, X. 2022. Comparative study on fuel saving potential of series-parallel hybrid transmission and series hybrid transmission. Energy Conversion and Management, 252(15), 114970.