Investigation of the Effects of Needle Designs on the Root Canal Irrigation Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 75, 769 - 780, 27.09.2023

Selin Bulgu , Alperen Yıldızeli , Sertaç Çadırcı , Sema Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.21205/deufmd.2023257520

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of irrigation needles geometries on the flow inside the root canal and compare their irrigation performances based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyzes. CFD simulations of three commonly used close-ended irrigation needles were performed for various inlet Reynolds numbers and working lengths. Their irrigation performances were evaluated based on apical pressure and wall shear stress. The flow was assumed to be incompressible, turbulent and steady at all inlet Reynolds numbers. The closed-ended needles showed similar limited irrigant penetration toward the apex. Among all configurations, the Model C outperforms others as it provides the highest wall shear stress around the needle tip and the lowest apical pressures in the apical foramen, which reduces the risk of apical extrusion. The needle tip designs influence important parameters for the effectiveness and safety of the irrigation process.

Keywords

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Endodontics, Irrigation, Needle Tip Design

Farklı İğne Tasarımlarının Diş Kanalı İrrigasyonu Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği ile İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, bir dişin kök kanalının irrigasyonunda kullanılan iğnelerinin geometrilerinin kök kanalı içindeki akış üzerine etkilerini araştırmayı ve bunların irrigasyon performanslarını “Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD)” analizlerine dayanarak karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çeşitli giriş Reynolds sayıları ve çalışma uzunlukları için yaygın olarak kullanılan üç adet yandan perfore irrigasyon iğnesinin HAD simülasyonları yapıldı. Bunların irrigasyon performansları apikal bölgedeki ortalama basınç ve kanal boyunca ortalama duvar kayma gerilmesine dayalı olarak değerlendirildi. İncelenen tüm giriş Reynolds sayılarında akışın sıkıştırılamaz, türbülanslı ve daimi olduğu varsayıldı. İncelenen yandan perfore iğnelerin irrigasyon performansı apekse doğru ilerledikçe benzer şekilde doyuma ulaşmaktadır. Tüm konfigürasyonlar arasında Model C, iğne ucu çevresinde en yüksek duvar kayma gerilimini ve apikal foramende en düşük apikal basınçları sağlayarak apikal ekstrüzyon riskini azalttığı için diğerlerinden daha iyi performans gösterdi. İğne ucu tasarımları, irrigasyonun verilmiliği ve güvenliği için önemli parametreleri etkilemektedir.

Keywords

Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD), Endodonti, İrigasyon, İğne Ucu Tasarımı

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