Korku Edebiyatında Bir Devrim: Frankenstein ve The Vampyre

Year 2020, Issue: 21, 295 - 315, 20.03.2020

Ercan Kaçmaz , Hatice Şule Yavuz

https://doi.org/10.30767/diledeara.632806

Abstract

Korku yüzyıllardır yazarların edebi eserlerinde
işlediği öne çıkan temalardan biri olmuştur. Zamanla bu korku temaları
toplumların kaygı ve ihtiyaçları temel alınarak değiştirilmiş ve
geliştirilmiştir. Özellikle 19. Yüzyıl, insan korkuları ve kaygılarının yansıtıcısı
olan korkunun evrimi açısından bir dönüm noktası olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu
bağlamda sıra dışı özellikler kazanan yaratıklar korku edebiyatında çığır
açmıştır. Döneme damgasını vuran en önemli olaylardan biri Lord Byron
tarafından başlatılan korku hikâyesi yarışmasıdır.
İngiliz Edebiyatının iki önemli eseri olan Mary Shelley’nin Frankestein (or The Modern Prometheus) ve
John William Polidori’nin The Vampyre
romanları bu yarışmada ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma adı geçen kitapların
analizini konu edinecektir.  Bir taraftan
gotik unsurları, önemli sembolleri, karakterleri ve bu karakterlerin romandaki
rollerini ortaya koyarken diğer taraftan karakterler ve rakipleri arasındaki
ilişkileri karşılaştıracaktır.  

Keywords

Victoria Gotik Edebiyatı, Mary Shelley, John William Polidori, Frankenstein, The Vampyre

A Revolution in Horror Literature: Frankenstein and The Vampyre

Abstract

Horror has always been an outstanding team that
authors use in their literary works for centuries. Over time, these horror
teams have been changed and developed based on societies’ fears and needs.
Especially 19^th century is considered to be a turning point for the
evolution of horror as a reflector of human’s fears and preoccupations.  Meanwhile monsters which acquire
extraordinary features have made a breakthrough in horror fiction. One of the
most important events which leave its mark on the era is the ghost story competition started by Lord
Byron. Two important pieces of English Literature, Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (Or The Modern Prometheus) and
John William Polidori’s The Vampyre
emerged in this challenge. This study will discuss the analysis of the books
mentioned. It will present gothic factors, major symbols, characters and their
roles in the novels, on the one hand; it will compare the relationships between
the protagonists and the antagonists on the other.

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