BİR DÜŞÜNCE VE SİYASET ADAMI OLARAK KENNETH DAVİD KAUNDA: DEVRİM, HÜMANİZM VE AFRİKA

Year 2020, Issue: 5-6, 1 - 15, 30.09.2020

Betül Şengül

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı Zambiya’nın kurucu lideri olan Dr. Kenneth David Kaunda’nın hayatını, kişiliğini, siyasi mücadelesini ve düşünce dünyasını ortaya koymaktır. Zambiya’nın bağımsızlık mücadelesinde önemli bir aktör olan Kenneth Kaunda aynı zamanda özgün bir düşün adamıdır. Yaklaşık 96 yıllık hayatı boyunca eğitimci kişiliği ve entelektüel saygınlığıyla sadece Afrika halklarını değil, aynı zamanda dünyanın bütün geri kalmış toplumlarına özgün fikirler vermiştir. Yaşayan bir halk kahramanı olarak Kaunda’nın emperyalizm ve Batı sömürgeciliğine karşı siyasi ve fikirsel duruşu, hali hazırda geri kalmış toplumlara örnek olabilecek bir niteliktedir. Ülkemizde fazla tanınmamakla birlikte uluslararası akademi ve siyasi dünyasında fazlasıyla tanınan
Kaunda’nın düşünceleri kısaca “Zambiya Hümanizmi” olarak başlıklandırılabilir. İlk bakışta bu kavram yerel ve Zambiya’ya özgü değer ve düşünceleri taşır gibi görünse de esasen Afrika’da ulus devlet düşüncesinin, bağımsızlık mücadelesinin ve özgün bir siyaset anlayışının felsefik ve akademik temellerini yansıtmaktadır. Afrika’ya özgü geri kalmışlığın derin izlerini taşıyan Kaunda’nın bu felsefesi, Zambiya yerelinde çözüm önerileri sunarken; ardından Afrika ve dünya ölçeğinde geri kalmışlığın giderilmesinin temel ilkelerini ortaya koyan özgün referanslardan birisidir.

Keywords

Kenneth David Kaunda, Zambiya, Afrika Hümanizmi, Zambiya Hümanizmi

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