NiO Modifiye Karbon Pasta Sensör Yüzeyinde Bakır ve Kadmiyum’un Anodik Sıyırma Voltametrisi ile Tayini

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1403 - 1416, 31.07.2019

Ceren Yıldız , Dilek Eskiköy Bayraktepe , Zehra Yazan

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.527608

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmada NiO nanopartiküllerine
dayanan, hızlı, duyarlı, düşük maliyetli yeni bir karbon pasta elektrot
geliştirilmesi ve bu elektrodun differansiyel puls anodik sıyırma voltametrisi
(DPASV) yöntemiyle musluk suyunda bulunan Cu²⁺ ve Cd²⁺’un
analizinde kullanılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çıplak karbon
pasta elektrot (KPE) ve NiO nanopartikülleriyle modifiye edilmiş olan karbon
pasta elektrot (NiO/KPE) yüzeyleri EIS ve CV yöntemiyle yapılan karakterizasyon
yöntemleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, NiO/KPE’un
elektroaktif türlere karşı elektrokatalitik etkisinin olduğunu göstermiş ve
NiO/KPE, Cu²⁺ ve Cd²⁺’un voltametrik analizinde çalışma
elektrodu olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma elektrodunun belirlenmesinin ardından,
bazı analitik ve yöntem parametrelerinin optimizasyonu yapılmış olup, her iki
katyon için; optimum NiO bileşimi 3,0 mg NiO/30 mg pasta, optimum pH BR tampon
ortamında 3,0, optimum biriktirme potansiyeli -1,5 V ve optimum biriktirme
süresi ise 180,0 s olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenmiş olan optimum koşullarda,
bir katyonun derişimi sabit tutulup, diğerinin derişimi arttırılarak ve her iki
katyonun da derişimi arttırılarak kalibrasyon eğrileri oluşturulmuştur.
Kalibrasyon eğrilerinden elde edilen veriler yardımıyla bulunan alt tayin
sınırı ve doğrusal çalışma aralıkları her bir katyon için hesaplanmıştır.
Yöntemin uygulanabilirliğinin test edilmesi amacıyla, musluk suyu içeren
ortamda da Cu²⁺ ve Cd²⁺’un analizi yeni geliştirilmiş
olan DPASV yöntemiyle yapılmış ve geri kazanı değerleri %100 civarında
bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Cu2+, Cd2+, Voltametri, Karbon pasta elektrot

References

• [1] B. Sağlamtimur, B.Cicik ve C. Erdem “Kısa süreli bakır-kadmiyum etkileşiminde Tatlısu Çipurası (Oreochromis niloticus L. 1758)'nın karaciğer, böbrek, solungaç ve kas dokularındaki kadmiyum birikimi” Ekoloji, c. 14, s. 53, ss.33-38, 2004.
• [2] Z. Koudelkova, T. Syrovy, P. Ambrozova, Z. Moravec, L. Kubac, D. Hynek ve V. Adam “Determination of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper and silver using a carbon paste electrode and a screen printed electrode modified with chromium (III) oxide” Sensors, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1832-1849, 2017.
• [3] J.L. Gardea-Torresdey, J.R Peralta-Videa, M. Montes, G. De la Rosa ve B. “Corral-Diaz Bioaccumulation of cadmium, chromium and copper by Convolvulus arvensis L.: impact on plant growth and uptake of nutritional elements” Bioresource technology, vol. 9 no. 3, pp. 229-235, 2004.
• [4] A. Cherfi, S. Abdoun ve O. Gaci “Food survey: levels and potential health risks of chromium, lead, zinc and copper content in fruits and vegetables consumed in Algeria” Food and chemical toxicology, vol. 70, pp. 48-53, 2014.
• [5] G.J. Fosmire “Zinc toxicity” The American journal of clinical nutrition, vol. 51, no. 2 pp. 225-227, 1990.
• [6] G. Özbolat ve A. Tuli, “Ağır metal toksisitesinin insan sağlığına etkileri” Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi, c. 25, s. 4, ss. 502-521, 2016.
• [7] U. Injang, P. Noyrod, W. Siangproh, W. Dungchai, S. Motomizu ve O. Chailapakul “Determination of trace heavy metals in herbs by sequential injection analysis-anodic stripping voltammetry using screen-printed carbon nanotubes electrodes” Analytica chimica acta, vol. 668, no. 1, pp. 54-60, 2010.
• [8] M.M. Ghoneim, A.M. Hassanein, E. Hammam ve A.M. Beltagi “Simultaneous determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Sb, Bi, Se, Zn, Mn, Ni, Co and Fe in water samples by differential pulse stripping voltammetry at a hanging mercury drop electrode” Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry, vol. 367 no. 4, pp. 378-383, 2000.
• [9] S. Daniele, M.A. Baldo, P. Ugo ve G.A. Mazzocchin “Determination of heavy metals in real samples by anodic stripping voltammetry with mercury microelectrodes: Part 1. Application to wine” Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 219, pp. 9-18, 1989.
• [10] J. Golimowski ve A. Sikorska “A Voltammetric Method of the Determination of Toxic Heavy-Metals In Surface Waters” Chemia Analityczna, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 411-420, 1983.
• [11] E. Tesarova, L. Baldrianova, S. Hocevar, I. B. Svancara, K. Vytras ve B. Ogorevc “Anodic stripping voltammetric measurement of trace heavy metals at antimony film carbon paste electrode” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 1506-1510, 2009. [12] C. Hu, Wu, K., Dai, X., & Hu, S. (2003). Simultaneous determination of lead (II) and cadmium (II) at a diacetyldioxime modified carbon paste electrode by differential pulse stripping voltammetry. Talanta, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 17-24.
• [13] W. Yantasee, Y. Lin, G.E. Fryxell ve B.J. Busche “Simultaneous detection of cadmium, copper, and lead using a carbon paste electrode modified with carbamoylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous silica (SAMMS)” Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 502, no. 2, pp. 207-212, 2004.
• [14] M. Zaib ve M.M. Athar “Voltammetric Detection of Hg (II) in Real Wastewater Using Red Alga Modified Carbon Paste Electrode: Mechanism Insight” Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, vol. 44 no. 1, pp. 179-187, 2019.
• [15] D.E. Bayraktepe, T. Yanardağ, Z. Yazan ve A. Aksüt “Voltammetric determination of etoposide by using sepiolite clay modified electrode and its interaction with DNA” Rev. Roum. Chim, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 287-295, 2015.
• [16] S. Aydar, D.E. Bayraktepe, H. Filik ve Z. Yazan “A Nano˗ Sepiolite Clay Electrochemical Sensor for the Rapid Electro–Catalytic Detection of Hydroquinone in Cosmetic Products” Acta Chimica Slovenica, vol. 65 no. 4, pp. 946-954, 2018.
• [17] H. Khani, M.K. Rofouei, P. Arab, V.K. Gupta ve Z. Vafaei “Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-ionic liquid-carbon paste electrode as a super selectivity sensor: application to potentiometric monitoring of mercury ion (II)” Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 183, no.1-3, pp. 402-409, 2010.
• [18] S.M. Ghoreishi, M. Behpour ve M. Golestaneh “Simultaneous determination of sunset yellow and tartrazine in soft drinks using gold nanoparticles carbon paste electrode” Food chemistry, vol. 132, no.1, pp. 637-641, 2012.
• [19] M. Mazloum-Ardakani, H. Beitollahi, M.K. Amini, F. Mirkhalaf ve M. Abdollahi-Alibeik “New strategy for simultaneous and selective voltammetric determination of norepinephrine, acetaminophen and folic acid using ZrO2 nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol.151 no. 1, pp. 243-249, 2010.
• [20] J. Wang ve A. Walcarius “Zeolite-modified carbon paste electrode for selective monitoring of dopamine” Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 407, no.1-2, pp. 183-187, 1996.
• [21] H. R. Zare, N. Nasirizadeh ve M.M. Ardakani “Electrochemical properties of a tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone modified carbon paste electrode. Application to the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid” Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 577 no.1, pp. 25-33, 2005.
• [22] F. Li, J. Li, Y. Feng, L. Yang ve Z. Du “Electrochemical behavior of graphene doped carbon paste electrode and its application for sensitive determination of ascorbic acid” Sensors and actuators B: Chemical vol.157, no.1, pp. 110-114, 2011.
• [23] A. Salimi, E. Sharifi, A. Noorbakhsh and S. Soltanian “Direct voltammetry and electrocatalytic properties of hemoglobin immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode modified with nickel oxide nanoparticles” Electrochemistry communications, vol. 8, no.9, pp. 1499-1508, 2006.
• [24] M.R Shahmiri, A. Bahari, H. Karimi-Maleh, R. Hosseinzadeh and N. Mirnia “Ethynylferrocene–NiO/MWCNT nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode as a novel voltammetric sensor for simultaneous determination of glutathione and acetaminophen” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol.177, pp.70-77, 2013.
• [25] H. Karimi-Maleh, A.L. Sanati, V.K. Gupta, M. Yoosefian, M. Asif and A. Bahari, “A voltammetric biosensor based on ionic liquid/NiO nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol.204, pp.647-654, 2014.
• [26] S. Jahani ve H. Beitollahi “Selective detection of dopamine in the presence of uric acid using NiO nanoparticles decorated on graphene nanosheets modified screen‐printed electrodes” Electroanalysis, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 2022-2028, 2016.
• [27] D.E. Bayraktepe, Z. Yazan ve K. Polat “Sensitive and selective voltammetric determination of anti˗ cancer agent shikonin on sepiolite clay/TiO2 nanoparticle/MWCNTs composite carbon paste sensor and investigation of its electro˗ oxidation mechanism” Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 780, pp. 38-45, 2016.
• [28] J. Wang, Analytical electrochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
• [29] A.M. Beltagi, E.M. Ghoneim ve M.M. Ghoneim “Simultaneous determination of cadmium (II), lead (II), copper (II) and mercury (II) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry at a montmorillonite-calcium modified carbon paste electrode” International Journal of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 17-32, 2011.
• [30] H. Lin, M. Li, D. Mihailovič “Simultaneous Determination of Copper, Lead, and Cadmium Ions at a Mo6S9-xIx Nanowires Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode Using Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 154, pp. 184–189, 2015.
• [31] N. Serrano, A. González-Calabuig M. Valle “Crownether-modified electrodes for the simultaneous stripping voltammetric determination of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II)”, Talanta vol.138, pp. 130–137, 2015.
• [32] Z. Guo, D. Li, X. Luo “Simultaneous determination of trace Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry using a reduced graphene oxide chitosan/poly-L-lysine nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science vol. 490, pp. 11–22, 2017.
• [33] X. Han, Z. Meng, H. Zhang ve J. Zheng “Fullerene-based anodic stripping voltammetry for simultaneous determination of Hg(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) in foodstuff” Microchimica Acta (2018) vol. 185, no. 274, pp. 1-9.