Experimental investigation of the effect of elagic acid on bone healing

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 10 - 18, 28.03.2024

Büşra Akçay Damar , Tugay Özkeskin , Refia Deniz Fırat , Nejat Vakur Olgaç , Mehmet Yaltırık

Abstract

Aims: Some of the most effective medicines discovered to date have been derived from natural products derived from microorganisms, plants and animals. Phenolic compounds have been recognized as the most important bioactive compounds responsible for bone health effects. Ellagic acid (EA), a member of the flavonoids, is a natural phenol antioxidant found in many fruits and vegetables. The anti-proliferative and antioxidant properties of ellagic acid have prompted research into its potential health benefits.1 The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of EA on hard tissue healing after tooth extraction in rats.
Methods: For this purpose, the lower left mandibular teeth of 16 Wistar Albino male rats were extracted under general anesthesia. Among the rats randomly divided into four groups, the 1st study group was given EA by gavage once a day for 14 days (14EA), and the 2nd study group was given EA by gavage once a day for 21 days (21EA). The 1st control group was given 0.9% Isotonic NaCl by gavage once a day for 14 days (14K), the 2nd control group was given 0.9% Isotonic NaCl by gavage once a day for 21 days (21K). Afterwards, the rats were sacrificed and prepared for histopathological examination.
Results: As a result of histopathological examination, the inflammation level of the 21EA group was found to be significantly lower than the 14K (p:0.042) and 21K (p:0.004) groups (p<0.05). The epithelial proliferation level of the 21EA group was found to be significantly higher than the 21K, 14K (p:0.001) and 14EA (p:0.009) groups (p<0.05). The new bone formation level of the 21EA group was higher than the 14K (p:0.001), 21K (p:0.008) and 14EA (p:0.018) groups; The new bone formation level of the 14EA group was statistically significantly higher than the 14K group (p:0.014; p<0.05). The healing score of the 21EA group was found to be significantly higher than the 14EA (p:0.013) (14K (p:0.017) and 21K (p:0.009) groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that EA had a statistically significant positive effect on bone healing, especially on the 21st day.

Keywords

Elagic Acid, Tooth Extraction, Bone Healing, Rat, Polyphenols

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