PREDICTORS OF RUMINATION REFLECTION AND RUMINATION BROODING: THE SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY PERSPECTIVE

Year 2022, Volume: 62 Issue: 2, 1555 - 1573, 20.12.2022

Elif Manuoğlu

https://doi.org/10.33171/dtcfjournal.2022.62.2.31

Abstract

Past research has shown that rumination is a multifaced construct and two types of rumination were distinguished, reflection (adaptive contemplation) and brooding (pessimistic thinking style). Although they are related, brooding and reflection are considered different constructs. Self-determination theory proposes that there are three basic psychological needs, namely autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are essential for human functioning and well-being. The frustration of these needs can create a discrepancy between actual and ideal states of goal attainment (satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence), which initiate rumination about unattained goals. Grounded on self-determination theory, the present study aimed to examine the link between need satisfaction and frustration and dimensions of rumination with a cross-sectional design. The data of the present study were collected during the Pandemic. Undergraduate university students (N = 464, female 69%, Mage = 21.90, SD = 2.88) from different departments of a major state university in Turkey participated in the current study. Ruminative Response Scale-Short Form and Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale were administered via an online survey tool. Results showed that while the brooding dimension of rumination was predicted by the frustration of autonomy, relatedness, and competence need, the reflection dimension was predicted by relatedness and competence frustration. Need frustration explained unique variance in brooding and reflection. Although the reflection dimension of rumination is considered adaptive, the results showed that it might be a maladaptive coping strategy under a highly controlling and uncertain environment. The findings of the present research suggest that supporting need satisfaction has critical importance in decreasing rumination.

Keywords

Need satisfaction, Need frustration, Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness

RUMİNASYONUN YANSITMA VE KÖTÜMSER DÜŞÜNME BOYUTLARININ YORDAYICILARI: ÖZ-BELİRLEME KURAMI PERSPEKTİFİ

Abstract

Geçmişte yapılan araştırmalar, ruminasyonun çok yönlü bir yapı olduğunu ve iki tür ruminasyonun ayırt edildiğini göstermiştir: yansıtma (faydalı derin düşünme) ve karamsar düşünme (karamsar düşünme tarzı). İlişkili olmalarına rağmen, karamsar düşünme ve yansıtma farklı yapılar olarak kabul edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada her iki boyut kullanılmıştır. Öz-Belirleme kuramı, insanın sağlıklı işleyişi ve esenlik hali için gerekli olan özerklik, yeterlilik ve ilişkisellik olmak üzere üç temel psikolojik ihtiyaç olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Bu ihtiyaçların tatmininin engellenmesi, hedeflere ulaşma açısından (özerklik, ilişki ve yeterlilik ihtiyaçlarının tatmini) gerçek ve ideal durumlar arasında bir tutarsızlık yaratabilir ve bu da ulaşılmamış hedefler hakkında derin düşünmeyi başlatabilir. Öz-belirleme kuramına dayanan bu çalışma, ihtiyaç tatmini ve ihtiyaç tatmini engellenmesi ve ruminasyonun boyutları arasındaki ilişkiyi kesitsel bir desen ile incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın verileri Pandemi sırasında toplanmıştır. Bu araştırmaya Türkiye'deki büyük bir devlet üniversitesinin farklı bölümlerinden lisans üniversite öğrencileri (N = 464, kadın %69, ORTyaş = 21.90, SS = 2.88) katılmıştır. Ruminatif Tepki Ölçeği-Kısa Form ve Temel Psikolojik İhtiyaç Tatmini ve Engellenmesi Ölçeği çevrimiçi bir anket aracılığı ile uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar özerklik, ilişkisellik ve yekinlik ihtiyaçlarının tatminin engellenmesinin karamsar düşünme boyutunu yordadığını, yansıtma boyutunun ise ilişkisellik ve yetkinlik ihtiyaçlarının tatmininin engellenmesi tarafından yordandığını göstermiştir. İhtiyaç tatminin engellenmesi hem yansıtma hem de karamsar düşünme boyutunda varyans açıklamıştır. Ruminasyonun yansıtma boyutu faydalı olarak kabul edilse de bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar yüksek kontrol içeren ve belirsiz bir ortamda uyumsuz bir başa çıkma stratejisi olabileceğini göstermektedir. Mevcut araştırmanın bulguları ruminasyonun azaltılmasında ihtiyaç tatmininin desteklenmesinin kritik öneme sahip olabileceğini iddia etmektedir.

Keywords

İhtiyaç tatmini, İhtiyaç tatmini engellenmesi, özerklik, Yeterlilik, İlişkisellik

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