Reducing Speed Ripples and Vibrations in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Unbalanced Loads

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 257 - 263, 20.06.2023

Faruk Erken , Oya Fidan , Seçil Karatay

https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1264630

Abstract

Sabit Mıknatıslı Senkron Motorlar (SMSM) yüksek moment, yüksek güç yoğunluğu, yüksek hızlanma, küçük hacim, düşük gürültü ve yüksek verimlilik gibi önemli özelliklere sahiptir. Bu özelliklerle, endüstride yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Elektrik motorlarının çalışması sırasında ortaya çıkan olumsuzluklardan biri, dengesiz yüklerin neden olduğu hız dalgalanmaları ve titreşimlerdir. Dengesiz yükler, yükün karakterinin yanı sıra motorun yüke montajındaki hatalar, milin yanlış hizalanması ve yükün kendisinin eksantrik bir yük olmasından kaynaklanabilir. Bu durum özellikle yüksek hızlarda, motorlarda kalıcı hasara neden olur. Farklı nedenlerle ortaya çıkan bu dalgalanmaların belirlenmesi ve ortadan kaldırılması, güvenilir bir çalışma için çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, dengesiz yüklü bir SMSM'de dengesiz yük durumları incelenmiş ve motorun dengesiz yükteki hız dalgalanmaları, önerilen uyarlanabilir harmonik enjeksiyon yöntemi ile azaltılmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), speed ripples, harmonic injection, unbalanced load

Reducing Speed Ripples and Vibrations in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Unbalanced Loads

Abstract

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) have important features such as high torque, high power density, high acceleration, small volume, low noise and high efficiency. With these features, is widely used in the industry. One of the negativities that occur during the operation of electric motors is speed fluctuations and vibrations due to the unbalanced loads. Unbalanced loading can be caused by the character of the load, as well as the poor mounting of the motor to the load, the misalignment on the shaft and the load itself being an eccentric load. Especially at high speeds, this causes permanent damage to the motors. Specification and elimination of these fluctuations, which occur for different reasons, are very important for a reliable operation. In this study, unbalanced load situations are investigated in an unbalanced PMSM and the speed ripples in the unbalanced load of the motor are attempted to be decreased by the proposed Adaptive Harmonic Injection approach. The simulation is carried out under various operating conditions by abruptly and linearly changing the motor speed under unbalanced load. It is observed that speed fluctuations in the motor can be effectively suppressed under different operating condition.

Keywords

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), ), speed ripples, harmonic injection, unbalanced load

References

• F. Erken, E. Oksuztepe and H. Kurum, "Online adaptive decision fusion based torque ripple reduction in permanent magnet synchronous motor," IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 189-196, 2016.
• T. Lale and B. Gumus, "A New Approach based on Electromechanical Torque for Detection of Inter-Turn Fault in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor," Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 49, no. 18-19, p. 1499–1511, 2022.
• S. Rajagopalan, W. l. Roux, T. G. Habetler and R. G. Harley, "Dynamic Eccentricity and Demagnetized Rotor Magnet Detection in Trapezoidal Flux (Brushless DC) Motors Operating Under Different Load Conditions," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 2061-2069, 2007.
• M. Salah, K. Bacha and A. Chaari, "Stator Current Analysis of a Squirrel Cage Motor Running Under Mechanical Unbalance Condition," in 10th International Multi-Conferences on Systems, Signals & Devices 2013, Hammamet, Tunisa, 2013.
• H. Toliyat, M. Arefeen and A. Parlos, "A method for dynamic simulation of air-gap eccentricity in induction machines," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 910-918, 1996.
• H. Zhang, R.-x. Zhao, M.-l. Zhu, H. Omori, H. Kohso and K. Gamo, "A novel control strategy for vibration reduction in the permanent magnet motor drive system with eccentric load," in 2008 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, Wuhan, 2008.
• H. Kim, "On-line mechanical unbalance estimation for permanent magnet synchronous machine drives," IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 178-186, 2008.
• B. M. Ebrahimi, J. Faiz and M. J. Roshtkhari, "Static-, Dynamic-, and Mixed-Eccentricity Fault Diagnoses in Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 4727-4739, 2009.
• T. Ishikawa, R. Toyota, M. Matsunami, N. Kurita and T. Matsuura, "Current-based detection of eccentric load coupled to brushless DC motor," in The 2010 Internatiomal Power Electronics Conference, Sapporo, 2010.
• Q. Fei, Y. Deng, H. Li, J. Liu and M. Shao, "Speed Ripple Minimization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Model Predictive and Iterative Learning Controls," IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 31791-31800, 2019.
• F. Bu, Z. Yang, Y. Gao, Z. Pan, T. Pu, M. Degano and C. Gerada, "Speed Ripple Reduction of Direct-Drive PMSM Servo System at Low-Speed Operation Using Virtual Cogging Torque Control Method," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 160-174, 2021.
• P. Vas, Parameter Estimation, Condition Monitoring, and Diagnosis of Electrical Machines, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.
• Z. Dogan, B. Kara, C. Emeksiz and L. Gokrem, "The Static Eccentricity Fault Diagnosis in Time Domain at Line Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor," Journal of New Results in Science, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 88-95, 2016.
• R. S. C. Pal ve A. R. Mohanty, «A Simplified Dynamical Model of Mixed Eccentricity Fault in a Three-Phase Induction Motor,» IEEE TRansactions on Industrial Electronics, cilt 68, no. 5, pp. 4341-4350, 2021.
• S. Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory, Upper Saddle River,NJ: Prentice Hall, 2002.